Pan-cancer analysis of the role of SPC25 in human cancer

Objective: Cell division plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of cancer. Despite the significant role of SPC25 in the cell cycle, its involvement in cancer remains insufficiently studied. This research aims to employ bioinformatics analysis methods by integrating extensive multi-omics data from various cancer types to explore the potential mechanisms of SPC25 in the occurrence of diverse cancers. Method We conducted an extensive analysis utilizing mRNA expression data and clinical information from cancer patients obtained from the TCGA database. We examined SPC25 protein expression levels in tumor and normal samples using the UALCAN database, alongside an assessment of its promoter methylation status. Additionally, we accessed immunohistochemical images of SPC25 protein in tumor and normal tissues from the HPA database. Detailed information regarding SPC25 mutations across various tumor types was obtained from the cBioPortal database. Analysis of SPC25 expression across multiple cell types was performed using the TISCH2 database. We investigated the relationship between SPC25 expression levels and immune cell infiltration as well as the expression of immune-related factors. Furthermore, we conducted single-variable Cox regression analysis to explore the association between SPC25 and cancer patient prognosis. To delve into potential mechanisms, we employed methodologies from the GO, KEGG, GSEA, CancerSEA, and GSCALite databases to investigate SPC25's potential involvement in various cancers. Results Our study comprehensively examined the role of SPC25 within a multi-omics framework. SPC25 demonstrates heightened expression across diverse cancer types, showcasing robust diagnostic potential for cancer detection. Furthermore, it correlates with unfavorable prognoses across multiple cancer types and exhibits a significant association with tumor immunogenicity. Its putative role in modulating the cell cycle stands as a potential primary mechanism in cancer pathogenesis. Hence, SPC25 presents a prospective avenue for novel therapeutic interventions directed at the cell cycle. Conclusion In the future, SPC25 holds promise as a novel target for cell cycle-directed therapies.