An Improved Real-Time Detection Algorithm based on Frequency Interpolation

An Improved Real-Time Detection Algorithm based on Frequency Interpolation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article An Improved Real-Time Detection Algorithm based on Frequency Interpolation Heping Shi, Zikai Yang, Jin Shi This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3009554/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 25 Jul, 2023 Read the published version in EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Real-time monitoring of heart rate (HR), i.e., extraction of heart rate variability (HRV), plays an important role in diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Compared with traditional contact monitoring devices, the use of continuous wave (CW) Doppler radar to monitor HRV does not require contact and is not sensitive to light and temperature, which makes it more and more popular. To monitor the HRV based on CW Doppler radar, the time window must be shortened to less than 5 seconds, which will lead to the spectrum leakage and degrade the measurement accuracy of HRV. To solve this problem, a custom CW Doppler radar has been developed in an integrated fashion on a single PCB, whose transmitting frequency and power of the radar are 24 GHz and 3 dBm, respectively. Furthermore, four frequency interpolation algorithms are introduced to compare their extraction accuracy. Experiments are performed on three subjects and results show that the Quinn algorithm can obtain best HRV extraction results compared with other algorithms. Specially, the average HRV extraction error is 3.61% using the Quinn algorithm. Heart rate variability (HRV) non-contact detection continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar Frequency interpolation Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 25 Jul, 2023 Read the published version in EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking → Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 13 Jun, 2023 Reviewer # 2 agreed at journal 12 Jun, 2023 Reviewer # 3 agreed at journal 12 Jun, 2023 Reviewer # 1 agreed at journal 12 Jun, 2023 Reviewers invited by journal 09 Jun, 2023 Editor assigned by journal 08 Jun, 2023 Submission checks completed at journal 07 Jun, 2023 Editor invited by journal 07 Jun, 2023 First submitted to journal 02 Jun, 2023 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3009554","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":208504899,"identity":"5562e2d7-4b7b-4230-baab-07427067a15f","order_by":0,"name":"Heping Shi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCcY2EMnAwN7AYABkMTYQr4XnMNFaGNigjGQwRViL/Ozmtgcfd1jkyUe+P1DMw2Aju+EA87MH+LQY3DnYbjjzjESx4e1kBmMehjTjDQfYzA3wapFIbJPmbZNI3DgbrOVw4oYDPGwSeB02A6jlL0jLzMMgLf8Ja2G4AdTCCNQyX4IZpOUAYS0GQC2SvWckEjfwJBsYzjFINp55mM2MgMPSn0n83FGXOL/94DODNxV2sn3Hm5/hdxgIgOLC4AADmwE4MpkJqodqkW9gYH5AjOJRMApGwSgYeQAAOo9IFvvBt5EAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8494-9613","institution":"Tianjin University of Technology and Education","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Heping","middleName":"","lastName":"Shi","suffix":""},{"id":208504900,"identity":"bb981dcf-7ba6-412e-bcf4-046a5c7a2771","order_by":1,"name":"Zikai Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hebei University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zikai","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""},{"id":208504901,"identity":"67098823-59f9-4402-bddc-fdfdf780d519","order_by":2,"name":"Jin Shi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hebei University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jin","middleName":"","lastName":"Shi","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-06-01 10:56:44","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3009554/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3009554/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02276-x","type":"published","date":"2023-07-25T21:47:13+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":44734093,"identity":"e8126dad-533f-4827-a7ec-97f591d45cfb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-10-16 22:14:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":403780,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3009554/v1_covered_d52be2a4-e4fb-4104-bbc0-162afdf2edca.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"An Improved Real-Time Detection Algorithm based on Frequency Interpolation","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"eurasip-journal-on-wireless-communications-and-networking","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jwcn","sideBox":"Learn more about [EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking](http://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/jwcn/default.aspx","title":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","twitterHandle":"@SpringerEng","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Heart rate variability (HRV), non-contact detection, continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar, Frequency interpolation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3009554/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3009554/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eReal-time monitoring of heart rate (HR), i.e., extraction of heart rate variability (HRV), plays an important role in diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Compared with traditional contact monitoring devices, the use of continuous wave (CW) Doppler radar to monitor HRV does not require contact and is not sensitive to light and temperature, which makes it more and more popular. To monitor the HRV based on CW Doppler radar, the time window must be shortened to less than 5 seconds, which will lead to the spectrum leakage and degrade the measurement accuracy of HRV. To solve this problem, a custom CW Doppler radar has been developed in an integrated fashion on a single PCB, whose transmitting frequency and power of the radar are 24 GHz and 3 dBm, respectively. Furthermore, four frequency interpolation algorithms are introduced to compare their extraction accuracy. Experiments are performed on three subjects and results show that the Quinn algorithm can obtain best HRV extraction results compared with other algorithms. 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