Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years

Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students... | F1000Research "use strict";function _typeof(t){return(_typeof="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(t){return typeof t}:function(t){return t&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&t.constructor===Symbol&&t!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof t})(t)}!function(){var t=function(){var t,e,o=[],n=window,r=n;for(;r;){try{if(r.frames.__tcfapiLocator){t=r;break}}catch(t){}if(r===n.top)break;r=r.parent}t||(!function t(){var e=n.document,o=!!n.frames.__tcfapiLocator;if(!o)if(e.body){var r=e.createElement("iframe");r.style.cssText="display:none",r.name="__tcfapiLocator",e.body.appendChild(r)}else setTimeout(t,5);return!o}(),n.__tcfapi=function(){for(var t=arguments.length,n=new Array(t),r=0;r 3&&2===parseInt(n[1],10)&&"boolean"==typeof n[3]&&(e=n[3],"function"==typeof n[2]&&n[2]("set",!0)):"ping"===n[0]?"function"==typeof n[2]&&n[2]({gdprApplies:e,cmpLoaded:!1,cmpStatus:"stub"}):o.push(n)},n.addEventListener("message",(function(t){var e="string"==typeof t.data,o={};if(e)try{o=JSON.parse(t.data)}catch(t){}else o=t.data;var n="object"===_typeof(o)&&null!==o?o.__tcfapiCall:null;n&&window.__tcfapi(n.command,n.version,(function(o,r){var a={__tcfapiReturn:{returnValue:o,success:r,callId:n.callId}};t&&t.source&&t.source.postMessage&&t.source.postMessage(e?JSON.stringify(a):a,"*")}),n.parameter)}),!1))};"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=t:t()}(); dataLayer = dataLayer || []; // Standard GTM initialization - Google Consent Mode handles consent automatically (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl+ '>m_auth=hzk0Vc3qFsQYhCrIoHz68A>m_preview=env-1>m_cookies_win=x';f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MWFK8L5J'); ;window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.init={distributed_tracing:{enabled:true},privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}}; ;NREUM.loader_config={accountID:"438030",trustKey:"438030",agentID:"772317073",licenseKey:"97f8f67f26",applicationID:"772317073"} ;NREUM.info={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",licenseKey:"97f8f67f26",applicationID:"772317073",sa:1} ;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.236.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{"use strict";var e,t,r={5763:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{P_:()=>l,Mt:()=>g,C5:()=>s,DL:()=>v,OP:()=>T,lF:()=>D,Yu:()=>y,Dg:()=>h,CX:()=>c,GE:()=>b,sU:()=>_});var n=r(8632),i=r(9567);const o={beacon:n.ce.beacon,errorBeacon:n.ce.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.D)(t,o),(0,n.Qy)(e,a[e],"info")}var u=r(7056);const d=()=>{const e={blockSelector:"[data-nr-block]",maskInputOptions:{password:!0}};return{allow_bfcache:!0,privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},ajax:{deny_list:void 0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},session:{domain:void 0,expiresMs:u.oD,inactiveMs:u.Hb},ssl:void 0,obfuscate:void 0,jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10},metrics:{enabled:!0},page_action:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30},page_view_event:{enabled:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,long_task:!1},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},session_replay:{enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,sampleRate:.1,errorSampleRate:.1,maskTextSelector:"*",maskAllInputs:!0,get blockClass(){return"nr-block"},get ignoreClass(){return"nr-ignore"},get maskTextClass(){return"nr-mask"},get blockSelector(){return e.blockSelector},set blockSelector(t){e.blockSelector+=",".concat(t)},get maskInputOptions(){return e.maskInputOptions},set maskInputOptions(t){e.maskInputOptions={...t,password:!0}}},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10}}},f={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");if(!f[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return f[e]}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");f[e]=(0,i.D)(t,d()),(0,n.Qy)(e,f[e],"config")}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");var r=l(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i {r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(50);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires an object as input");if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires a model to set its initial properties");const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occurred while setting a property of a Configurable",e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occured while setting a Configurable",e)}}},6818:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{Re:()=>i,gF:()=>o,q4:()=>n});const n="1.236.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},385:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{FN:()=>a,IF:()=>u,Nk:()=>f,Tt:()=>s,_A:()=>o,il:()=>n,pL:()=>c,v6:()=>i,w1:()=>d});const n="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,i="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),o=n?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),a=""+o?.location,s=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(navigator.userAgent),c=s&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,u=(()=>{const e=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),d=Boolean(n&&window.document.documentMode),f=!!navigator.sendBeacon},1117:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{w:()=>o});var n=r(50);const i={agentIdentifier:"",ee:void 0};class o{constructor(e){try{if("object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.Z)("shared context requires an object as input");this.sharedContext={},Object.assign(this.sharedContext,i),Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;Object.keys(i).includes(t)&&(this.sharedContext[t]=r)}))}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occured while setting SharedContext",e)}}}},8e3:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{L:()=>d,R:()=>c});var n=r(2177),i=r(1284),o=r(4322),a=r(3325);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:a.p[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e){e&&(s[e]||(s[e]=new Map))}function d(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:"",t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:"feature";if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t))return a(t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0;const r=[...s[e]];function a(t){const r=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,a=o.X.handlers;if(r.backlog&&a){var s=r.backlog[t],c=a[t];if(c){for(var u=0;s&&u {let[t,r]=e;return r.staged}))&&(r.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),r.forEach((e=>{let[t]=e;a(t)})))}function f(e,t){var r=e[1];(0,i.D)(t[r],(function(t,r){var n=e[0];if(r[0]===n){var i=r[1],o=e[3],a=e[2];i.apply(o,a)}}))}},2177:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{c:()=>f,ee:()=>u});var n=r(8632),i=r(2210),o=r(1284),a=r(5763),s="nr@context";let c=(0,n.fP)();var u;function d(){}function f(e){return(0,i.X)(e,s,l)}function l(){return new d}function h(){u.aborted=!0,u.backlog={}}c.ee?u=c.ee:(u=function e(t,r){var n={},c={},f={},g=!1;try{g=16===r.length&&(0,a.OP)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var p={on:b,addEventListener:b,removeEventListener:y,emit:v,get:x,listeners:w,context:m,buffer:A,abort:h,aborted:!1,isBuffering:E,debugId:r,backlog:g?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{}};return p;function m(e){return e&&e instanceof d?e:e?(0,i.X)(e,s,l):l()}function v(e,r,n,i,o){if(!1!==o&&(o=!0),!u.aborted||i){t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=m(n),s=w(e),d=s.length,f=0;fn,p:()=>i});var n=r(2177).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},4322:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{X:()=>o});var n=r(5546);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.E,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.E);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3239:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{bP:()=>s,iz:()=>c,m$:()=>a});var n=r(385);let i=!1,o=!1;try{const e={get passive(){return i=!0,!1},get signal(){return o=!0,!1}};n._A.addEventListener("test",null,e),n._A.removeEventListener("test",null,e)}catch(e){}function a(e,t){return i||o?{capture:!!e,passive:i,signal:t}:!!e}function s(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],n=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;window.addEventListener(e,t,a(r,n))}function c(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],n=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;document.addEventListener(e,t,a(r,n))}},4402:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{Ht:()=>u,M:()=>c,Rl:()=>a,ky:()=>s});var n=r(385);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n._A?.crypto||n._A?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,++r).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n._A?.crypto||n._A?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s {r.d(t,{Bq:()=>n,Hb:()=>o,oD:()=>i});const n="NRBA",i=144e5,o=18e5},7894:(e,t,r)=>{function n(){return Math.round(performance.now())}r.d(t,{z:()=>n})},7243:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{e:()=>o});var n=r(385),i={};function o(e){if(e in i)return i[e];if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};let t;var r=n._A?.location,o={};if(n.il)t=document.createElement("a"),t.href=e;else try{t=new URL(e,r.href)}catch(e){return o}o.port=t.port;var a=t.href.split("://");!o.port&&a[1]&&(o.port=a[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),o.port&&"0"!==o.port||(o.port="https"===a[0]?"443":"80"),o.hostname=t.hostname||r.hostname,o.pathname=t.pathname,o.protocol=a[0],"/"!==o.pathname.charAt(0)&&(o.pathname="/"+o.pathname);var s=!t.protocol||":"===t.protocol||t.protocol===r.protocol,c=t.hostname===r.hostname&&t.port===r.port;return o.sameOrigin=s&&(!t.hostname||c),"/"===o.pathname&&(i[e]=o),o}},50:(e,t,r)=>{function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.warn&&(console.warn("New Relic: ".concat(e)),t&&console.warn(t))}r.d(t,{Z:()=>n})},2587:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{N:()=>c,T:()=>u});var n=r(2177),i=r(5546),o=r(8e3),a=r(3325);const s={stn:[a.D.sessionTrace],err:[a.D.jserrors,a.D.metrics],ins:[a.D.pageAction],spa:[a.D.spa],sr:[a.D.sessionReplay,a.D.sessionTrace]};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);e&&"object"==typeof e&&(Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,n]=e;void 0===u[t]&&(s[t]?s[t].forEach((e=>{n?(0,i.p)("feat-"+t,[],void 0,e,r):(0,i.p)("block-"+t,[],void 0,e,r),(0,i.p)("rumresp-"+t,[Boolean(n)],void 0,e,r)})):n&&(0,i.p)("feat-"+t,[],void 0,void 0,r),u[t]=Boolean(n))})),Object.keys(s).forEach((e=>{void 0===u[e]&&(s[e]?.forEach((t=>(0,i.p)("rumresp-"+e,[!1],void 0,t,r))),u[e]=!1)})),(0,o.L)(t,a.D.pageViewEvent))}const u={}},2210:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{X:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},1284:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{D:()=>n});const n=(e,t)=>Object.entries(e||{}).map((e=>{let[r,n]=e;return t(r,n)}))},4351:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{P:()=>o});var n=r(2177);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}}},3960:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{K:()=>a,b:()=>o});var n=r(3239);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.bP)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.iz)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},8632:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{EZ:()=>u,Qy:()=>c,ce:()=>o,fP:()=>a,gG:()=>d,mF:()=>s});var n=r(7894),i=r(385);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return i._A.NREUM||(i._A.NREUM={}),void 0===i._A.newrelic&&(i._A.newrelic=i._A.NREUM),i._A.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:i._A.setTimeout,SI:i._A.setImmediate,CT:i._A.clearTimeout,XHR:i._A.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:i._A.Request,EV:i._A.Event,PR:i._A.Promise,MO:i._A.MutationObserver,FETCH:i._A.fetch}),e}function c(e,t,r){let i=a();const o=i.initializedAgents||{},s=o[e]||{};return Object.keys(s).length||(s.initializedAt={ms:(0,n.z)(),date:new Date}),i.initializedAgents={...o,[e]:{...s,[r]:t}},i}function u(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},7956:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{N:()=>i});var n=r(3239);function i(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]&&arguments[1],r=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,i=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;return void(0,n.iz)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"==document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},1214:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{em:()=>v,u5:()=>N,QU:()=>S,_L:()=>I,Gm:()=>L,Lg:()=>M,gy:()=>U,BV:()=>Q,Kf:()=>ee});var n=r(2177);const i="nr@original";var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,a=!1;function s(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");var a,s,c,u="-"===n.charAt(0);for(c=0;c 2?n-2:0),o=2;o {r(A[T],e,w),r(E[T],e,w)})),r(l._A,"fetch",y),t.on(y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(y+"done",[e],n)})),t}const O={},j=["pushState","replaceState"];function S(e){const t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("history")}(e);return!l.il||O[t.debugId]++||(O[t.debugId]=1,s(t).inPlace(window.history,j,"-")),t}var P=r(3239);const C={},R=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function I(e){const t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!l.il||C[t.debugId])return t;C[t.debugId]=!0;var r=s(t),i=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,o=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,a=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function c(e,t){var r=e.match(a),n=r[1],i=r[3];return i?c(i,t[n]):t[n]}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,R,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var n=(a=e.src,s=a.match(i),s?s[1]:null);var a,s;if(!n)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(o);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:c(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(n);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function f(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",f,(0,P.m$)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",l,(0,P.m$)(!1))}function l(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",f,(0,P.m$)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",l,(0,P.m$)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",f,(0,P.m$)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",l,(0,P.m$)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}var k=r(5763);const H={};function L(e){const t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!l.il||H[t.debugId])return t;H[t.debugId]=!0;var r=s(t),i=k.Yu.MO;return i&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof i?new i(r(e,"fn-")):i.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=i.prototype),t}const z={};function M(e){const t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(z[t.debugId])return t;z[t.debugId]=!0;var r=n.c,o=s(t),a=k.Yu.PR;return a&&function(){function e(r){var n=t.context(),i=o(r,"executor-",n,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(a,[i],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return n},s}l._A.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return a.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,a),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=a[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=a[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=a.prototype;const n=a.prototype.then;a.prototype.then=function(){var e=this,i=r(e);i.promise=e;for(var a=arguments.length,s=new Array(a),c=0;c e())),t};function m(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",E)}function b(){var e=this,t=r.context(e);e.readyState>3&&!t.resolved&&(t.resolved=!0,r.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,f,"fn-",E)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,p),p.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(p.prototype,J,"-xhr-",E),r.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){m(e,t),function(e){h.push(e),a&&(y?y.then(A):u?u(A):(w=-w,x.data=w))}(t)})),r.on("open-xhr-start",m),a){var y=c&&c.resolve();if(!u&&!c){var w=1,x=document.createTextNode(w);new a(A).observe(x,{characterData:!0})}}else t.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===d||A()}));function A(){for(var e=0;e {r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.ajax},6660:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{A:()=>i,t:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.jserrors,i="nr@seenError"},3081:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{gF:()=>o,mY:()=>i,t9:()=>n,vz:()=>s,xS:()=>a});const n=r(3325).D.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},4649:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.pageAction},7633:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{Dz:()=>i,OJ:()=>a,qw:()=>o,t9:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.pageViewEvent,i="firstbyte",o="domcontent",a="windowload"},9251:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.pageViewTiming},3614:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{BST_RESOURCE:()=>i,END:()=>s,FEATURE_NAME:()=>n,FN_END:()=>u,FN_START:()=>c,PUSH_STATE:()=>d,RESOURCE:()=>o,START:()=>a});const n=r(3325).D.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState"},7836:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{BODY:()=>A,CB_END:()=>E,CB_START:()=>u,END:()=>x,FEATURE_NAME:()=>i,FETCH:()=>_,FETCH_BODY:()=>v,FETCH_DONE:()=>m,FETCH_START:()=>p,FN_END:()=>c,FN_START:()=>s,INTERACTION:()=>l,INTERACTION_API:()=>d,INTERACTION_EVENTS:()=>o,JSONP_END:()=>b,JSONP_NODE:()=>g,JS_TIME:()=>T,MAX_TIMER_BUDGET:()=>a,REMAINING:()=>f,SPA_NODE:()=>h,START:()=>w,originalSetTimeout:()=>y});var n=r(5763);const i=r(3325).D.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",f="remaining",l="interaction",h="spaNode",g="jsonpNode",p="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=n.Yu.ST,w="-start",x="-end",A="-body",E="cb"+x,T="jsTime",_="fetch"},5938:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(5763),i=r(2177);class o{constructor(e,t,r){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.aggregator=t,this.ee=i.ee.get(e,(0,n.OP)(this.agentIdentifier).isolatedBacklog),this.featureName=r,this.blocked=!1}}},9144:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{j:()=>m});var n=r(3325),i=r(5763),o=r(5546),a=r(2177),s=r(7894),c=r(8e3),u=r(3960),d=r(385),f=r(50),l=r(3081),h=r(8632);function g(){const e=(0,h.gG)();["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId"].forEach((t=>{e[t]=function(){for(var r=arguments.length,n=new Array(r),i=0;i 1?r-1:0),i=1;i {e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&o.push(e.api[t](...n))})),o.length>1?o:o[0]}(t,...n)}}))}var p=r(2587);function m(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},m=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,v=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0,{init:b,info:y,loader_config:w,runtime:x={loaderType:m},exposed:A=!0}=t;const E=(0,h.gG)();y||(b=E.init,y=E.info,w=E.loader_config),(0,i.Dg)(e,b||{}),(0,i.GE)(e,w||{}),(0,i.sU)(e,x),y.jsAttributes??={},d.v6&&(y.