Discovery of Phenyl-β-D-glucuronide Medical Function for in Vivo Producing Handheld Gas Sensor Detectable Phenol-like Breath Marker: The Future of Induced Volatolomics in Cancer Risk Pre-warning

ABSTRACT Induced volatolomics provides a promising approach for cancer risk pre-warning. Nevertheless, continues to be questioned bio-compatibility of the synthetic exogenous agents and sophisticated instrument solely detectable isotopes labeled volatile compounds restrained induced volatolomics in clinic application. Here, we report phenyl-β-D-glucuronide as a potential exogenous agent of induced volatolomics. As a nature product, phenyl-β-D-glucuronide demonstrates satisfactory bio-compatibility in pilot study and metabolizes into volatile phenol under the action of tumor micro-environment highly accumulated β-glucuronidase. For conveniently recording breath signal, handheld breath-analyzer based on electrochemical phenol sensor is developed. After administrating healthy or tumor bearing mice with phenyl-β-D-glucuronide, breath signal given by breath-analyzer is verified to be capable of not only predicting various tumor risk with specificity/sensitivity/accuracy above 94.3% in 10 min, but also speculating tumor stage.