Exploration of Tumor Growth Regression of Oil Nanocapsules via the Control of Pik3ca and Myc Expression, Anti-Inflammation and Cell Proliferation Inhibition, and Their Hepatorenal Safety in Rats

Abstract Background The second most common cancer in the world is breast cancer. Chemotherapy is used to treat breast cancer, but instances of multidrug resistance, targets that are not selective, and physicochemical issues raise doubts about its efficacy. So, the exploration of chemopreventive agents from efficient natural sources has been required. The chia and quinoa seeds have health-promoting activities that include cardio-protective, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects. Given the paramount importance of their oils and their potential bioactivities, this work aimed to assess the repressive effect of their oils nanocapsules against mammary tumors in rats. Rat models of chemically induced mammary tumors were gavaged Chia and Quinoa nanocapsules for one month. The repressive effect of nanocapsules was studied by quantifying the TNF-α, assessing the gene expression of proto-oncogenes (Pik3ca & MYC) using qRT PCR, and analyzing the cell cycle in mammary tissue.Results The studies clarified that the inhibition of tumors in response to Quinoa and Chia nanocapsules was associated with the reduction in TNF-α levels, proliferation capability, and motivation of apoptosis. Furthermore, the Quinoa and Chia nanocapsules management repressed the activation of the MYC and Pik3ca genes. As well as nanocapsules modulated the liver enzymes and kidney function alterations induced in mammary tumor animals. Meanwhile, both oils' nanocapsules do not have an impact on the liver and kidneys of healthy rats.Conclusions The findings indicate that Quinoa and Chia nanocapsules are safe and can reduce tumor growth, suggesting a potential natural therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.