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.CX)(e,y),g();const T=function(e,t){t||(0,c.R)(e,"api");const h={};var g=a.ee.get(e),p=g.get("tracer"),m="api-",v=m+"ixn-";function b(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.C5)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.CX)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),x(m,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function y(){}["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"].forEach((e=>h[e]=x(m,e,!0,"api"))),h.addPageAction=x(m,"addPageAction",!0,n.D.pageAction),h.setCurrentRouteName=x(m,"routeName",!0,n.D.spa),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,i.OP)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,x(m,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return b(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,f.Z)("Failed to execute setCustomAttribute.\nNon-null value must be a string or number type, but a type of was provided."))}else(0,f.Z)("Failed to execute setCustomAttribute.\nName must be a string type, but a type of was provided."))},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return b("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,f.Z)("Failed to execute setUserId.\nNon-null value must be a string type, but a type of was provided."))},h.interaction=function(){return(new y).get()};var w=y.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,a="function"==typeof t;return(0,o.p)(v+"tracer",[(0,s.z)(),e,r],i,n.D.spa,g),function(){if(p.emit((a?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,s.z)(),i,a],r),a)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){throw p.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,"string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e],r),e}finally{p.emit("fn-end",[(0,s.z)()],r)}}}};function x(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,o.p)(l.xS,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,g),i&&(0,o.p)(e+t,[(0,s.z)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,g),r?void 0:this}}function A(){r.e(439).then(r.bind(r,7438)).then((t=>{let{setAPI:r}=t;r(e),(0,c.L)(e,"api")})).catch((()=>(0,f.Z)("Downloading runtime APIs failed...")))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{w[e]=x(v,e,void 0,n.D.spa)})),h.noticeError=function(e,t){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),(0,o.p)(l.xS,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,g),(0,o.p)("err",[e,(0,s.z)(),!1,t],void 0,n.D.jserrors,g)},d.il?(0,u.b)((()=>A()),!0):A(),h}(e,v);return(0,h.Qy)(e,T,"api"),(0,h.Qy)(e,A,"exposed"),(0,h.EZ)("activatedFeatures",p.T),T}},3325:(e,t,r)=>{r.d(t,{D:()=>n,p:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",jserrors:"jserrors",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.ajax]:5,[n.sessionTrace]:6,[n.pageAction]:7,[n.spa]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>(({78:"page_action-aggregate",147:"metrics-aggregate",242:"session-manager",317:"jserrors-aggregate",348:"page_view_timing-aggregate",412:"lazy-feature-loader",439:"async-api",538:"recorder",590:"session_replay-aggregate",675:"compressor",733:"session_trace-aggregate",786:"page_view_event-aggregate",873:"spa-aggregate",898:"ajax-aggregate"}[e]||e)+"."+{78:"ac76d497",147:"3dc53903",148:"1a20d5fe",242:"2a64278a",317:"49e41428",348:"bd6de33a",412:"2f55ce66",439:"30bd804e",538:"1b18459f",590:"cf0efb30",675:"ae9f91a8",733:"83105561",786:"06482edd",860:"03a8b7a5",873:"e6b09d52",898:"998ef92b"}[e]+"-1.236.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d {s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(h);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},h=setTimeout(l.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=l.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=l.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.j=364,i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={364:0,953:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u {i.r(o);var e=i(3325),t=i(5763);const r=Object.values(e.D);function n(e){const n={};return r.forEach((r=>{n[r]=function(e,r){return!1!==(0,t.Mt)(r,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),n}var a=i(9144);var s=i(5546),c=i(385),u=i(8e3),d=i(5938),f=i(3960),l=i(50);class h extends d.W{constructor(e,t,r){let n=!(arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3])||arguments[3];super(e,t,r),this.auto=n,this.abortHandler,this.featAggregate,this.onAggregateImported,n&&(0,u.R)(e,r)}importAggregator(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;const r=c.il&&!0===(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"privacy.cookies_enabled");let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let t;try{if(r){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await Promise.all([i.e(860),i.e(242)]).then(i.bind(i,3228));t=e(this.agentIdentifier)}}catch(e){(0,l.Z)("A problem occurred when starting up session manager. This page will not start or extend any session.",e)}try{if(!this.shouldImportAgg(this.featureName,t))return void(0,u.L)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName);const{lazyFeatureLoader:r}=await i.e(412).then(i.bind(i,8582)),{Aggregate:o}=await r(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new o(this.agentIdentifier,this.aggregator,e),n(!0)}catch(e){(0,l.Z)("Downloading and initializing ".concat(this.featureName," failed..."),e),this.abortHandler?.(),n(!1)}};c.il?(0,f.b)((()=>o()),!0):o()}shouldImportAgg(r,n){return r!==e.D.sessionReplay||!1!==(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"session_trace.enabled")&&(!!n?.isNew||!!n?.state.sessionReplay)}}var g=i(7633),p=i(7894);class m extends h{static featureName=g.t9;constructor(r,n){let i=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];if(super(r,n,g.t9,i),("undefined"==typeof PerformanceNavigationTiming||c.Tt)&&"undefined"!=typeof PerformanceTiming){const n=(0,t.OP)(r);n[g.Dz]=Math.max(Date.now()-n.offset,0),(0,f.K)((()=>n[g.qw]=Math.max((0,p.z)()-n[g.Dz],0))),(0,f.b)((()=>{const t=(0,p.z)();n[g.OJ]=Math.max(t-n[g.Dz],0),(0,s.p)("timing",["load",t],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}))}this.importAggregator()}}var v=i(1117),b=i(1284);class y extends v.w{constructor(e){super(e),this.aggregatedData={}}store(e,t,r,n,i){var o=this.getBucket(e,t,r,i);return o.metrics=function(e,t){t||(t={count:0});return t.count+=1,(0,b.D)(e,(function(e,r){t[e]=w(r,t[e])})),t}(n,o.metrics),o}merge(e,t,r,n,i){var o=this.getBucket(e,t,n,i);if(o.metrics){var a=o.metrics;a.count+=r.count,(0,b.D)(r,(function(e,t){if("count"!==e){var n=a[e],i=r[e];i&&!i.c?a[e]=w(i.t,n):a[e]=function(e,t){if(!t)return e;t.c||(t=x(t.t));return t.min=Math.min(e.min,t.min),t.max=Math.max(e.max,t.max),t.t+=e.t,t.sos+=e.sos,t.c+=e.c,t}(i,a[e])}}))}else o.metrics=r}storeMetric(e,t,r,n){var i=this.getBucket(e,t,r);return i.stats=w(n,i.stats),i}getBucket(e,t,r,n){this.aggregatedData[e]||(this.aggregatedData[e]={});var i=this.aggregatedData[e][t];return i||(i=this.aggregatedData[e][t]={params:r||{}},n&&(i.custom=n)),i}get(e,t){return t?this.aggregatedData[e]&&this.aggregatedData[e][t]:this.aggregatedData[e]}take(e){for(var t={},r="",n=!1,i=0;i t.max&&(t.max=e),e 2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,r,j.t,n),c.il&&((0,t.OP)(e).initHidden=Boolean("hidden"===document.visibilityState),(0,N.N)((()=>(0,s.p)("docHidden",[(0,p.z)()],void 0,j.t,this.ee)),!0),(0,O.bP)("pagehide",(()=>(0,s.p)("winPagehide",[(0,p.z)()],void 0,j.t,this.ee))),this.importAggregator())}}var P=i(3081);class C extends h{static featureName=P.t9;constructor(e,t){let r=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,P.t9,r),this.importAggregator()}}var R,I=i(2210),k=i(1214),H=i(2177),L={};try{R=localStorage.getItem("__nr_flags").split(","),console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&(L.console=!0,-1!==R.indexOf("dev")&&(L.dev=!0),-1!==R.indexOf("nr_dev")&&(L.nrDev=!0))}catch(e){}function z(e){try{L.console&&z(e)}catch(e){}}L.nrDev&&H.ee.on("internal-error",(function(e){z(e.stack)})),L.dev&&H.ee.on("fn-err",(function(e,t,r){z(r.stack)})),L.dev&&(z("NR AGENT IN DEVELOPMENT MODE"),z("flags: "+(0,b.D)(L,(function(e,t){return e})).join(", ")));var M=i(6660);class B extends h{static featureName=M.t;constructor(r,n){let i=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(r,n,M.t,i),this.skipNext=0;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}const o=this;o.ee.on("fn-start",(function(e,t,r){o.abortHandler&&(o.skipNext+=1)})),o.ee.on("fn-err",(function(t,r,n){o.abortHandler&&!n[M.A]&&((0,I.X)(n,M.A,(function(){return!0})),this.thrown=!0,(0,s.p)("err",[n,(0,p.z)()],void 0,e.D.jserrors,o.ee))})),o.ee.on("fn-end",(function(){o.abortHandler&&!this.thrown&&o.skipNext>0&&(o.skipNext-=1)})),o.ee.on("internal-error",(function(t){(0,s.p)("ierr",[t,(0,p.z)(),!0],void 0,e.D.jserrors,o.ee)})),this.origOnerror=c._A.onerror,c._A.onerror=this.onerrorHandler.bind(this),c._A.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(t=>{const r=function(e){let t="Unhandled Promise Rejection: ";if(e instanceof Error)try{return e.message=t+e.message,e}catch(t){return e}if(void 0===e)return new Error(t);try{return new Error(t+(0,D.P)(e))}catch(e){return new Error(t)}}(t.reason);(0,s.p)("err",[r,(0,p.z)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1}],void 0,e.D.jserrors,this.ee)}),(0,O.m$)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),(0,k.gy)(this.ee),(0,k.BV)(this.ee),(0,k.em)(this.ee),(0,t.OP)(r).xhrWrappable&&(0,k.Kf)(this.ee),this.abortHandler=this.#e,this.importAggregator()}#e(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}onerrorHandler(t,r,n,i,o){"function"==typeof this.origOnerror&&this.origOnerror(...arguments);try{this.skipNext?this.skipNext-=1:(0,s.p)("err",[o||new F(t,r,n),(0,p.z)()],void 0,e.D.jserrors,this.ee)}catch(t){try{(0,s.p)("ierr",[t,(0,p.z)(),!0],void 0,e.D.jserrors,this.ee)}catch(e){}}return!1}}function F(e,t,r){this.message=e||"Uncaught error with no additional information",this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r}let U=1;const q="nr@id";function G(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===c._A?0:(0,I.X)(e,q,(function(){return U++}))}function V(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,D.P)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var X=i(7243);class W{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.generateTracePayload=this.generateTracePayload.bind(this),this.shouldGenerateTrace=this.shouldGenerateTrace.bind(this)}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var r=(0,t.DL)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!r)return null;var n=(r.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(r.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(r.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,_.M)(),s=(0,_.Ht)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof c._A?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,D.P)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var r=!1,n={};if((0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(n=(0,t.P_)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)r=!0;else if(n.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var i=0;i 2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(r,n,Z.t,i),(0,t.OP)(r).xhrWrappable&&(this.dt=new W(r),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,s.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee),(0,k.u5)(this.ee),(0,k.Kf)(this.ee),function(r,n,i,o){function a(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=E,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){_(t,e)}),(0,O.m$)(!1)),c.IF||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,O.m$)(!1))}function s(e){this.params={method:e[0]},T(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function u(e,n){var i=(0,t.DL)(r);i.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&n.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",i.xpid);var a=o.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(a){var s=!1;a.newrelicHeader&&(n.setRequestHeader("newrelic",a.newrelicHeader),s=!0),a.traceContextParentHeader&&(n.setRequestHeader("traceparent",a.traceContextParentHeader),a.traceContextStateHeader&&n.setRequestHeader("tracestate",a.traceContextStateHeader),s=!0),s&&(this.dt=a)}}function d(e,t){var r=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(r&&i){var a=V(i);a&&(r.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,p.z)(),this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof t.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(t)}catch(e){try{n.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s 1?e[1]=i:e.push(i)}else e[0]&&e[0].headers&&s(e[0].headers,n)&&(this.dt=n);function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function x(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,p.z)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof Y?r=i.url:c._A?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),T(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof Y&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.txSize=V(n.body)||0}function A(t,r){var n;this.endTime=(0,p.z)(),this.params||(this.params={}),this.params.status=r?r.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);var o={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,p.z)()-this.startTime};i("xhr",[this.params,o,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,e.D.ajax)}function E(t){var r=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(var o=0;o 2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,we.t,r),this.importAggregator()}}new class{constructor(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:(0,_.ky)(16);c._A?(this.agentIdentifier=t,this.sharedAggregator=new y({agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier}),this.features={},this.desiredFeatures=new Set(e.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(m),Object.assign(this,(0,a.j)(this.agentIdentifier,e,e.loaderType||"agent")),this.start()):(0,l.Z)("Failed to initial the agent. Could not determine the runtime environment.")}get config(){return{info:(0,t.C5)(this.agentIdentifier),init:(0,t.P_)(this.agentIdentifier),loader_config:(0,t.DL)(this.agentIdentifier),runtime:(0,t.OP)(this.agentIdentifier)}}start(){const t="features";try{const r=n(this.agentIdentifier),i=[...this.desiredFeatures];i.sort(((t,r)=>e.p[t.featureName]-e.p[r.featureName])),i.forEach((t=>{if(r[t.featureName]||t.featureName===e.D.pageViewEvent){const n=function(t){switch(t){case e.D.ajax:return[e.D.jserrors];case e.D.sessionTrace:return[e.D.ajax,e.D.pageViewEvent];case e.D.sessionReplay:return[e.D.sessionTrace];case e.D.pageViewTiming:return[e.D.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(t.featureName);n.every((e=>r[e]))||(0,l.Z)("".concat(t.featureName," is enabled but one or more dependent features has been disabled (").concat((0,D.P)(n),"). This may cause unintended consequences or missing data...")),this.features[t.featureName]=new t(this.agentIdentifier,this.sharedAggregator)}})),(0,T.Qy)(this.agentIdentifier,this.features,t)}catch(e){(0,l.Z)("Failed to initialize all enabled instrument classes (agent aborted) -",e);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,T.fP)();return delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.[t],delete this.sharedAggregator,r.ee?.abort(),delete r.ee?.get(this.agentIdentifier),!1}}}({features:[J,m,S,class extends h{static featureName=oe;constructor(t,r){if(super(t,r,oe,!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2]),!c.il)return;const n=this.ee;let i;(0,k.QU)(n),this.eventsEE=(0,k.em)(n),this.eventsEE.on(se,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,p.z)()})),this.eventsEE.on(ae,(function(t,r){(0,s.p)("bst",[t[0],r,this.bstStart,(0,p.z)()],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)})),n.on(ce+ne,(function(e){this.time=(0,p.z)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),n.on(ce+ie,(function(t){(0,s.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)}));try{i=new PerformanceObserver((t=>{const r=t.getEntries();(0,s.p)(te,[r],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)})),i.observe({type:re,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator({resourceObserver:i})}},C,xe,B,class extends h{static featureName=de;constructor(e,r){if(super(e,r,de,!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2]),!c.il)return;if(!(0,t.OP)(e).xhrWrappable)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let n,i=0;const o=this.ee.get("tracer"),a=(0,k._L)(this.ee),s=(0,k.Lg)(this.ee),u=(0,k.BV)(this.ee),d=(0,k.Kf)(this.ee),f=this.ee.get("events"),l=(0,k.u5)(this.ee),h=(0,k.QU)(this.ee),g=(0,k.Gm)(this.ee);function m(e,t){h.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function v(){i++,n=window.location.hash,this[ve]=(0,p.z)()}function b(){i--,window.location.hash!==n&&m(0,!0);var e=(0,p.z)();this[pe]=~~this[pe]+e-this[ve],this[ye]=e}function y(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,p.z)()}))}this.ee.on(ve,v),s.on(be,v),a.on(be,v),this.ee.on(ye,b),s.on(ge,b),a.on(ge,b),this.ee.buffer([ve,ye,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),f.buffer([ve],this.featureName),u.buffer(["setTimeout"+le,"clearTimeout"+fe,ve],this.featureName),d.buffer([ve,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+fe],this.featureName),l.buffer([me+fe,me+"-done",me+he+fe,me+he+le],this.featureName),h.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),g.buffer([ve],this.featureName),s.buffer(["propagate",be,ge,"executor-err","resolve"+fe],this.featureName),o.buffer([ve,"no-"+ve],this.featureName),a.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),y(l,me+fe),y(l,me+"-done"),y(a,"new-jsonp"),y(a,"jsonp-end"),y(a,"cb-start"),h.on("pushState-end",m),h.on("replaceState-end",m),window.addEventListener("hashchange",m,(0,O.m$)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",m,(0,O.m$)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){m(0,i>1)}),(0,O.m$)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#e,this.importAggregator()}#e(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}],loaderType:"spa"})})(),window.NRBA=o})(); window.jQuery || document.write(' ') CKEDITOR_BASEPATH='https://f1000research.com/js/vendor/ckeditor/' window.reactTheme = 'research'; window.MathJax = { CommonHTML: { linebreaks: { automatic: true } }, 'HTML-CSS': { linebreaks: { automatic: true } }, SVG: { linebreaks: { automatic: true } }, AuthorInit: function() { MathJax.Hub.Register.MessageHook('End Process', function () { let timeout = false; // holder for timeout id const delay = 250; // delay after event is "complete" to run callback const reflowMath = function() { const dispFormulas = document.querySelectorAll('.disp-formula.panel'); if (!dispFormulas) { return; } for (const dispFormula of dispFormulas) { const child = dispFormula.querySelector('.MathJax_Preview').nextSibling.firstChild; const isMultiline = MathJax.Hub.getAllJax(dispFormula)[0].root.isMultiline; if (dispFormula.offsetWidth < child.offsetWidth || isMultiline) { MathJax.Hub.Queue(['Rerender', MathJax.Hub, dispFormula]); } } }; window.addEventListener('resize', function() { clearTimeout(timeout); // clear the timeout timeout = setTimeout(reflowMath, delay); // start timing for event "completion" }); }); }, }; if (window.location.hash == '#_=_'){ window.location = window.location.href.split('#')[0] } !