Urinary stone composition analysis and clinical assessment of patients in a tertiary urology care centre in eastern India

Objective: Urinary stones are typical conditions that result in significant morbidity and monetary costs. Analysis of patients with different stones determines the preferred treatment modality and helps decide the preventive measures to avoid stone recurrence. This study aimed to identify the association between patient characteristics with stone type and composition in the eastern region of India. Material and methods A super specialty hospital in an eastern Indian city enrolled 1231 cases of urinary stones which were admitted for elective stone removal between January 2015 and November 2022. Patient information was gathered, including demographics, clinical data, dietary habits, water consumption, geographic region, and stone recurrence. An analysis was performed to establish a relationship between these characteristics and the type and composition of stones. Result The study found that urinary stones are more common in men, with calcium oxalate being the most prevalent type of stone. Individuals aged 31–40 had the highest incidence of stones, including double-component stones, while single-component and multiple-component stones were most common in those aged 21–30. The kidneys were found to be the most likely origin of stones and the instances of stone recurrence showed a substantial (p = < 0.001) correlation with dietary habits and water intake. Conclusion Calcium oxalate is the predominant stone component. The stone recurrence rate factors are correlated with age, gender, food habits, and water intake patterns.