Influence of Advanced Glycation End-Products on Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess whether advanced glycation end-products had any influence on the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in patients with type-II diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis. Material: & Methods: It was a case-control study. 30 subjects were recruited in test group, who had chronic periodontitis and known cases of type-II diabetes mellitus. 30 subjects were kept in control group, who had chronic periodontitis but no systemic diseases. Periodontal parameters were recorded, samples of saliva were collected for all the subjects, and assessment of matrix metalloproteinase-1 levels was undertaken via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 26. Results: : The levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 showed a significant elevation in test group in comparison to the controls (p<0.001). Likewise, all the periodontal parameters had greater readings in the test group as compared to the controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: : As there is a significant increase in the levels of salivary matrix metalloproteinase-1 due to advanced glycation end-products, as released in diabetic subjects, the destruction of periodontal apparatus was also, in return, greater in the diabetic subjects as compared to non-diabetic ones. This proves that advanced glycation end-products further elevate the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in humans, resulting in greater destruction of periodontium. Clinical Relevance: This study observes that if MMP-1 is inhibited by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), the periodontal destruction in patients of type-II diabetes mellitus can be controlled and vice versa.