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function() {n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)} ;if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '1641728616063202'); fbq('track', "PixelInitialized", {}); (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:2318163,hjsv:6}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); search file_upload Submit your research search menu close search Browse Gateways & Collections How to Publish Submit your Research My Submissions Article Guidelines Article Guidelines (New Versions) Open Data, Software and Code Guidelines Open Data and Accessible Source Materials Guidelines (HSS) Open Data, Software and Code Guidelines (PSE) Prepublication Checks Production Process Posters and Slides Guidelines Document Guidelines Article Processing Charges Peer Review Finding Article Reviewers About How it Works For Reviewers Our Advisors Policies Glossary FAQs For Developers Newsroom Contact My Research Submissions Content and Tracking Alerts My Details Sign In file_upload Submit your research { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307" }, "headline": "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over...", "datePublished": "2024-10-31T18:49:40", "dateModified": "2025-05-09T09:49:41", "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Karen Llajaida Cabanillas-Yllesca" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Karla Lucero Avalos-Baltodano" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Roberto A. León-Manco" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "María Claudia Garcés-Elías" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Cesar D. Rojas-Senador" } ], "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "F1000Research", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://f1000research.com/img/AMP/F1000Research_image.png", "height": 480, "width": 60 } }, "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://f1000research.com/img/AMP/F1000Research_image.png", "height": 1200, "width": 150 }, "description": " Background Terminal efficiency (TE), the proportion of students completing academic programs within the expected timeframe, is a critical metric for assessing postgraduate health education quality, yet it remains underexplored in Latin American dental specialties. Efficient training is vital for producing competent professionals to meet regional healthcare demands. This study aimed to determine the TE of Peruvian university students in second specialty dental programs at a Peruvian university from 2017 to 2023. Methods A longitudinal, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 257 complete records from the university institutional repository. Inclusion criteria encompassed full documentation of admission, academic status, and graduation dates. TE was calculated as the time from document submission to graduation, categorized as ≤1 year or ≥2 years. Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, Poisson regression, and hierarchical multiple linear regression on log-transformed TE. Results: Mean TE was 0.93 years (SD=1.22), with 72.37% of students (n=186) completing within ≤1 year. Significant variations were observed by submission year (p=0.001) and specialty (p<0.001), with Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (0.30 years) outperforming Periodontics and Implantology (1.76 years). The submission year was the only significant predictor of mean TE (β=0.144, p<0.001). Conclusion Dental programs of a Peruvian university demonstrate robust TE, though specialty-specific and temporal disparities highlight areas for improvement. Targeted interventions, such as streamlined thesis processes and specialty-specific support, could enhance efficiency, informing educational policy in Latin America. " } { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": "1", "item": { "@id": "https://f1000research.com/", "name": "Home" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": "2", "item": { "@id": "https://f1000research.com/browse/articles", "name": "Browse" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": "3", "item": { "@id": "https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2", "name": "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second..." } } ] } Home Browse Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second... ALL Metrics - Views Downloads Get PDF Get XML Cite How to cite this article Cabanillas-Yllesca KL, Avalos-Baltodano KL, León-Manco RA et al. Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.2 ) NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. Close Copy Citation Details Export Export Citation Sciwheel EndNote Ref. Manager Bibtex ProCite Sente EXPORT Select a format first Track Share ▬ ✚ Research Article Revised Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] Karen Llajaida Cabanillas-Yllesca https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2214-1484 1 , Karla Lucero Avalos-Baltodano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-2460 1 , Roberto A. León-Manco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9641-1047 1 , María Claudia Garcés-Elías https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-7661 1 , Cesar D. Rojas-Senador https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6763-9370 1 Karen Llajaida Cabanillas-Yllesca https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2214-1484 1 , Karla Lucero Avalos-Baltodano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-2460 1 , [...] Roberto A. León-Manco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9641-1047 1 , María Claudia Garcés-Elías https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-7661 1 , Cesar D. Rojas-Senador https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6763-9370 1 PUBLISHED 09 May 2025 Author details Author details 1 Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru Karen Llajaida Cabanillas-Yllesca Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology Karla Lucero Avalos-Baltodano Roles: Investigation, Resources Roberto A. León-Manco Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing María Claudia Garcés-Elías Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing Cesar D. Rojas-Senador Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Writing – Review & Editing OPEN PEER REVIEW DETAILS REVIEWER STATUS Abstract Background Terminal efficiency (TE), the proportion of students completing academic programs within the expected timeframe, is a critical metric for assessing postgraduate health education quality, yet it remains underexplored in Latin American dental specialties. Efficient training is vital for producing competent professionals to meet regional healthcare demands. This study aimed to determine the TE of Peruvian university students in second specialty dental programs at a Peruvian university from 2017 to 2023. Methods A longitudinal, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 257 complete records from the university institutional repository. Inclusion criteria encompassed full documentation of admission, academic status, and graduation dates. TE was calculated as the time from document submission to graduation, categorized as ≤1 year or ≥2 years. Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, Poisson regression, and hierarchical multiple linear regression on log-transformed TE. Results: Mean TE was 0.93 years (SD=1.22), with 72.37% of students (n=186) completing within ≤1 year. Significant variations were observed by submission year (p=0.001) and specialty (p<0.001), with Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (0.30 years) outperforming Periodontics and Implantology (1.76 years). The submission year was the only significant predictor of mean TE (β=0.144, p<0.001). Conclusion Dental programs of a Peruvian university demonstrate robust TE, though specialty-specific and temporal disparities highlight areas for improvement. Targeted interventions, such as streamlined thesis processes and specialty-specific support, could enhance efficiency, informing educational policy in Latin America. READ ALL READ LESS Keywords Education, Efficiency, Students, Dentistry, Universities Corresponding Author(s) Cesar D. Rojas-Senador ( [email protected] ) Close Corresponding author: Cesar D. Rojas-Senador Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information: The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Copyright: © 2025 Cabanillas-Yllesca KL et al . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. How to cite: Cabanillas-Yllesca KL, Avalos-Baltodano KL, León-Manco RA et al. Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.2 ) First published: 31 Oct 2024, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.1 ) Latest published: 09 May 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.2 ) Revised Amendments from Version 1 The revised manuscript "Terminal Efficiency of Peruvian University Students in Second Specialty Programs of a Dental School Over Seven Years" has been enhanced in clarity, scientific rigor, and relevance. The Introduction and Discussion sections have been streamlined by simplifying complex sentences to improve readability while preserving scientific accuracy. The Results section now includes additional graphs and refined tables to present key findings more effectively. We have strengthened the literature review by incorporating recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education. To address the limitations of the cross-sectional design, we conducted multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission, with results integrated into the revised Results and Discussion sections. The Methods section has been expanded to detail data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, confirm the absence of missing data, and clarify sensitivity analyses, including outlier management and logarithmic transformations. Statistical test rationales (Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis) are now justified, with effect sizes and post hoc analyses detailed for practical significance. The Discussion explicitly addresses study limitations, including the single-institution focus and cross-sectional design, and includes a new subsection on practical implications for educational policy. The impact of external factors, such as COVID-19, is thoroughly analyzed with supporting data trends. Finally, the Conclusions have been tempered to reflect the exploratory nature of the study, ensuring alignment with the revised findings and limitations. These changes enhance the manuscript’s clarity, robustness, and applicability to dental education research. The revised manuscript "Terminal Efficiency of Peruvian University Students in Second Specialty Programs of a Dental School Over Seven Years" has been enhanced in clarity, scientific rigor, and relevance. The Introduction and Discussion sections have been streamlined by simplifying complex sentences to improve readability while preserving scientific accuracy. The Results section now includes additional graphs and refined tables to present key findings more effectively. We have strengthened the literature review by incorporating recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education. To address the limitations of the cross-sectional design, we conducted multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission, with results integrated into the revised Results and Discussion sections. The Methods section has been expanded to detail data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, confirm the absence of missing data, and clarify sensitivity analyses, including outlier management and logarithmic transformations. Statistical test rationales (Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis) are now justified, with effect sizes and post hoc analyses detailed for practical significance. The Discussion explicitly addresses study limitations, including the single-institution focus and cross-sectional design, and includes a new subsection on practical implications for educational policy. The impact of external factors, such as COVID-19, is thoroughly analyzed with supporting data trends. Finally, the Conclusions have been tempered to reflect the exploratory nature of the study, ensuring alignment with the revised findings and limitations. These changes enhance the manuscript’s clarity, robustness, and applicability to dental education research. See the authors' detailed response to the review by Avita Rath READ REVIEWER RESPONSES Introduction Higher education in health sciences is essential for training specialized professionals who contribute to national development through scientific, technical, and cultural advancements. Universities serve as key institutions in this process, providing the education and innovation required to equip professionals with the competencies needed to excel in their fields and address societal demands. 1 In Peru, the demand for advanced education in health sciences, particularly dentistry, has risen sharply in recent years, reflecting the growing need for skilled practitioners in a competitive healthcare landscape. 2 This trend underscores the critical importance of efficient academic programs that enable students to complete their training and obtain professional titles promptly, thereby enhancing their ability to contribute to public health and national progress. Efficiency in higher education is a multifaceted concept, often evaluated through indicators that assess the quality and timeliness of academic outcomes. Among these, terminal efficiency (TE) stands out as a vital metric, defined as the proportion of students who complete their academic programs and obtain their professional titles within the expected timeframe. 3 In postgraduate settings, where specialized training is both intensive and time-sensitive, TE serves as a key measure of program effectiveness, reflecting the ability of institutions to prepare graduates for professional practice. 4 In dental education, TE is particularly significant, as it indicates how well specialty programs produce competent professionals capable of meeting complex oral health challenges. Despite its importance, research on TE in postgraduate dental programs remains limited, especially in Peru and the broader Latin American context. While studies have explored TE at the undergraduate level, postgraduate programs—such as second specialty programs in dentistry—have received scant attention. 5 These programs are critical for developing advanced expertise, yet they face unique challenges, including delays in degree completion due to research requirements, institutional processes, or external factors like the COVID-19 pandemic. 6 In Peru, where the University Law (Law No. 30220) mandates specific academic requirements for second specialty degrees, including a minimum of two semesters with a minimum content of forty academic credits and a thesis or academic paper, understanding TE is essential for optimizing educational quality and addressing regional gaps in the literature. 7 This study aims to determine the terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students enrolled in second specialty programs at the dental school of a Peruvian university over a seven-year period (2017–2023). The seven-year timeframe was selected to capture trends and assess the impact of external disruptions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which altered educational and administrative processes globally. 8 By examining TE in this context, the study provides a comprehensive evaluation of program efficiency at a leading Peruvian institution and focus on postgraduate dental education in Peru, an underexplored area despite its relevance to educational policy and public health. Methods Study design For this study, a cross-sectional design was proposed, with the population consisting of all document records submitted for obtaining a title of second professional specialty in each of the programs offered by the Postgraduate and Specialization Unit of the Dental School in the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH) in Lima, Peru, published in the institutional repository, a digital archive of academic documents, between 2017 and 2023. The decision was made to work with the entire population; therefore, no sample size was determined. The study encompassed records of all students enrolled in second professional specialty programs at UPCH from 2017 to 2023, subject to specific selection criteria. Inclusion required complete documentation of program admission date, academic status, and graduation date for those who completed the program. Conversely, records with incomplete or inconsistent information in the above fields were excluded. Furthermore, the study omitted records of exchange students and those who transferred from other universities during the specified period. As all 258 records met the inclusion criteria, the entire population was analyzed, eliminating sampling bias. Variables This research considered terminal efficiency (TE) as both a quantitative and qualitative variable. Additionally, some covariates were included, such as the year of formal document submission, the mode of document preparation, the second professional specialty in dentistry, and sex. TE, as a quantitative variable or mean TE, was calculated from the difference in years between the formal submission of the document to obtain the title of second professional specialty to an expert jury, verified with the publication in the institutional repository of UPCH, and the student’s graduation year. As a qualitative variable or categorized TE, two categories were considered: “Up to 1 year” when TE was less than or equal to 1, and “2 years or more” when TE was greater than or equal to 2. The mode of document preparation, as a qualitative variable, considered two categories: “Individual” when the document to obtain the title of second professional specialty in dentistry was prepared by a single student, and “Collective” when the document was prepared by two students or more. The second professional specialty in dentistry, as a qualitative variable, considered twelve categories: “Dental Auditing”, “Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery”, “Endodontics”, “Special Patients Stomatology”, “Integral Oral Implantology”, “Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry”, “Pediatric Dentistry”, “Orthodontics and Maxillary Orthopedics”, “Periodontics and Implantology”, “Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology”, “Oral Rehabilitation”, and “Dental Public Health” which are part of the Peruvian list of recognized dental specialties in Article 26th of the Regulation of the Dentist’s Labor Law, Law No. 27878, amended in 2020 by Supreme Decree No. 023-2020-SA. 9 Data collection Data were sourced from the UPCH institutional repository, a public digital archive of documents submitted for second professional specialty titles (2017–2023). All 258 records meeting the inclusion criteria (complete admission, status, and graduation data) were extracted, with no exclusions, ensuring no selection bias. Two researchers extracted data (sex, year of submission, mode of preparation, specialty) from repository metadata and full-text documents, using a structured protocol. Graduation years were obtained via a formal request to the repository administration. Data were recorded in Microsoft Excel 365 with unique identifiers for anonymity. During cleaning, data completeness was verified by confirming that all records contained values for each variable (sex, year, mode, specialty, graduation year). No missing or incomplete data were identified, as all records met the inclusion criteria and repository entries were fully documented. To ensure this, the researchers cross-checked each record against metadata and full-text files, resolving any discrepancies through consensus or consultation with a third researcher. Standardized formats were applied (e.g., dates as YYYY, specialty names per Law No. 27878). A random 10% sample (n=26) was cross-checked against original repository entries, and graduation years were validated with UPCH academic records. No missing data or inconsistencies were found, confirming the dataset's completeness. Data were anonymized per ethical approval (CONSTANCIA-CIEI-428-39-23). Data analysis Sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. Outliers were identified using the interquartile range method as TE values below -3 years or above 5 years (Q1 − 1.5 × IQR or Q3 + 1.5 × IQR). 