Principles of “Humanistic Environment” in Dental Education: Design, Validation, and Standardization of a Questionnaire

Abstract Background Health science education for students should comply with the principles of the Humanistic Environment. Adhering to these principles, along with other didactic and clinical training courses, will make treatment more successful and brings more satisfaction for patients. Methods Six completely related researches were found in the literature (Pubmed, Google Scholar). A questionnaire consisting of 67 questions was collected for evaluation. The questionnaire was submitted to 9 members of a panel of experts for a survey. Using statistical methods, Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were determined and its reliability was evaluated. According to the relevant formula and Lawshe table questions with a score higher than 0.79 and 0.78 were included in the questionnaire, respectively. The questionnaire was also administered to 8 students for determining the Face Validity. Cronbach's Alpha was calculated 0.808, using SPSS (v.#22) software. The Reliability Analysis was determined based upon 15 students’ opinions. Results Eventually, a questionnaire containing 39 questions was finalized and categorized in 7 eminent humanistic fields. These are: Internal Feelings, Rules and Regulations, Interpersonal Relations, Behavior Change, Administration, Commitment & Satisfaction, Professional Ethics. Conclusions The principles of Humanistic Environment provide favorable interaction between students and teachers, satisfy the welfare of patient, and succeed the outcome of treatment along with regular scientific courses. Due to cultural and social differences, a specific questionnaire should be designed for each community to reflect their interests.