Adnexal torsion in pregnancy: Relying on a six-year hospital experience in solving this problem

In: Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo · 2026 · vol. 154(1-2) , pp. 81–85 · doi:10.2298/sarh251205004m · W7124699995
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This retrospective study analyzed 10 surgical cases of adnexal torsion occurring during pregnancy between 2018 and 2023, describing presenting symptoms and operative management decisions (laparoscopy vs laparotomy) based on trimester and tumor size. The most frequent procedure was adnexectomy, attributed to delayed presentation and advanced adnexal necrosis, yet most patients had favorable pregnancy outcomes with many delivering live babies. A key limitation is the small sample size and retrospective, single-hospital design, which restricts the strength of any “guideline” conclusions. This paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Introduction. Adnexal torsion is a serious complication in pregnancy that can lead to ovarian ischemia and necrosis. This retrospective study aimed to provide clinically driven guidelines for treatment of adnexal torsion during pregnancy. Case report. We analyzed data from 10 patients who underwent surgery for adnexal torsion between 2018 and 2023. The most common symptoms were pelvic pain, nausea, and vomiting. Laparoscopy and laparotomy were equally performed, with the choice depending on factors like trimester and tumor size. Unfortunately, adnexectomy was the most common surgery due to delayed presentation and advanced necrosis. Despite this, pregnancy outcomes were favorable, with most patients delivering live babies. Discussion. The most frequent adnexal tumor in pregnancy is the corpus luteum cyst. Several studies suggest laparoscopic management of adnexal torsion in pregnancy with excellent maternal and fetal outcomes. Both delayed diagnosis and intervention can lead to adnexal necrosis and hence increase the risk of miscarriage and maternal morbidity Conclusion. Expectant management is not recommended. Due to the increased risk of miscarriage and maternal morbidity, laparoscopy (detorsion and cystectomy) is the safest and most effective type of surgery in the first trimester. Laparotomy might be more appropriate in the third or late second trimester or with a very large adnexal mass.
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DOISerbia - Adnexal torsion in pregnancy: Relying on a six-year hospital experience in solving this problem - Maglić, Dragana; Džatić-Smiljković, Olivera; Mandić, Milica; Srbinović, Ljubomir; Maglić, Rastko Adnexal torsion in pregnancy: Relying on a six-year hospital experience in solving this problem Maglić Dragana (Narodni Front Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia) Džatić-Smiljković Olivera (Narodni Front Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia) Mandić Milica (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia) Srbinović Ljubomir (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia) Maglić Rastko (Narodni Front Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia), [email protected] Introduction. Adnexal torsion is a serious complication in pregnancy that can lead to ovarian ischemia and necrosis. This retrospective study aimed to provide clinically driven guidelines for treatment of adnexal torsion during pregnancy. Case report. We analyzed data from 10 patients who underwent surgery for adnexal torsion between 2018 and 2023. The most common symptoms were pelvic pain, nausea, and vomiting. Laparoscopy and laparotomy were equally performed, with the choice depending on factors like trimester and tumor size. Unfortunately, adnexectomy was the most common surgery due to delayed presentation and advanced necrosis. Despite this, pregnancy outcomes were favorable, with most patients delivering live babies. Discussion. The most frequent adnexal tumor in pregnancy is the corpus luteum cyst. Several studies suggest laparoscopic management of adnexal torsion in pregnancy with excellent maternal and fetal outcomes. Both delayed diagnosis and intervention can lead to adnexal necrosis and hence increase the risk of miscarriage and maternal morbidity Conclusion. Expectant management is not recommended. Due to the increased risk of miscarriage and maternal morbidity, laparoscopy (detorsion and cystectomy) is the safest and most effective type of surgery in the first trimester. Laparotomy might be more appropriate in the third or late second trimester or with a very large adnexal mass. Guile SL, Mathai JK. Ovarian Torsion. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560675/. [PMID: 32809510] Lapides A, Ma W, McKinney C, Chuang L. Laparoscopically-treated ovarian torsion in a 32-week pregnancy: A case report. Case Rep Womens Health. 2023;37:e00496. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crwh.2023.e00496] [PMID: 37020693] Adeyemi-Fowode O, McCracken KA, Todd NJ. Adnexal Torsion. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2018;31(4):333-8. 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Adnexal Torsion in the Third Trimester. Cureus. 2024;16(5):e60836. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60836] [PMID: 38910722] Garde I, Paredes C, Ventura L, Pascual MA, Ajossa S, Guerriero S, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound signs for detecting adnexal torsion: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2023;61(3):310-24. [DOI: 10.1002/uog.24976] [PMID: 35751902] Dvash S, Pekar M, Melcer Y, Weiner Y, Vaknin Z, Smorgick N. Adnexal Torsion in Pregnancy Managed by Laparoscopy Is Associated with Favorable Obstetric Outcomes. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2020;27(6):1295-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.783] [PMID: 31563614] Meyer R, Meller N, Mohr-Sasson A, Toussia-Cohen S, Komem DA, Mashiach R, et al. A clinical prediction model for adnexal torsion in pediatric and adolescent population. J Pediatr Surg. 2022;57(3):497-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.03.052] [PMID: 33902897] Psilopatis I, Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Vrettou K, Garmpi A, Antoniou EA, et al. 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