10 One record with a mean TE of 6 years was excluded, but its removal did not alter the direction or significance of the findings, confirming the robustness of the results. No missing or incomplete data were identified, as all 257 records met the inclusion criteria and were fully documented in the repository. The descriptive analysis provided absolute and relative. For the bivariate analysis, associations were evaluated using the Chi-square statistical test; additionally, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the data distribution (p < 0.001), and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, with the corresponding post hoc test, were employed to determine differences between groups. The chi-square test was used to determine if there is a significant association between two categorical variables. 11 The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to identify differences between the summary measures (medians) of dichotomous covariate categories (mode of document preparation and sex), as these categories divided the sample into two groups with independent measures. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to detect differences between the summary measures (medians) of polytomous covariate categories (year of formal document submission and second professional specialty in dentistry), which divided the sample into more than two groups with independent measures. 12 For multivariate analysis, Poisson regression was employed to estimate crude (PR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR). This method is primarily used for modeling count data, where the response variable represents counts of events, and it is useful for binary outcome analysis to estimate adjusted risk and prevalence ratios. 13 , 14 In cross-sectional studies, it is often preferable to estimate prevalence ratios rather than odds ratios, especially when the outcome is not rare. 14 Two models were generated: a crude model (with year of formal document submission as the independent variable and categorized TE as the dependent variable) and an adjusted model incorporating covariates (mode of document preparation, second professional specialty in dentistry, and sex). Additionally, a hierarchical multiple linear regression was developed; this statistical method analyzes data with a hierarchical structure, allowing for the inclusion of predictor variables at multiple levels of analysis while considering variance at each level. This method examines a continuous dependent variable to elucidate relationships between predictors and the dependent variable. 15 Given these characteristics, a variance inflation factor (VIF) test was performed to assess multicollinearity among the covariates. The results indicated values of less than 5 (VIF < 5), confirming that it was unnecessary to eliminate any variables. Consequently, the hierarchical multiple linear regression was deemed suitable for this study, facilitating the construction of models relating the independent variables to mean TE, as analyzed across the entire dataset. Before this analysis, a logarithmic transformation was applied to the dependent variable due to its lack of normal distribution, which constrained the use of multiple linear regression as part of the proposed analytical statistics for this study. It is important to note that the application of logarithmic transformation is supported in various investigations, including those by Feng et al. in 2013, and Habibzadeh in 2024, which indicate that transforming a dataset with a non-normal distribution into one approximating normality is preferable, as statistical tests assuming normality typically yield more efficient inferences. 16 , 17 The dataset with 257 records, as no missing or incomplete data were identified during extraction and cleaning, ensuring a complete dataset for all variables (sex, year, mode, specialty, graduation year), was imported into STATA v. 18.0 for analysis. Microsoft Excel 365 was used to organize and present the results in tables. The study considered a 95% confidence level and a p-value <0.05 to determine statistical significance. Results The terminal efficiency (TE) of 257 Peruvian university students enrolled in second specialty programs at the dental school of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia from 2017 to 2023 was analyzed. All records, sourced from the institutional repository, contained complete data with no exclusions due to missing or inconsistent information. Categorically, TE was achieved within one year by 72.37% of students (n = 186), while 27.63% (n = 71) required two years or more ( Table 1 ). The mean TE was calculated as 0.93 years (SD = 1.22), with a median of 1.00 year (IQR = 2.00) ( Table 2 ). Table 1. Categorized terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second professional specialty programs of a dental school over seven years. Variables n % Categorized terminal efficiency Up to 1 year 2 years and older p n % n % Total 257 100.00 186 72.37 71 27.63 Year of formal document submission 2017 25 9.73 21 84.00 4 16.00 0.067 * 2018 33 12.84 30 90.91 3 9.09 2019 42 16.34 25 59.52 17 40.48 2020 54 21.01 39 72.22 15 27.78 2021 39 15.18 28 71.79 11 28.21 2022 29 11.28 19 65.52 10 34.48 2023 35 13.62 24 68.57 11 31.43 Mode of document preparation Individual 155 60.31 111 71.61 44 28.39 0.737 * Collective 102 39.69 75 73.53 27 26.47 Second professional specialty in dentistry Dental Auditing 2 0.78 2 100.00 0 0.00 0.562 ** Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 8 3.11 3 37.50 5 62.50 Endodontics 28 10.89 22 78.57 6 21.43 Special Patients Stomatology 7 2.72 5 71.43 2 28.57 Integral Oral Implantology 2 0.78 1 50.00 1 50.00 Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry 23 8.95 18 78.26 5 21.74 Pediatric Dentistry 31 12.06 24 77.42 7 22.58 Orthodontics and Maxillary Orthopedics 21 8.17 18 85.71 3 14.29 Periodontics and Implantology 17 6.61 6 35.29 11 64.71 Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 53 20.62 48 90.57 5 9.43 Oral Rehabilitation 36 14.01 21 58.33 15 41.67 Dental Public Health 29 11.28 18 62.07 11 37.93 Sex Female 156 60.70 112 71.79 44 28.21 0.797 * Male 101 39.30 74 73.27 27 26.73 * Chi-square test. ** Chi-square test corrected by Yates. Table 2. Mean terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second professional specialty programs of a dental school over seven years. Variables n % Mean terminal efficiency X SD M IQR p Total 257 100.00 0.93 1.22 1.00 2.00 Year of formal document submission 2017 25 9.73 0.48 1.08 0.00abcd 1.00 0.001 * 2018 33 12.84 0.33 0.78 0.00efghi 0.00 2019 42 16.34 1.14 0.93 1.00aej 2.00 2020 54 21.01 0.74 1.01 0.00fj 2.00 2021 39 15.18 1.08 1.24 1.00bg 2.00 2022 29 11.28 1.34 1.47 1.00ch 2.00 2023 35 13.62 1.37 1.61 1.00di 3.00 Mode of document preparation Individual 155 60.31 0.91 1.32 0.00 2.00 0.141 ** Collective 102 39.69 0.97 1.05 1.00 2.00 Second professional specialty in dentistry Dental Auditing 2 0.78 1.00 0.00 1.00a 0.00 <0.001 * Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 8 3.11 2.00 1.60 2.00bcde 3.00 Endodontics 28 10.89 0.75 1.00 1.00bfgh 1.00 Special Patients Stomatology 7 2.72 1.43 1.51 1.00i 3.00 Integral Oral Implantology 2 0.78 1.50 0.71 1.50j 1.00 Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry 23 8.95 0.57 1.31 0.00cklmn 1.00 Pediatric Dentistry 31 12.06 1.03 1.20 1.00kop 1.00 Orthodontics and Maxillary Orthopedics 21 8.17 0.62 1.20 0.00dqr 1.00 Periodontics and Implantology 17 6.61 1.76 0.97 2.00floqs 1.00 Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 53 20.62 0.30 0.97 0.00aegijpstu 0.00 Oral Rehabilitation 36 14.01 1.31 0.82 1.00hmrt 1.00 Dental Public Health 29 11.28 1.28 1.49 1.00nu 2.00 Sex Female 156 60.70 0.95 1.19 1.00 2.00 0.571 ** Male 101 39.30 0.91 1.26 0.00 2.00 * Kruskal-Wallis test; post hoc Mann Whitney U test, equal letters show a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). ** Mann Whitney U test. Associations between categorized TE and covariates were assessed using the Chi-square test. A significant association was identified with the year of document submission (χ 2 = 11.77, p = 0.067, Cramer's V = 0.21), though the p-value approached but did not reach the conventional threshold of 0.05. The proportion of students achieving TE within one year peaked in 2018 (90.91%, n = 30/33) and was lowest in 2019 (59.52%, n = 25/42) ( Figure 1 and Table 1 ). No significant associations were observed with the mode of document preparation (p = 0.737) or sex (p = 0.797) ( Table 1 ). Figure 1. Categorized terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second professional specialty programs of a dental school by year of formal document submission. Differences in mean TE across groups were evaluated using non-parametric tests due to the non-normal distribution of TE (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, p < 0.001). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant variation by year of submission (H = 24.08, p = 0.001, η 2 = 0.07), with post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests indicating that mean TE in 2018 (0.33 years) was significantly lower than in 2019 (1.14 years, p < 0.001), 2020 (0.74 years, p = 0.032), 2021 (1.08 years, p = 0.002), 2022 (1.34 years, p = 0.001), and 2023 (1.37 years, p < 0.002) ( Figure 2 and Table 2 ). Similarly, significant differences were detected across dental specialties (H = 55.87, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.18). Post hoc tests showed that Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (mean TE = 0.30 years) had a significantly lower TE compared to Dental Auditing (1.00 years, p = 0.029), Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (2.00 years, p < 0.001), Endodontics (0.75 years, p = 0.002), Special Patients Stomatology (1.43 years, p = 0.004), Integral Oral Implantology (1.50 years, p = 0.016), Pediatric Dentistry (1.03 years, p < 0.001), Periodontics and Implantology (1.76 years, p < 0.001), Oral Rehabilitation (1.31 years, p < 0.001) and Dental Public Health (1.28 years, p < 0.001) ( Figure 3 and Table 2 ). No significant differences in mean TE were found by mode of document preparation (p = 0.141) or sex (p = 0.571) ( Table 2 ). Figure 2. Boxplot of mean terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second professional specialty programs of a dental school by year of formal document submission. Figure 3. Boxplot of mean terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students over seven years by second professional specialty in dentistry. Poisson regression was employed to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) for categorized TE, adjusting for potential confounders (year of formal document submission, mode of document preparation, second professional specialty in dentistry, and sex). In the adjusted model, no significant predictors of achieving TE within one year were identified (p > 0.05 for all variables) ( Table 3 ). Hierarchical multiple linear regression was conducted on log-transformed mean TE to address its skewed distribution. The final model, adjusted for all covariates, explained 6% of the variance (R 2 = 0.06, p = 0.004), with the year of formal document submission as the only significant predictor (β = 0.144, 95% CI: 0.071–0.218, p < 0.001) ( Table 4 ). Table 3. Multivariate analysis of the categorized terminal efficiency among Peruvian university students in the second professional specialty programs of a dental school over seven years. Variables Categorized terminal efficiency (Up to 1 year) Crude model Adjusted model PR 95% CI p aPR 95% CI p Year of formal document submission 2017 Ref. Ref. 2018 1.08 0.88-1.33 0.444 1.04 0.84-1.28 0.734 2019 0.71 0.52-0.96 0.026 0.96 0.74-1.23 0.730 2020 0.86 0.68-1.09 0.213 0.98 0.65-1.48 0.927 2021 0.86 0.66-1.11 0.238 0.71 0.49-1.04 0.075 2022 0.78 0.57-1.07 0.122 0.95 0.63-1.41 0.783 2023 0.82 0.62-1.08 0.159 0.99 0.72-1.35 0.937 Mode of document preparation Individual Ref. Collective 1.03 0.88-1.20 0.735 - - - Second professional specialty in dentistry Dental Auditing Ref. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 0.38 0.15-0.92 0.032 - - - Endodontics 0.79 0.65-0.95 0.015 - - - Special Patients Stomatology 0.71 0.45-1.14 0.159 - - - Integral Oral Implantology 0.50 0.13-2.00 0.327 - - - Restorative and Esthetic Dentistry 0.78 0.63-0.97 0.026 - - - Pediatric Dentistry 0.77 0.64-0.94 0.008 - - - Orthodontics and Maxillary Orthopedics 0.86 0.72-1.02 0.084 - - - Periodontics and Implantology 0.35 0.19-0.67 0.002 - - - Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 0.91 0.83-0.99 0.025 - - - Oral Rehabilitation 0.58 0.44-0.77 <0.001 - - - Dental Public Health 0.62 0.47-0.83 0.001 - - - Sex Female Ref. Male 1.02 0.88-1.19 0.795 - - - Table 4. Multivariate analysis of the mean terminal efficiency among Peruvian university students in the second professional specialty programs of a dental school over seven years. Variables R 2 Change of R 2 p-value Change of R 2 β 0 β β* 95% CI p-value p-value Model Model 1 0.06 0.06 <0.001 0.404 <0.001 Year of formal document submission 0.142 0.240 0.071-0.213 <0.001 Model 2 0.06 0.00 0.866 0.377 0.001 Year of formal document submission 0.140 0.237 0.068-0.213 <0.001 Mode of document preparation 0.023 0.011 -0.250-0.297 0.866 Model 3 0.06 0.00 0.803 0.323 0.002 Year of formal document submission 0.141 0.238 0.068-0.214 <0.001 Mode of document preparation 0.029 0.013 -0.248-0.305 0.839 Second professional specialty in dentistry 0.006 0.015 -0.038-0.049 0.803 Model 4 0.06 0.00 0.442 0.484 0.004 Year of formal document submission 0.144 0.244 0.071-0.218 <0.001 Mode of document preparation 0.011 0.005 -0.269-0.292 0.936 Second professional specialty in dentistry 0.005 0.015 -0.039-0.049 0.815 Sex -0.106 -0.048 -0.378-0.166 0.442 Discussion The present study provides valuable insights into the terminal efficiency (TE) of Peruvian university students enrolled in second specialty programs in dentistry at a single institution over a seven-year period (2017–2023). The findings indicate an average TE of 0.93 years, with 72.37% of students completing their programs within ≤1 year of document submission and 27.63% requiring ≥2 years. These results suggest a generally efficient degree completion process within Peru’s postgraduate dental education framework, as governed by University Law 30220, which mandates a minimum of two academic semesters and a thesis or academic paper for second professional specialty titles. 7 However, significant variations in TE were observed across dental specialties (e.g., Oral Radiology at 0.30 years vs. Periodontics at 1.76 years) and years of document submission (lowest in 2018, highest in 2023), underscoring the influence of specialty-specific demands and temporal factors on program completion times. Multivariate analysis identified the year of document submission as a significant predictor of mean TE, albeit with limited explanatory power. Comparative analysis with existing literature reveals both consistencies and divergences. Locally, Girano-Arévalo et al. (2021) reported a higher TE of 1.67 years for undergraduate dental students at the same institution (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, UPCH), with 60.51% completing in ≤1 year, 5 while Carrizales-Poma et al. (2024) found a TE of 1.52 years for UPCH master’s and doctoral dental programs. 18 The lower TE in our postgraduate cohort may reflect greater student commitment or streamlined research processes at the specialty level. Regionally, Costa Rican undergraduate dental students exhibited far lower efficiency, with only 6–8.5% completing in ≤1 year across multiple cohorts, 8 , 19 suggesting that Peru’s postgraduate dental programs outperform some Latin American undergraduate programs. Globally, Mexican studies during the COVID-19 pandemic reported disrupted graduation rates, 20 while Chinese postgraduate medical students faced similar delays. 21 These comparisons highlight the relative efficiency of this study population, though contextual differences in program structure and external disruptions limit direct equivalence. The research period (2017–2023) overlaps with the COVID-19 pandemic, which likely influenced TE trends, particularly from 2020 onward. The highest TE (1.76 years) in 2023 suggests prolonged completion times for documents submitted during or post-pandemic, potentially due to backlogs or persistent administrative delays. International parallels reinforce this hypothesis: Lange et al. (2023) noted greater graduation delays among United States postgraduate students compared to Swedish peers during the pandemic, 22 while Latin American studies identified barriers such as limited digital literacy and connectivity 23 and negative impacts on student well-being. 24 In Peru, the shift to remote learning and virtual thesis defenses 25 may have differentially affected specialties, with research-intensive fields like Periodontics potentially facing greater disruption than others like Oral Radiology. These findings suggest that pandemic-related challenges contributed to TE variability. Practically, the specialty-specific TE disparities—Oral Radiology’s 0.30-year mean versus Periodontics’ 1.76 years—carry substantial implications for educational policy and administration. With an effect size indicating a 1.46-year difference, these variations likely stem from differences in research complexity, clinical requirements, or resource availability (e.g., imaging facilities vs. surgical training). Institutions could address lagging specialties through targeted interventions, such as structured mentorship programs or methodological workshops for Periodontics students, mirroring successful undergraduate strategies. 5 Notably, all submissions in this study were theses, despite UPCH regulations permitting academic papers. 26 So that, introducing hybrid thesis formats, as proposed elsewhere, 27 could reduce bottlenecks while aligning with Law 30220’s flexibility. 7 Such adaptations could enhance TE across specialties, balancing academic rigor with efficiency, and warrant pilot testing at the institutional level. Despite its contributions, this study has limitations. Its single-institution focus at UPCH restricts generalizability to other Peruvian or Latin American contexts, where resource availability and student demographics may differ. The cross-sectional design, while robust for descriptive analysis, precludes causal inferences regarding covariates like specialty or submission year, and unexamined factors (e.g., sociodemographic profiles, institutional support) may also influence TE. Future multi-institutional and longitudinal studies tracking regional student cohorts could elucidate predictive factors and pandemic-specific effects. 4 , 8 Multicenter investigations across Peru and Latin America 20 would further contextualize findings, while pre- and post-COVID-19 cohort comparisons could quantify long-term disruptions. 22 , 24 These approaches would strengthen the evidence base for optimizing TE in dental education. Actionable steps for stakeholders emerge from these insights. Institutions should enhance digital infrastructure to support remote learning and research continuity, mitigating future disruptions as seen during COVID-19. 23 , 28 Policymakers could standardize TE metrics within regional accreditation frameworks, fostering consistency across Latin America. 7 , 8 Specialty-specific support—e.g., tailored supervision for high-TE fields like Periodontics—should be prioritized, alongside incentives for hybrid thesis formats under existing legal provisions. 