MicroRNAs and PFAS: A Pilot Study in Blood Collected from Firefighters

ABSTRACT Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemicals with widespread industrial and consumer applications, and firefighters are known to be at risk of elevated PFAS exposure due to their occupational activities. This study aims to assess PFAS exposure and explore potential mechanistic insights through miRNA sequencing of plasma exosomes, in relation to PFAS levels in the general population. The study included 34 firefighter participants. PFAS levels in plasma were analyzed, and miRNA sequencing of plasma exosomes was conducted. The findings were compared with the general population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). While total PFAS levels did not significantly differ between firefighters and the general population in the cohort considered, variations in individual PFAS compounds were observed. MiRNA sequencing revealed substantial heterogeneity in miRNA expression patterns. Associations between serum PFAS levels and biochemical indicators suggested potential health implications, although further mechanistic insights need to be explored.