Evaluation of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in colon and gastric cancer

Evaluation of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in colon and gastric cancer | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Evaluation of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in colon and gastric cancer Maria Beihaghi, Reza Sahebi, Mohammad Reza Beihaghi, Raheleh khosravi nessiani, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573969/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 16 Oct, 2023 Read the published version in BMC Cancer → Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract One of the causes of colon and gastric cancer is the regulation of carcinogenic genes, tumor inhibitors, and micro-RNA. The purpose of this study is to apply rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A /B gene as an effective biomarker of colon cancer and early detection of gastric cancer. As a result,400 blood samples, inclusive of 200 samples from healthy individuals and 200 samples (100 samples from intestinal cancer,100 samples from stomach cancer) from the blood of someone with these cancers, to determine the genotype of genes in healthful and ill people through PCR-RFLP approach and Allelic and genotypic tests of SPSS software. An observe the connection between gastric cancer and bowel cancer risk and genotypes, the t-student test for quantitative variables and Pearson distribution for qualitative variables have been tested and the results have been evaluated using the Chi-square test. The effects confirmed that the highest frequency of TT genotypes is in infected individuals and CC genotype is in healthful individuals. In addition, it confirmed that women were more inclined than men to T3 tumor invasion and most grade II and III colon cancers, and in older sufferers with gastric cancer, the tumor grade tended to be grade I. Among genetic variety and rs10811661, with invasiveness, there is a tumor size and degree in the affected person. In summary, our findings suggest that the rs10811661 polymorphism of the CDKN2A / B gene is strongly associated with the occurrence of intestinal cancer and Stomach is linked to its potential role as a prognostic biomarker for the management of bowel cancer and stomach. Colon Cancer CDKN2A / B gene Polymorphism rs10811661 statistical analysis RFLP-PCR Gastric Cancer Biomarker Figures Figure 1 Introduction Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for about 800,000 deaths annually [ 1 ]. In popular, the common age of onset is 60 to eighty years, and under 30 years is rare. For this reason, GC is considered an aging sickness [ 2 , 3 ]. The countries of East Asia, accompanied by Eastern Europe and South America, have the highest rates of infection. The lowest rates are observed in North America and Africa [129]. However, the prevalence of GC has decreased in most countries. Regardless of advances in diagnosis, the ailment is normally recognized in advanced levels, in particular, because of the nonspecific nature of the signs within the early ranges. The average 5-years survival is only 20%. Further, surgical treatment and chemotherapy are of restricted value in treating advanced instances. Further, a wide variety of centered cures are available using molecular markers [ 2 ]. GC is a multifactorial sickness that includes a way of life, aging, socioeconomic factors, infectious agents inclusive of Helicobacter pylori (classified as group 1 carcinogenic and associated with 80% of cases), Epstein-Barr virus (related to 10% of tumors), and multiple genetics and epigenetic versions [ 3 , 5 ]. Consistent with Loren's type, gastric adenocarcinomas are divided into Intestinal (nicely differentiated with cohesive neoplastic cells, forming tubular gland-like systems) and diffuse (poorly differentiated with penetration and thickening of the gastric wall without discrete loads). Those two kinds fluctuate now not handiest in histological evaluation but also in sex, age, and other epidemiological functions [ 2 , 6 , 7 ]. Colorectal cancer is the third most common tumor and the fourth leading cause of demise within the eastern global [ 8 ]. The prevalence of this cancer varies from race to race; it is also related to age, diet, family history, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and alcohol consumption [ 9 ]. Another cause of colorectal cancer is polyps. Polyps are clusters of cells that develop within the middle of the colon. These polyps may transform into malignant tumors [ 10 ]. Further to many of these factors, the function of genetic factors in the spread of colon cancer can't be disregarded. One of the pathways in which the polymorphism of the involved genes is related to