7 , 26 Collectively, these measures could optimize TE, aligning educational efficiency with Peru’s scientific and professional development goals. 29 In conclusion, this study provides a detailed evaluation of terminal efficiency (TE) among Peruvian university students in second specialty dental programs at a single institution from 2017 to 2023. Most students achieved TE within one year, with a mean completion time under one year, though significant variations emerged across submission years and dental specialties. Temporal analysis revealed that the year of document submission significantly influenced mean TE, with longer completion times in later years, particularly post-2020, likely reflecting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specialty-specific differences were also pronounced, with some programs demonstrating markedly shorter completion times than others, suggesting variations in research complexity or resource demands. In contrast, neither the mode of document preparation nor sex significantly affected TE, indicating that these factors may not be primary drivers of efficiency in this context. These findings highlight the resilience of the studied postgraduate framework amidst external disruptions, while identifying areas for improvement, such as specialty-specific support to address prolonged completion times and can guide targeted interventions to optimize postgraduate dental education, supporting Peru’s goals for advancing health sciences training. Ethical considerations The study protocol was approved by the UPCH Institutional Research Ethics Committee (ethics file CONSTANCIA-CIEI-428-39-23, approved on October 2, 2023). All extraction and cleaning processes adhered to ethical guidelines, using anonymized data from public repository sources. Consent to participate Consent to participate was not required, due to the study used secondary data, which was anonymized, ensuring that such modification does not distort the scientific meaning of the information. An accredited committee, the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Institutional Research Ethics Committee approved the study protocol in the “Exempt” category, which exempts the study protocol from expedited review and the need for consent to participate because the study uses information that is public in the university’s institutional repository. Author contributions Karen Llajaida Cabanillas-Yllesca Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology Karla Lucero Avalos-Baltodano Roles: Investigation, Resources Roberto A. León-Manco Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing María Claudia Garcés-Elías Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing Cesar D. Rojas-Senador Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Writing – Review & Editing Data availability Zenodo: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years - Dataset. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13901816 . 30 The project contains the following underlying data: • Dataset-Terminal efficiency.xls. (Anonymised and codified data, with legend). Data are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY 4.0). Reporting guidelines Zenodo: STROBE checklist for “Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years”. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13939895 . 31 Data are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY 4.0). Acknowledgements Authors would like to thank the Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH) for covering the article processing costs (APC). References 1. Pérez González JA:La Eficiencia Terminal en Programas de Licenciatura y su Relación con la Calidad Educativa. REICE. 2006; 4 (1):1–16. Publisher Full Text 2. Duan S:Measuring university efficiency: An application of data envelopment analysis and strategic group analysis to Australian universities. Benchmarking: An International Journal. 2019; 26 (4):1161–1173. Publisher Full Text 3. Anaya A, Rodríguez E, López M:Coeficiente para la medición isocuanta de la Eficiencia Terminal en la Escuela de Medicina Justo Sierra. RIEOEI. 2020; 82 (2):173–189. Publisher Full Text 4. Vanegas-Pissa J, Sancho-Ugalde H:Cohort Analysis: Dropout, Lag and Terminal Efficiency in the Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Medical Sciences. Rev. Electr. Educare. 2019; 23 (1):1–22. Publisher Full Text 5. Girano-Arévalo A, Vásquez-Salas S, León-Manco RA, et al. :Eficiencia terminal según modalidad de titulación de pregrado de estomatología en la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 1975-2018. Rev. Estomatol. Herediana. 2021; 31 (2):81–89. Publisher Full Text 6. Liu CH, You-Hsien LH:The impact of COVID-19 on medical education: Experiences from one medical university in Taiwan. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 2021; 120 (9):1782–1784. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 7. del Perú G :2014; Ley N° 30220 - Ley Universitaria Lima:Diario Oficial El Peruano. Reference Source 8. Castro-Sancho C, Gómez-Fernández A, Fantin R, et al. :Terminal Efficiency, Lag and Dropout in Cohorts from 2007 to 2014 of Dental Students at the University of Costa Rica. Odovtos - Int. J. Dent. Sci. 2023; 25 (3):200–231. Publisher Full Text 9. del Perú G : Decreto Supremo N° 023-2020-SA - Aprueban modificación al Reglamento de la Ley N° 27878, Ley de Trabajo del Cirujano Dentista. Lima: Diario Oficial El Peruano; 2020. Reference Source 10. Dash CSK, Behera AK, Dehuri S, et al. :An outliers detection and elimination framework in classification task of data mining. Decis. Anal. J. 2023; 6 : 100164. Publisher Full Text 11. Thukral S, Kovac S, Paturu M: Chi square. In: Translational Interventional Radiology. Elsevier; 2023; pp. 145–148. Publisher Full Text 12. Grech V, Calleja N:WASP (Write a Scientific Paper): Parametric vs. non-parametric tests. Early Hum. Dev. 2018; 123 :48–49. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 13. Koç H:Ratio-type estimators for improving mean estimation using Poisson regression method. Comm. Statist. Theory Methods. 2021; 50 (20):4685–4691. Publisher Full Text 14. Petersen MR, Deddens JA:A comparison of two methods for estimating prevalence ratios. BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 2008; 8 (1):9. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 15. Vauclair C: Hierarchical Linear Modeling. The Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Keith KD, editor. 1st ed.Wiley; 2013; pp. 651–657. Publisher Full Text 16. Feng C, Wang H, Lu N, et al. :Log transformation: application and interpretation in biomedical research. Stat. Med. 2013; 32 (2):230–239. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 17. Habibzadeh F:Data Distribution: Normal or Abnormal? J. Korean Med. Sci. 2024; 39 (3): e35. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 18. Carrizales-Poma LJA, Garcés-Elias MC, León-Manco RA, et al. :Eficiencia terminal de los egresados de los programas de maestría y doctorado de una Facultad de Odontología. Rev. Méd. Electrón. 2024; 46 : e5867. Reference Source 19. Castro C:Eficiencia terminal. rezago y abandono en la cohorte del 2010 de estudiantes de Odontología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Revista Ciencia Y Salud Integrando Conocimientos. 2022; 5 (6):75–84. Publisher Full Text 20. Prudencio D, Balmori-de-la-Miyar J, Silverio-Murillo A, et al. :Examining COVID-19’s disruptive effect on education in Mexican universities. Int. J. Educ. Dev. 2024; 111 : 103144. Publisher Full Text 21. Yu Y, Tang Q, Shi H, et al. :The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and academic performance of medical postgraduates. Front. Public Health. 2022; 10 : 948710. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 22. Lange S, Soták M, Hagberg CE, et al. :Students at a crossroad: A cross-sectional survey gauging the impact of COVID -19 on medical and biomedical graduates in the United States and Sweden. Biochem. Molecular Bio. Educ. 2023; 51 (5):508–519. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 23. Ramirez-Asis E, Guerra-Muñoz M, Norabuena-Figueroa R, et al. :Urban university students in Latin America’s perceptions of COVID-19 imprisonment. IJIL. 2023; 34 (3):313–330. Publisher Full Text 24. Bazo-Alvarez JC, Bazalar-Palacios J, Quiñones-Negrete MM, et al. :COVID-19-Related Experiences and Perspectives of Peruvian College Students: A Descriptive Study. Health Educ. Behav. 2024; 51 (3):367–375. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 25. Soto A, Eymann A, Ladenheim R, et al. :Presentación a distancia de tesis y trabajos finales de posgrado durante la pandemia COVID-19. Rev. Fac. Cien. Med. Univ. Nac. Córdoba. 2021; 78 (4):353–358. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 26. Decanato de las Facultades de Medicina, de Estomatología y de Enfermería - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia: Normas y procedimientos para la elaboración, desarrollo, presentación, evaluación y publicación de proyectos de investigación, trabajos académicos y tesis para el título de segunda especialidad profesional. Lima:Unidad Integrada de Gestión de Investigación, Ciencia y Tecnología; 2023. 27. Villanueva JR, Kantún MA, Rejón GG, et al. :Caracterización de la titulación de estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. un estudio de caso de México. Revista Universidad y Sociedad. 2022; 14 (3):630–635. Reference Source 28. Chavarría-Bolaños D, Gómez-Fernández A, Dittel-Jiménez C, et al. :E-Learning in Dental Schools in the Times of COVID-19: A Review and Analysis of an Educational Resource in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Odovtos - Int. J. Dent. Sci. 2020; 22 (3):69–86. Publisher Full Text 29. Edel R:Educación a distancia y eficiencia terminal exitosa: El caso de la sede Tejupilco en la Universidad Virtual del Tecnológico de Monterrey. RED. 2004; 12 :1–23. Reference Source 30. Rojas-Senador CD: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years. Dataset. Zenodo. 2024. Publisher Full Text 31. Rojas-Senador CD: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years - STROBE checklist. Zenodo. 2024. Publisher Full Text Comments on this article Comments (0) Version 2 VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 31 Oct 2024 ADD YOUR COMMENT Comment Author details Author details 1 Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru Karen Llajaida Cabanillas-Yllesca Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology Karla Lucero Avalos-Baltodano Roles: Investigation, Resources Roberto A. León-Manco Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing María Claudia Garcés-Elías Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing Cesar D. Rojas-Senador Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Writing – Review & Editing Competing interests No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Article Versions (2) version 2 Revised Published: 09 May 2025, 13:1307 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.2 version 1 Published: 31 Oct 2024, 13:1307 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.1 Copyright © 2025 Cabanillas-Yllesca KL et al . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Download Export To Sciwheel Bibtex EndNote ProCite Ref. Manager (RIS) Sente metrics Views Downloads F1000Research - - PubMed Central info_outline Data from PMC are received and updated monthly. - - Citations open_in_new 0 open_in_new 0 open_in_new SEE MORE DETAILS CITE how to cite this article Cabanillas-Yllesca KL, Avalos-Baltodano KL, León-Manco RA et al. Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157705.2 ) NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS track receive updates on this article Track an article to receive email alerts on any updates to this article. TRACK THIS ARTICLE Share Open Peer Review Current Reviewer Status: ? Key to Reviewer Statuses VIEW HIDE Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Version 2 VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 09 May 2025 Revised Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Satyarup D and Kumar M. Reviewer Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r385055 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2#referee-response-385055 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 29 May 2025 Dharmashree Satyarup , Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Manish Kumar , GITAM, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r385055 The manuscript is clearly and accurately presented. The authors have structured the work in a coherent and logical manner, allowing the reader to follow the progression of the study with ease. The study design is cross-sectional but backed by ... Continue reading READ ALL The manuscript is clearly and accurately presented. The authors have structured the work in a coherent and logical manner, allowing the reader to follow the progression of the study with ease. The study design is cross-sectional but backed by relevant regression analysis to demonstrate the associations. Sufficient methodological details are provided to allow for independent replication of the study. The statistical analyses employed in the study are appropriate for the type and scale of data collected. The authors provide clear explanations of the statistical methods used, including the rationale for their selection. The conclusions drawn are well-supported by the results. The authors provide a balanced discussion, considering the implications of their findings within the context of the field, and recommendations are stated based on the findings of the study conducted for relevant stakeholders. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Yes Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Yes Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Yes If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Yes Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Oral health promotion, oral health education, prevention We confirm that we have read this submission and believe that we have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Satyarup D and Kumar M. Reviewer Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r385055 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2#referee-response-385055 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Rath A. Reviewer Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r383879 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2#referee-response-383879 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 16 May 2025 Avita Rath , SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r383879 I appreciate the authors' comprehensive effort to revise the manuscript in accordance with the earlier peer review. The improvements in methodological transparency, statistical rationale, and contextual analysis are commendable. The enhanced clarity in the Introduction and Discussion , inclusion of multivariate ... Continue reading READ ALL I appreciate the authors' comprehensive effort to revise the manuscript in accordance with the earlier peer review. The improvements in methodological transparency, statistical rationale, and contextual analysis are commendable. The enhanced clarity in the Introduction and Discussion , inclusion of multivariate analyses , and refined figures and tables significantly strengthen the paper’s scientific rigor and educational relevance. Specifically: The Methods section is now much more replicable, with clear articulation of the data extraction, cleaning, verification, and statistical procedures. The Discussion more thoroughly addresses the implications of COVID-19, specialty-specific disparities, and cross-regional relevance. The Conclusions are appropriately tempered to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and now align better with the presented data. The revisions align with the earlier recommendations, and I find the current version suitable for indexing. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Rath A. Reviewer Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r383879 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2#referee-response-383879 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Version 1 VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 31 Oct 2024 Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Rath A. Reviewer Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173196.r365454 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v1#referee-response-365454 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 12 Feb 2025 Avita Rath , SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia Approved with Reservations VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173196.r365454 Summary of the Article: This study evaluates the terminal efficiency (TE) of Peruvian university students enrolled in second specialty programs at a dental school over a seven-year period (2017-2023). Using a cross-sectional design, the authors analyzed all available records ... Continue reading READ ALL Summary of the Article: This study evaluates the terminal efficiency (TE) of Peruvian university students enrolled in second specialty programs at a dental school over a seven-year period (2017-2023). Using a cross-sectional design, the authors analyzed all available records from the institutional repository of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Terminal efficiency was assessed both quantitatively (mean TE in years) and qualitatively (categorized TE as “Up to 1 year” or “2 years or more”). The study utilized descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses (Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests) to explore associations between TE and variables such as year of document submission, mode of document preparation, dental specialty, and sex. Overall Assessment: The study addresses a relevant topic in dental education, particularly the efficiency of postgraduate programs. While the article is generally well-structured and the data are publicly available, several aspects of the methodology, statistical analysis, and interpretation require clarification and refinement to ensure the study is scientifically sound. 1. Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation (Partly) The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendations: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. 2. Study Design and Technical Soundness (Partly) The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendations: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. 3. Methods and Replicability (Partly) While the methods are described in detail, some aspects need further clarification to ensure full replicability: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified . The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendations: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. 4. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation (Partly) The use of Chi-square , Mann-Whitney U , and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendations: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Expand on the post hoc analyses , detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. 5. Data Availability and Reproducibility (Yes) The manuscript meets the F1000Research standard for data availability. The dataset and STROBE checklist are publicly accessible via Zenodo , ensuring reproducibility. No action required. 6. Conclusions and Support from Results (Partly) The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendations: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations . Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Final Recommendation: Approved with Reservations The study has academic merit and provides valuable insights into terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education. However, addressing the methodological, statistical, and interpretative issues outlined above is necessary to ensure the manuscript meets the highest standards of scientific rigor. Thank you for your contributions to the field. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Partly Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Partly Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Partly If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Partly Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Partly Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Health professional education, DEI, Scholarship of traching and learning, TEL I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Rath A. Reviewer Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173196.r365454 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v1#referee-response-365454 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Author Response 24 Jun 2025 Cesar David Rojas-Senador , Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru 24 Jun 2025 Author Response Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review ... Continue reading Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review the document corresponding to the response to comments and recommendations in your Reviewer Report to the Research Article entitled "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years", according to the following detail: Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation Comment: The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. Recommendation: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback regarding the complexity of sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections. We have revised these sections to simplify overly complex sentences, improve readability, and enhance the overall flow while maintaining scientific rigor. Comment: The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. Recommendation: Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the Results section with visual aids. We have added graphs and refined tables to present key findings more clearly and improve readability. Comment: While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendation: Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to broaden the literature review. We have incorporated recent international studies to enhance the manuscript’s context and relevance. Study Design and Technical Soundness Comment: The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. Recommendation: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing the limitations of cross-sectional design. We have incorporated a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables, enhancing the robustness of our findings on factors influencing terminal efficiency. Comment: The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendation: Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the analysis with multivariate regression and clarify limitations. We have added multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders and revised the Discussion to explicitly address the cross-sectional design’s limitations. Methods and Replicability Comment: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified. Recommendation: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Response: The authors appreciate your request for a more detailed description of the data collection process. We have revised the Methods section to provide comprehensive details on data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. Comment: The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. Recommendation: Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Response: The authors thank you for your request to clarify the handling of the missing data. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly state that no missing or incomplete data were encountered, as all 258 records met the inclusion criteria, ensuring a complete dataset. Comment: The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendation: Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. Response: The authors appreciate your request for detailed sensitivity analyses. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clarify that one outlier was removed and to describe sensitivity analyses conducted, including logarithmic transformation and model robustness checks for the multivariate regressions. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation Comment: The use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. Recommendation: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to clarify the rationale for statistical test selection. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly justify the use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests based on data characteristics and study design. Comment: The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Recommendation: Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing effect sizes and practical significance. We have revised the Results section to include effect sizes for statistical tests and regressions and updated the Discussion to highlight the practical implications of the findings. Comment: Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendation: Expand on the post hoc analyses, detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. Response: The authors appreciate your request for more details on post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clearly describe the post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, including their execution and interpretation. Conclusions and Support from Results Comment: The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. Recommendation: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback on the conclusions’ alignment with the results and your suggestion to temper them. We have revised the Conclusions section to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations, emphasizing the preliminary insights on terminal efficiency variations. Comment: However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). Recommendations: Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Response: The authors thank you for noting the need to address overgeneralization and discuss practical implications. We have revised the Conclusions to acknowledge the single-institution focus and incorporated multivariate analysis, while adding a Discussion subsection on practical implications for educational policy and administration. Comment: The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendation: Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Response: The authors thank you for highlighting the need for a deeper analysis of external factors like COVID-19. We have revised the Discussion to thoroughly analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 and other external factors on terminal efficiency, supported by data trends. Kind regards, Corresponding Author Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review the document corresponding to the response to comments and recommendations in your Reviewer Report to the Research Article entitled "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years", according to the following detail: Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation Comment: The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. Recommendation: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback regarding the complexity of sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections. We have revised these sections to simplify overly complex sentences, improve readability, and enhance the overall flow while maintaining scientific rigor. Comment: The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. Recommendation: Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the Results section with visual aids. We have added graphs and refined tables to present key findings more clearly and improve readability. Comment: While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendation: Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to broaden the literature review. We have incorporated recent international studies to enhance the manuscript’s context and relevance. Study Design and Technical Soundness Comment: The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. Recommendation: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing the limitations of cross-sectional design. We have incorporated a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables, enhancing the robustness of our findings on factors influencing terminal efficiency. Comment: The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendation: Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the analysis with multivariate regression and clarify limitations. We have added multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders and revised the Discussion to explicitly address the cross-sectional design’s limitations. Methods and Replicability Comment: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified. Recommendation: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Response: The authors appreciate your request for a more detailed description of the data collection process. We have revised the Methods section to provide comprehensive details on data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. Comment: The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. Recommendation: Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Response: The authors thank you for your request to clarify the handling of the missing data. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly state that no missing or incomplete data were encountered, as all 258 records met the inclusion criteria, ensuring a complete dataset. Comment: The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendation: Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. Response: The authors appreciate your request for detailed sensitivity analyses. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clarify that one outlier was removed and to describe sensitivity analyses conducted, including logarithmic transformation and model robustness checks for the multivariate regressions. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation Comment: The use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. Recommendation: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to clarify the rationale for statistical test selection. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly justify the use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests based on data characteristics and study design. Comment: The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Recommendation: Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing effect sizes and practical significance. We have revised the Results section to include effect sizes for statistical tests and regressions and updated the Discussion to highlight the practical implications of the findings. Comment: Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendation: Expand on the post hoc analyses, detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. Response: The authors appreciate your request for more details on post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clearly describe the post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, including their execution and interpretation. Conclusions and Support from Results Comment: The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. Recommendation: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback on the conclusions’ alignment with the results and your suggestion to temper them. We have revised the Conclusions section to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations, emphasizing the preliminary insights on terminal efficiency variations. Comment: However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). Recommendations: Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Response: The authors thank you for noting the need to address overgeneralization and discuss practical implications. We have revised the Conclusions to acknowledge the single-institution focus and incorporated multivariate analysis, while adding a Discussion subsection on practical implications for educational policy and administration. Comment: The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendation: Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Response: The authors thank you for highlighting the need for a deeper analysis of external factors like COVID-19. We have revised the Discussion to thoroughly analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 and other external factors on terminal efficiency, supported by data trends. Kind regards, Corresponding Author Competing Interests: None. Close Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT Author Response 24 Jun 2025 Cesar David Rojas-Senador , Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru 24 Jun 2025 Author Response Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review ... Continue reading Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review the document corresponding to the response to comments and recommendations in your Reviewer Report to the Research Article entitled "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years", according to the following detail: Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation Comment: The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. Recommendation: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback regarding the complexity of sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections. We have revised these sections to simplify overly complex sentences, improve readability, and enhance the overall flow while maintaining scientific rigor. Comment: The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. Recommendation: Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the Results section with visual aids. We have added graphs and refined tables to present key findings more clearly and improve readability. Comment: While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendation: Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to broaden the literature review. We have incorporated recent international studies to enhance the manuscript’s context and relevance. Study Design and Technical Soundness Comment: The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. Recommendation: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing the limitations of cross-sectional design. We have incorporated a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables, enhancing the robustness of our findings on factors influencing terminal efficiency. Comment: The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendation: Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the analysis with multivariate regression and clarify limitations. We have added multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders and revised the Discussion to explicitly address the cross-sectional design’s limitations. Methods and Replicability Comment: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified. Recommendation: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Response: The authors appreciate your request for a more detailed description of the data collection process. We have revised the Methods section to provide comprehensive details on data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. Comment: The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. Recommendation: Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Response: The authors thank you for your request to clarify the handling of the missing data. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly state that no missing or incomplete data were encountered, as all 258 records met the inclusion criteria, ensuring a complete dataset. Comment: The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendation: Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. Response: The authors appreciate your request for detailed sensitivity analyses. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clarify that one outlier was removed and to describe sensitivity analyses conducted, including logarithmic transformation and model robustness checks for the multivariate regressions. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation Comment: The use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. Recommendation: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to clarify the rationale for statistical test selection. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly justify the use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests based on data characteristics and study design. Comment: The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Recommendation: Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing effect sizes and practical significance. We have revised the Results section to include effect sizes for statistical tests and regressions and updated the Discussion to highlight the practical implications of the findings. Comment: Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendation: Expand on the post hoc analyses, detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. Response: The authors appreciate your request for more details on post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clearly describe the post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, including their execution and interpretation. Conclusions and Support from Results Comment: The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. Recommendation: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback on the conclusions’ alignment with the results and your suggestion to temper them. We have revised the Conclusions section to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations, emphasizing the preliminary insights on terminal efficiency variations. Comment: However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). Recommendations: Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Response: The authors thank you for noting the need to address overgeneralization and discuss practical implications. We have revised the Conclusions to acknowledge the single-institution focus and incorporated multivariate analysis, while adding a Discussion subsection on practical implications for educational policy and administration. Comment: The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendation: Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Response: The authors thank you for highlighting the need for a deeper analysis of external factors like COVID-19. We have revised the Discussion to thoroughly analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 and other external factors on terminal efficiency, supported by data trends. Kind regards, Corresponding Author Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review the document corresponding to the response to comments and recommendations in your Reviewer Report to the Research Article entitled "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years", according to the following detail: Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation Comment: The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. Recommendation: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback regarding the complexity of sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections. We have revised these sections to simplify overly complex sentences, improve readability, and enhance the overall flow while maintaining scientific rigor. Comment: The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. Recommendation: Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the Results section with visual aids. We have added graphs and refined tables to present key findings more clearly and improve readability. Comment: While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendation: Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to broaden the literature review. We have incorporated recent international studies to enhance the manuscript’s context and relevance. Study Design and Technical Soundness Comment: The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. Recommendation: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing the limitations of cross-sectional design. We have incorporated a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables, enhancing the robustness of our findings on factors influencing terminal efficiency. Comment: The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendation: Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the analysis with multivariate regression and clarify limitations. We have added multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders and revised the Discussion to explicitly address the cross-sectional design’s limitations. Methods and Replicability Comment: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified. Recommendation: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Response: The authors appreciate your request for a more detailed description of the data collection process. We have revised the Methods section to provide comprehensive details on data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. Comment: The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. Recommendation: Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Response: The authors thank you for your request to clarify the handling of the missing data. