PD-1 Antibody Combined With Decitabine Is Effective in the Treatment of Refractory Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma Not Otherwise Specified: a Case Report

Abstract Background: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is a highly aggressive lymphoma with a poor response to chemotherapy, frequent relapses, low overall survival, and poor prognosis, and is the most common form of PTCL. For relapsed/refractory (R/R) PTCLs, the efficacy of traditional chemotherapy is even worse, so clinical trials and new drugs become their therapeutic hopes. Here, We report on a 43-year woman with refractory PTCL-NOS has a good response to PD-1 antibody combined with decitabine. Case presentation: A 43-year-old woman with refractory PTCL-NOS, who has a poor efficacy in the first-line and second-line treatments, even the disease progresses after treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors and proteasome inhibitors, however, has a good response to PD-1 antibody combined with decitabine. The patient got significant tumor regression and some of the masses even disappeared.Conclusions: The PD-1 monoclonal antibody combined with decitabine may be a good choice to improve prognosis when used early if conventional first- and second-line regimens, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and proteasome inhibitors are ineffective.