Evaluating and comparing the efficacy of histopathology to TVS/TAS in diagnosing the abnormal uterine bleeding: A prospective clinical study

JC Naidu, N Kiran Raju, DSSK Raju, Venkata Kiranmai Gottapu
In: International Journal of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging · 2021 · vol. 4(4) , pp. 43–46 · doi:10.33545/26644436.2021.v4.i4a.238 · W4200555648
article OA: diamond CC0
🔓 Open OA copy Full text JSON View on OpenAlex View at publisher
⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study compared transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasounds with histopathology for diagnosing abnormal uterine bleeding, finding ultrasound useful for initial screening but histopathology essential for definitive diagnosis.

One-sentence paraphrase of the abstract; not a substitute for reading it. No clinical advice. How this works

⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 · read from full text ⓘ

This prospective clinical study evaluated and compared the diagnostic effectiveness of histopathology versus transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasound (TVS/TAS) in 102 adults aged 21–85 years presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding, with all participants undergoing hysteroscopy and premenstrual dilatation and curettage regardless of sonography findings before endometrial tissue was analyzed histopathologically. Histopathology reported findings including cervical and endometrial carcinomas, endometrial/cervical polyps, endometritis, atrophic and normal endometrium, hyperplasia, and mixed/proliferative/secretory patterns. The paper concludes that TVS/TAS can serve as an economical primary screening assessment for AUB, while histopathologic assessment is the gold standard for diagnosis and management in such cases, without detailing additional explicit limitations in the provided text. Relevance to endometriosis: adenomyosis is listed among the histopathology-observed abnormalities in the study’s results (alongside other lesions), though the paper’s main focus is diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding rather than specifically endometriosis.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Background: AUB (Abnormal Uterine Bleeding) is any bleeding outside normal frequency, regularity, duration, and volume. Abnormal bleeding in menstruation is depicted using terms such as oligomenorrhea, Polymenorrhea, Metorrhagia, and menorrhagia.Objectives: The present clinical study was conducted to assess the efficacy of histopathological findings and TVS/TAS in subjects with AUB.Methods: In the present prospective clinical study, 102 subjects within the age of 21-85 years with abnormal uterine bleeding. All subjects underwent hysteroscopy and premenstrual dilatation and curettage despite sonography findings and baseline investigations. The obtained endometrial tissue was assessed via histopathological examination.Result: Cervical carcinoma, Endometrial carcinoma, Cervical polyp, Endometrial polyp, Adenomyosis, and Myoma as seen in 3.92% (n = 4), 12.74% (n = 13), 2.94% (n = 3), 32.35% (n = 33), 51.96% (n = 53), and 54.90% (n = 56) study subjects respectively. Tissue findings in the study were assessed as Cervical Carcinoma, Endometrial Carcinoma, Endometrial polyp, Endometritis, Atrophic endometrium, Mixed, Secretary, Proliferative phase, Endometrial hyperplasia, and normal epithelium was seen in 1.96% (n = 2), 10.78% (n = 11), 5.88% (n = 6), 0.98% (n = 1), 2.94% (n = 3), 3.92% (n = 4), 15.68% (n = 16), 11.76% (n = 12), 25.49% (n = 26), and 20.58% (n = 21) subjects respectively.Conclusion: The present study concludes that transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasounds are an economical and primary assessment tool for screening of AUB, and must be included in routine assessment and examination. Although, the diagnosis and management of AUB are confusing among non-gravid females, however, histopathologic assessment is the gold standard in such cases.
Full text 2,597 characters · extracted from oa-doi-fallback · 6 sections · click to expand

Abstract

Background: AUB (Abnormal Uterine Bleeding) is any bleeding outside normal frequency, regularity, duration, and volume. Abnormal bleeding in menstruation is depicted using terms such as oligomenorrhea, Polymenorrhea, Metorrhagia, and menorrhagia.

Background

AUB (Abnormal Uterine Bleeding) is any bleeding outside normal frequency, regularity, duration, and volume. Abnormal bleeding in menstruation is depicted using terms such as oligomenorrhea, Polymenorrhea, Metorrhagia, and menorrhagia.

Objectives

The present clinical study was conducted to assess the efficacy of histopathological findings and TVS/TAS in subjects with AUB.

Methods

In the present prospective clinical study, 102 subjects within the age of 21-85 years with abnormal uterine bleeding. All subjects underwent hysteroscopy and premenstrual dilatation and curettage despite sonography findings and baseline investigations. The obtained endometrial tissue was assessed via histopathological examination.

Result

Cervical carcinoma, Endometrial carcinoma, Cervical polyp, Endometrial polyp, Adenomyosis, and Myoma as seen in 3.92% (n = 4), 12.74% (n = 13), 2.94% (n = 3), 32.35% (n = 33), 51.96% (n = 53), and 54.90% (n = 56) study subjects respectively. Tissue findings in the study were assessed as Cervical Carcinoma, Endometrial Carcinoma, Endometrial polyp, Endometritis, Atrophic endometrium, Mixed, Secretary, Proliferative phase, Endometrial hyperplasia, and normal epithelium was seen in 1.96% (n = 2), 10.78% (n = 11), 5.88% (n = 6), 0.98% (n = 1), 2.94% (n = 3), 3.92% (n = 4), 15.68% (n = 16), 11.76% (n = 12), 25.49% (n = 26), and 20.58% (n = 21) subjects respectively.

Conclusion

The present study concludes that transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasounds are an economical and primary assessment tool for screening of AUB, and must be included in routine assessment and examination. Although, the diagnosis and management of AUB are confusing among non-gravid females, however, histopathologic assessment is the gold standard in such cases. Pages: 43-46 | Views: 2903 | Downloads: 1542 How to cite this article: Dr. JC Naidu, Dr. N Kiran Raju, Dr. DSSK Raju, Dr. Venkata Kiranmai Gottapu. Evaluating and comparing the efficacy of histopathology to TVS/TAS in diagnosing the abnormal uterine bleeding: A prospective clinical study . Int J Radiol Diagn Imaging 2021;4(4):43-46. DOI: 10.33545/26644436.2021.v4.i4a.238

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

⚙ Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: oa-doi-fallback ⓘ

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Condition tags

adenomyosis

Citation neighborhood (sparse)

Too few in-corpus citations on either side for a chart; here are the lists.

Cites (1)

References (6)

Source provenance

openalex
last seen: 2026-06-04T00:00:01.174412+00:00
License: CC0 · commercial use OK