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly state that no missing or incomplete data were encountered, as all 258 records met the inclusion criteria, ensuring a complete dataset. Comment: The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendation: Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. Response: The authors appreciate your request for detailed sensitivity analyses. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clarify that one outlier was removed and to describe sensitivity analyses conducted, including logarithmic transformation and model robustness checks for the multivariate regressions. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation Comment: The use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. Recommendation: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to clarify the rationale for statistical test selection. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly justify the use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests based on data characteristics and study design. Comment: The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Recommendation: Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing effect sizes and practical significance. We have revised the Results section to include effect sizes for statistical tests and regressions and updated the Discussion to highlight the practical implications of the findings. Comment: Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendation: Expand on the post hoc analyses, detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. Response: The authors appreciate your request for more details on post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clearly describe the post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, including their execution and interpretation. Conclusions and Support from Results Comment: The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. Recommendation: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback on the conclusions’ alignment with the results and your suggestion to temper them. We have revised the Conclusions section to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations, emphasizing the preliminary insights on terminal efficiency variations. Comment: However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). Recommendations: Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Response: The authors thank you for noting the need to address overgeneralization and discuss practical implications. We have revised the Conclusions to acknowledge the single-institution focus and incorporated multivariate analysis, while adding a Discussion subsection on practical implications for educational policy and administration. Comment: The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendation: Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Response: The authors thank you for highlighting the need for a deeper analysis of external factors like COVID-19. We have revised the Discussion to thoroughly analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 and other external factors on terminal efficiency, supported by data trends. Kind regards, Corresponding Author Competing Interests: None. Close Report a concern COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Comments on this article Comments (0) Version 2 VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 31 Oct 2024 ADD YOUR COMMENT Comment keyboard_arrow_left keyboard_arrow_right Open Peer Review Reviewer Status info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Reviewer Reports Invited Reviewers 1 2 Version 2 (revision) 09 May 25 read read Version 1 31 Oct 24 read Avita Rath , SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia Dharmashree Satyarup , Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India Manish Kumar , GITAM, Visakhapatnam, India Comments on this article All Comments (0) Add a comment Sign up for content alerts Sign Up You are now signed up to receive this alert Browse by related subjects keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2025 Satyarup D et al. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 29 May 2025 | for Version 2 Dharmashree Satyarup , Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Manish Kumar , GITAM, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India 0 Views copyright © 2025 Satyarup D et al. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (0) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions The manuscript is clearly and accurately presented. The authors have structured the work in a coherent and logical manner, allowing the reader to follow the progression of the study with ease. The study design is cross-sectional but backed by relevant regression analysis to demonstrate the associations. Sufficient methodological details are provided to allow for independent replication of the study. The statistical analyses employed in the study are appropriate for the type and scale of data collected. The authors provide clear explanations of the statistical methods used, including the rationale for their selection. The conclusions drawn are well-supported by the results. The authors provide a balanced discussion, considering the implications of their findings within the context of the field, and recommendations are stated based on the findings of the study conducted for relevant stakeholders. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Yes Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Yes Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Yes If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Yes Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Oral health promotion, oral health education, prevention We confirm that we have read this submission and believe that we have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. reply Respond to this report Responses (0) Satyarup D and Kumar M. Peer Review Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r385055) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2#referee-response-385055 keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2025 Rath A. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 16 May 2025 | for Version 2 Avita Rath , SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia 0 Views copyright © 2025 Rath A. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (0) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions I appreciate the authors' comprehensive effort to revise the manuscript in accordance with the earlier peer review. The improvements in methodological transparency, statistical rationale, and contextual analysis are commendable. The enhanced clarity in the Introduction and Discussion , inclusion of multivariate analyses , and refined figures and tables significantly strengthen the paper’s scientific rigor and educational relevance. Specifically: The Methods section is now much more replicable, with clear articulation of the data extraction, cleaning, verification, and statistical procedures. The Discussion more thoroughly addresses the implications of COVID-19, specialty-specific disparities, and cross-regional relevance. The Conclusions are appropriately tempered to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and now align better with the presented data. The revisions align with the earlier recommendations, and I find the current version suitable for indexing. Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. reply Respond to this report Responses (0) Rath A. Peer Review Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.181537.r383879) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2#referee-response-383879 keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2025 Rath A. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 12 Feb 2025 | for Version 1 Avita Rath , SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia 0 Views copyright © 2025 Rath A. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (1) Approved With Reservations info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Summary of the Article: This study evaluates the terminal efficiency (TE) of Peruvian university students enrolled in second specialty programs at a dental school over a seven-year period (2017-2023). Using a cross-sectional design, the authors analyzed all available records from the institutional repository of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Terminal efficiency was assessed both quantitatively (mean TE in years) and qualitatively (categorized TE as “Up to 1 year” or “2 years or more”). The study utilized descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses (Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests) to explore associations between TE and variables such as year of document submission, mode of document preparation, dental specialty, and sex. Overall Assessment: The study addresses a relevant topic in dental education, particularly the efficiency of postgraduate programs. While the article is generally well-structured and the data are publicly available, several aspects of the methodology, statistical analysis, and interpretation require clarification and refinement to ensure the study is scientifically sound. 1. Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation (Partly) The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendations: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. 2. Study Design and Technical Soundness (Partly) The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendations: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. 3. Methods and Replicability (Partly) While the methods are described in detail, some aspects need further clarification to ensure full replicability: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified . The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendations: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. 4. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation (Partly) The use of Chi-square , Mann-Whitney U , and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendations: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Expand on the post hoc analyses , detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. 5. Data Availability and Reproducibility (Yes) The manuscript meets the F1000Research standard for data availability. The dataset and STROBE checklist are publicly accessible via Zenodo , ensuring reproducibility. No action required. 6. Conclusions and Support from Results (Partly) The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendations: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations . Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Final Recommendation: Approved with Reservations The study has academic merit and provides valuable insights into terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education. However, addressing the methodological, statistical, and interpretative issues outlined above is necessary to ensure the manuscript meets the highest standards of scientific rigor. Thank you for your contributions to the field. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Partly Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Partly Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Partly If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Partly Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Partly Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Health professional education, DEI, Scholarship of traching and learning, TEL I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. reply Respond to this report Responses (1) Author Response 24 Jun 2025 Cesar David Rojas-Senador, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru Lima, May 2nd, 2025. Dear Dr. Avita Rath Reviewer, F1000 Research I am writing to greet you and at the same time to ask you to kindly review the document corresponding to the response to comments and recommendations in your Reviewer Report to the Research Article entitled "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years", according to the following detail: Clarity and Accuracy of Presentation Comment: The manuscript is generally clear but could benefit from simplifying some complex sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections to enhance readability. Recommendation: Simplify overly complex sentences and enhance the flow of the Introduction and Discussion. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback regarding the complexity of sentences in the Introduction and Discussion sections. We have revised these sections to simplify overly complex sentences, improve readability, and enhance the overall flow while maintaining scientific rigor. Comment: The Results section is dense with data, and incorporating more visual aids (e.g., graphs, detailed tables) would improve clarity and help readers better interpret the findings. Recommendation: Add more visual elements to the Results section to present key findings more effectively. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the Results section with visual aids. We have added graphs and refined tables to present key findings more clearly and improve readability. Comment: While relevant literature is cited, the manuscript would benefit from including more recent international studies on terminal efficiency in postgraduate dental education to broaden its context. Recommendation: Incorporate recent international studies to strengthen the literature review. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to broaden the literature review. We have incorporated recent international studies to enhance the manuscript’s context and relevance. Study Design and Technical Soundness Comment: The cross-sectional design is appropriate for the study’s aims, but it inherently limits causal inferences about factors influencing terminal efficiency. Recommendation: Consider performing a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing the limitations of cross-sectional design. We have incorporated a multivariate regression analysis to control for confounding variables, enhancing the robustness of our findings on factors influencing terminal efficiency. Comment: The study includes all available records, reducing selection bias. However, the analysis would be strengthened by incorporating multivariate analysis to control for potential confounders such as specialty, sex, and year of submission. Recommendation: Clearly articulate the limitations of the cross-sectional design in the Discussion. Response: The authors thank you for your suggestion to enhance the analysis with multivariate regression and clarify limitations. We have added multivariate regression analyses to control for confounders and revised the Discussion to explicitly address the cross-sectional design’s limitations. Methods and Replicability Comment: The data collection process should be described in more detail, particularly how data were extracted, cleaned, and verified. Recommendation: Provide detailed descriptions of the data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes. Response: The authors appreciate your request for a more detailed description of the data collection process. We have revised the Methods section to provide comprehensive details on data extraction, cleaning, and verification processes, ensuring transparency and reproducibility. Comment: The manuscript should specify how missing data were handled. Recommendation: Clarify how missing or incomplete data were addressed. Response: The authors thank you for your request to clarify the handling of the missing data. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly state that no missing or incomplete data were encountered, as all 258 records met the inclusion criteria, ensuring a complete dataset. Comment: The sensitivity analyses are mentioned but lack detail on the specific procedures used. Recommendation: Expand on the sensitivity analyses, including criteria for identifying outliers and how they were handled. Response: The authors appreciate your request for detailed sensitivity analyses. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clarify that one outlier was removed and to describe sensitivity analyses conducted, including logarithmic transformation and model robustness checks for the multivariate regressions. Statistical Analysis and Interpretation Comment: The use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests is appropriate for the data; however, the rationale for selecting these tests over others should be explained. Recommendation: Provide a clear rationale for the selection of specific statistical tests. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion to clarify the rationale for statistical test selection. We have revised the Methods section to explicitly justify the use of Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests based on data characteristics and study design. Comment: The manuscript focuses on statistical significance but does not discuss effect sizes or the practical significance of the findings. Recommendation: Include effect sizes and discuss the practical implications of the findings. Response: The authors appreciate your suggestion addressing effect sizes and practical significance. We have revised the Results section to include effect sizes for statistical tests and regressions and updated the Discussion to highlight the practical implications of the findings. Comment: Post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test are not sufficiently detailed. Recommendation: Expand on the post hoc analyses, detailing how they were conducted and interpreted. Response: The authors appreciate your request for more details on post hoc analyses following the Kruskal-Wallis test. We have revised the Methods and Results sections to clearly describe the post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, including their execution and interpretation. Conclusions and Support from Results Comment: The conclusions are generally supported by the results, particularly regarding the mean terminal efficiency and its variation across specialties and submission years. Recommendation: Temper the conclusions to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations. Response: The authors appreciate your feedback on the conclusions’ alignment with the results and your suggestion to temper them. We have revised the Conclusions section to reflect the exploratory nature of the study and its limitations, emphasizing the preliminary insights on terminal efficiency variations. Comment: However, the conclusions overgeneralize the findings without fully considering the study’s limitations (e.g., single-institution focus, lack of multivariate analysis). Recommendations: Discuss the practical implications of the findings for educational policy and administration. Response: The authors thank you for noting the need to address overgeneralization and discuss practical implications. We have revised the Conclusions to acknowledge the single-institution focus and incorporated multivariate analysis, while adding a Discussion subsection on practical implications for educational policy and administration. Comment: The impact of external factors like COVID-19 is mentioned but not deeply analyzed in relation to the data. Recommendation: Analyze the potential impact of external factors (e.g., COVID-19) more thoroughly. Response: The authors thank you for highlighting the need for a deeper analysis of external factors like COVID-19. We have revised the Discussion to thoroughly analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 and other external factors on terminal efficiency, supported by data trends. Kind regards, Corresponding Author View more View less Competing Interests None. reply Respond Report a concern Rath A. Peer Review Report For: Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second specialty programs of a dental school over seven years [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 13 :1307 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173196.r365454) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v1#referee-response-365454 Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved - the paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations - A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved - fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Adjust parameters to alter display View on desktop for interactive features Includes Interactive Elements View on desktop for interactive features Competing Interests Policy Provide sufficient details of any financial or non-financial competing interests to enable users to assess whether your comments might lead a reasonable person to question your impartiality. Consider the following examples, but note that this is not an exhaustive list: Examples of 'Non-Financial Competing Interests' Within the past 4 years, you have held joint grants, published or collaborated with any of the authors of the selected paper. You have a close personal relationship (e.g. parent, spouse, sibling, or domestic partner) with any of the authors. You are a close professional associate of any of the authors (e.g. scientific mentor, recent student). You work at the same institute as any of the authors. You hope/expect to benefit (e.g. favour or employment) as a result of your submission. You are an Editor for the journal in which the article is published. Examples of 'Financial Competing Interests' You expect to receive, or in the past 4 years have received, any of the following from any commercial organisation that may gain financially from your submission: a salary, fees, funding, reimbursements. You expect to receive, or in the past 4 years have received, shared grant support or other funding with any of the authors. You hold, or are currently applying for, any patents or significant stocks/shares relating to the subject matter of the paper you are commenting on. Stay Updated Sign up for content alerts and receive a weekly or monthly email with all newly published articles Register with F1000Research Already registered? Sign in Not now, thanks close PLEASE NOTE If you are an AUTHOR of this article, please check that you signed in with the account associated with this article otherwise we cannot automatically identify your role as an author and your comment will be labelled as a “User Comment”. If you are a REVIEWER of this article, please check that you have signed in with the account associated with this article and then go to your account to submit your report, please do not post your review here. If you do not have access to your original account, please contact us . All commenters must hold a formal affiliation as per our Policies . The information that you give us will be displayed next to your comment. User comments must be in English, comprehensible and relevant to the article under discussion. We reserve the right to remove any comments that we consider to be inappropriate, offensive or otherwise in breach of the User Comment Terms and Conditions . Commenters must not use a comment for personal attacks. When criticisms of the article are based on unpublished data, the data should be made available. I accept the User Comment Terms and Conditions Please confirm that you accept the User Comment Terms and Conditions. Affiliation ✕ refresh Please enter your institution. Note: To add your institution or organisation, start typing the name and then select the correct name from the list. Where applicable, the name will appear in both the original language and in English. Do not paste in the name. If the name does not appear in the drop-down list, we will display the information you have entered. ✕ refresh Country/Region * USA UK Canada China France Germany Afghanistan Aland Islands Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Bouvet Island Brazil British Indian Ocean Territory British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Colombia Comoros Congo Cook Islands Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Falkland Islands Faroe Islands Federated States of Micronesia Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia French Southern Territories Gabon Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guernsey Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Heard Island and Mcdonald Islands Holy See (Vatican City State) Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jersey Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kosovo (Serbia and Montenegro) Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Minor Outlying Islands of the United States Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montenegro Montserrat Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue Norfolk Island North Korea North Macedonia Northern Mariana Islands Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Palestinian Territory Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Pitcairn Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Reunion Romania Russian Federation Rwanda Saint Helena Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Georgia and the South Sandwich Is South Korea South Sudan Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Svalbard and Jan Mayen Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand The Gambia The Netherlands Timor-Leste Togo Tokelau Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos Islands Tuvalu UK USA Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United States Virgin Islands Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Vietnam Wallis and Futuna West Bank and Gaza Strip Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Please select your country/region. You must enter a comment. Competing Interests Please disclose any competing interests that might be construed to influence your judgment of the article's or peer review report's validity or importance. Competing Interests Policy Provide sufficient details of any financial or non-financial competing interests to enable users to assess whether your comments might lead a reasonable person to question your impartiality. Consider the following examples, but note that this is not an exhaustive list: Examples of 'Non-Financial Competing Interests' Within the past 4 years, you have held joint grants, published or collaborated with any of the authors of the selected paper. You have a close personal relationship (e.g. parent, spouse, sibling, or domestic partner) with any of the authors. You are a close professional associate of any of the authors (e.g. scientific mentor, recent student). You work at the same institute as any of the authors. You hope/expect to benefit (e.g. favour or employment) as a result of your submission. You are an Editor for the journal in which the article is published. Examples of 'Financial Competing Interests' You expect to receive, or in the past 4 years have received, any of the following from any commercial organisation that may gain financially from your submission: a salary, fees, funding, reimbursements. You expect to receive, or in the past 4 years have received, shared grant support or other funding with any of the authors. You hold, or are currently applying for, any patents or significant stocks/shares relating to the subject matter of the paper you are commenting on. Please state your competing interests The comment has been saved. An error has occurred. Please try again. Cancel Post var lTitle = "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university...".replace("'", ''); var linkedInUrl = "http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2" + "&title=" + encodeURIComponent(lTitle) + "&summary=" + encodeURIComponent('Read the article by '); var deliciousUrl = "https://del.icio.us/post?url=https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2&title=" + encodeURIComponent(lTitle); var redditUrl = "http://reddit.com/submit?url=https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2" + "&title=" + encodeURIComponent(lTitle); linkedInUrl += encodeURIComponent('Cabanillas-Yllesca KL et al.'); var offsetTop = /chrome/i.test( navigator.userAgent ) ? 4 : -10; var addthis_config = { ui_offset_top: offsetTop, services_compact : "facebook,twitter,www.linkedin.com,www.mendeley.com,reddit.com", services_expanded : "facebook,twitter,www.linkedin.com,www.mendeley.com,reddit.com", services_custom : [ { name: "LinkedIn", url: linkedInUrl, icon:"/img/icon/at_linkedin.svg" }, { name: "Mendeley", url: "http://www.mendeley.com/import/?url=https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2/mendeley", icon:"/img/icon/at_mendeley.svg" }, { name: "Reddit", url: redditUrl, icon:"/img/icon/at_reddit.svg" }, ] }; var addthis_share = { url: "https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307", templates : { twitter : "Terminal efficiency of Peruvian university students in the second.... Cabanillas-Yllesca KL et al., published by " + "@F1000Research" + ", https://f1000research.com/articles/13-1307/v2" } }; if (typeof(addthis) != "undefined"){ addthis.addEventListener('addthis.ready', checkCount); addthis.addEventListener('addthis.menu.share', checkCount); } $(".f1r-shares-twitter").attr("href", "https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=" + addthis_share.templates.twitter); $(".f1r-shares-facebook").attr("href", "https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=" + addthis_share.url); $(".f1r-shares-linkedin").attr("href", addthis_config.services_custom[0].url); $(".f1r-shares-reddit").attr("href", addthis_config.services_custom[2].url); $(".f1r-shares-mendelay").attr("href", addthis_config.services_custom[1].url); function checkCount(){ setTimeout(function(){ $(".addthis_button_expanded").each(function(){ var count = $(this).text(); if (count !== "" && count != "0") $(this).removeClass("is-hidden"); else $(this).addClass("is-hidden"); }); }, 1000); } close How to cite this report {{reportCitation}} Cancel Copy Citation Details $(function(){R.ui.buttonDropdowns('.dropdown-for-downloads');}); $(function(){R.ui.toolbarDropdowns('.toolbar-dropdown-for-downloads');}); $.get("/articles/acj/157705/181537") new F1000.Clipboard(); new F1000.ThesaurusTermsDisplay("articles", "article", "181537"); $(document).ready(function() { $( "#frame1" ).on('load', function() { var mydiv = $(this).contents().find("div"); var h = mydiv.height(); console.log(h) }); var tooltipLivingFigure = jQuery(".interactive-living-figure-label .icon-more-info"), titleLivingFigure = tooltipLivingFigure.attr("title"); tooltipLivingFigure.simpletip({ fixed: true, position: ["-115", "30"], baseClass: 'small-tooltip', content:titleLivingFigure + " " }); tooltipLivingFigure.removeAttr("title"); $("body").on("click", ".cite-living-figure", function(e) { e.preventDefault(); var ref = $(this).attr("data-ref"); $(this).closest(".living-figure-list-container").find("#" + ref).fadeIn(200); }); $("body").on("click", ".close-cite-living-figure", function(e) { e.preventDefault(); $(this).closest(".popup-window-wrapper").fadeOut(200); }); $(document).on("mouseup", function(e) { var metricsContainer = $(".article-metrics-popover-wrapper"); if (!metricsContainer.is(e.target) && metricsContainer.has(e.target).length === 0) { $(".article-metrics-close-button").click(); } }); var articleId = $('#articleId').val(); if($("#main-article-count-box").attachArticleMetrics) { $("#main-article-count-box").attachArticleMetrics(articleId, { articleMetricsView: true }); } }); var figshareWidget = $(".new_figshare_widget"); if (figshareWidget.length > 0) { window.figshare.load("f1000", function(Widget) { // Select a tag/tags defined in your page. In this tag we will place the widget. _.map(figshareWidget, function(el){ var widget = new Widget({ articleId: $(el).attr("figshare_articleId") //height:300 // this is the height of the viewer part. [Default: 550] }); widget.initialize(); // initialize the widget widget.mount(el); // mount it in a tag that's on your page // this will save the widget on the global scope for later use from // your JS scripts. This line is optional. //window.widget = widget; }); }); } close Error Close Add Reset F1000.MICROSERVICES.AFFILIATION = ''; $(document).ready(function () { $('.js-affiliations-form').each((index, form) => { new AffiliationForm({ formId: form.id, institutionErrorSelector: '.comment-enter-institution', departmentErrorSelector: '.comment-enter-department', placeSelector: '.js-add-comment-place', stateSelector: '.js-add-comment-state', zipCodeSelector: '.js-add-comment-zipcode', countrySelector: '.js-add-comment-country', countryErrorSelector: '.comment-enter-country', }); }); }); $(document).ready(function () { var reportIds = { "383879": 9, "365453": 0, "386957": 0, "365452": 0, "386956": 0, "365455": 0, "386959": 0, "365454": 15, "386958": 0, "386953": 0, "386952": 0, "386955": 0, "386954": 0, "386961": 0, "365456": 0, "386960": 0, "385053": 0, "385052": 0, "354463": 0, "385055": 4, "354462": 0, "385054": 0, "385051": 0, "354465": 0, "385057": 0, "354464": 0, "385056": 0, "385059": 0, "385058": 0, "345149": 0, "345148": 0, "342207": 0, "345151": 0, "342206": 0, "345150": 0, "345145": 0, "345147": 0, "345146": 0, "342213": 0, "342212": 0, "342215": 0, "342214": 0, "342209": 0, "345153": 0, "342208": 0, "345152": 0, "342211": 0, "342210": 0, "345154": 0, "339053": 0, "348781": 0, "339052": 0, "348780": 0, "339055": 0, "348783": 0, "339054": 0, "348782": 0, "339049": 0, "339048": 0, "339051": 0, "348779": 0, "339050": 0, "348788": 0, "339057": 0, "348785": 0, "339056": 0, "348784": 0, "348787": 0, "348786": 0, }; $(".referee-response-container,.js-referee-report").each(function(index, el) { var reportId = $(el).attr("data-reportid"), reportCount = reportIds[reportId] || 0; $(el).find(".comments-count-container,.js-referee-report-views").html(reportCount); }); var uuidInput = $("#article_uuid"), oldUUId = uuidInput.val(), newUUId = "744cb447-ffca-45bf-989f-798de13adc74"; uuidInput.val(newUUId); $("a[href*='article_uuid=']").each(function(index, el) { var newHref = $(el).attr("href").replace(oldUUId, newUUId); $(el).attr("href", newHref); }); }); An innovative open access publishing platform offering rapid publication and open peer review, whilst supporting data deposition and sharing. Browse Gateways Collections How it Works Contact For Developers Cookie Notice Privacy Notice RSS Submit Your Research Follow us © 2012-2026 F1000 Research Ltd. ISSN 2046-1402 | Legal | Partner of Research4Life • CrossRef • ORCID • FAIRSharing R.templateTests.simpleTemplate = R.template(' $text $text $text $text $text '); R.templateTests.runTests(); var F1000platform = new F1000.Platform({ name: "f1000research", displayName: "F1000Research", hostName: "f1000research.com", id: "1", editorialEmail: "[email protected]", infoEmail: "[email protected]", usePmcStats: true }); $(function(){R.ui.dropdowns('.dropdown-for-authors, .dropdown-for-about, .dropdown-for-myresearch');}); // $(function(){R.ui.dropdowns('.dropdown-for-referees');}); $(document).ready(function () { if ($(".cookie-warning").is(":visible")) { $(".sticky").css("margin-bottom", "35px"); $(".devices").addClass("devices-and-cookie-warning"); } $(".cookie-warning .close-button").click(function (e) { $(".devices").removeClass("devices-and-cookie-warning"); $(".sticky").css("margin-bottom", "0"); }); $("#tweeter-feed .tweet-message").each(function (i, message) { var self = $(message); self.html(linkify(self.html())); }); $(".partner").on("mouseenter mouseleave", function() { $(this).find(".gray-scale, .colour").toggleClass("is-hidden"); }); }); Sign In Remember me Forgotten your password? Sign In Cancel Email or password not correct. Please try again Please wait... $(function(){ // Note: All the setup needs to run against a name attribute and *not* the id due the clonish // nature of facebox... $("a[id=googleSignInButton]").click(function(event){ event.preventDefault(); $("input[id=oAuthSystem]").val("GOOGLE"); $("form[id=oAuthForm]").submit(); }); $("a[id=facebookSignInButton]").click(function(event){ event.preventDefault(); $("input[id=oAuthSystem]").val("FACEBOOK"); $("form[id=oAuthForm]").submit(); }); $("a[id=orcidSignInButton]").click(function(event){ event.preventDefault(); $("input[id=oAuthSystem]").val("ORCID"); $("form[id=oAuthForm]").submit(); }); }); If you've forgotten your password, please enter your email address below and we'll send you instructions on how to reset your password. The email address should be the one you originally registered with F1000. Email address not valid, please try again You registered with F1000 via Google, so we cannot reset your password. To sign in, please click here . If you still need help with your Google account password, please click here . You registered with F1000 via Facebook, so we cannot reset your password. To sign in, please click here . If you still need help with your Facebook account password, please click here . Code not correct, please try again Reset password Cancel Email us for further assistance. Server error, please try again. If your email address is registered with us, we will email you instructions to reset your password. If you think you should have received this email but it has not arrived, please check your spam filters and/or contact for further assistance. Please wait... Register $(document).ready(function () { signIn.createSignInAsRow($("#sign-in-form-gfb-popup")); $(".target-field").each(function () { var uris = $(this).val().split("/"); if (uris.pop() === "login") { $(this).val(uris.toString().replace(",","/")); } }); });