colorectal cancer is the insulin-signaling pathway [ 11 ]. Insulin is a hormone secreted by beta cells inside the islets of the pancreas. This hormone’s function in regulating blood sugar (glucose) is known. Insulin controls cellular growth by binding to its receptor [ 12 ] and prevents the deliberate loss of life of cells [ 13 ]. From the factor of view of molecular biology, the insulin receptor is a membrane receptor activated by binding to insulin [ 14 ]. After the insulin binds to its receptor, the subunits of the insulin receptor are phosphorylated and the insulin-signaling pathway for glycogen formation is decreased [ 15 ]. Due to the fact that tyrosine, kinase receptors are involved in programmed cell death, metastasis, and cell growth and proliferation, their effect on malignancies isn't unexpected [ 16 ]. In place 5, there is an area of insulin receptor genes that is wealthy in GC, and transcription factors are attached to it [ 17 ]. Polymorphism in this area reasons a decrease in the degree of insulin receptor expression [ 18 , 19 ]. Numerous genetically related studies have shown that genetic changes on chromosome 9p21 can be concerned in numerous malignancies which include leukemia, glioma, ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancers [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. This location is understood for the cyclin A and B-established kinase inhibitors called CDKN2A / B, which are involved in numerous metabolic and pathological issues consisting of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Current data have proven that the CDKN2A / B gene can alter cell increase by using stopping the cell cycle in section G1. Cell cycle progression inside the G1 phase is mainly modulated through the p14ARF, p15INK4B, and 16INK4A proteins ([ 27 , 31 , 32 ]). Tumor suppressor proteins p15INK4B and 16INK4A stop the cell cycle by decreasing cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and six (CDK4, 6), whilst p14ARF protein promotes apoptosis and mobile cycle by promoting the m5m2 -p signaling pathway through p5 mdmart [ 33 , 34 ]. Whilst the tumor suppressor’s p14ARF and p16INK4A are proven to be encoded by CDKN2A, the p15INK4B protein is encoded using CDKN2B [ 34 ]. There’s new evidence that genes inside the CDKN2A / B locus genes were mutated or deleted in several human cancers. Several SNPs at the CDKN2A / 2B site lessen their expression and result in tumor cell proliferation and progression [ 30 , 35 ]. Current data have proven that deletion of CDKN2A / B is associated with poor prognosis and lower survival in patients with cutaneous T mobile lymphoma [ 36 ]. In another large-scale meta-analysis study performed by Lou et al., the relationship between CDKN2A / B rs4977756 gene polymorphism and the risk of glioma in 18,893 patients without or with cancer was investigated. This evaluation showed that rs4977756 polymorphism is drastically related to the risk of glioma [ 37 ]. Consistent with that research, the polymorphism correlation of the CDKN2A / B gene (rs10811661) was studied in 564 breast cancer sufferers and the outcomes confirmed that people with TT genotype have been extra susceptible to breast cancer [ 38 ]. The affiliation of the two SNPs changed into assessed with the aid of CDKN2A / B locus (rs1333049 and rs10811661) and the clinical manifestations of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and counseled that the CC rs1333049 genotype was polymorphically associated with a weaker overall prognosis [ 39 ]. Material And Methods 1.1. patient samples A complete of 400 patients (100 sufferers with colorectal cancer, 100 patients with gastric cancer, and 200 healthy sufferers) from Imam Khomeini medical institution in Tehran were selected. Instances of colorectal and belly cancers have been identified with colonoscopic findings and histopathological evaluation. All sufferers submitted written and informed consent and the study was approved with the aid of the ethics committee. 1.2. DNA Genotype Peripheral blood samples had been taken from all patients and controls for genetic exams. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using the standard phenol-chloroform technique [ 40 ]. The sequence of BSPHL polymorphism (rs10811661) using approach PCR (Polymerase chain response) unique primers forward: 5'-cagaatggtcttaaaaatgggtgt3’, Reveres: 5'-ttcagaataagaaacaaggcaac3 ' was performed. The primers were designed using gene sequences obtained from Gene Runner and Primer3 websites and software received from NCBI. Conditions and PCR application have been as follows: first 5 mins of initial denaturation at 95 ° C and then 35 cycles with this application 32 seconds of denaturation at 95 ° C, 42 seconds at 62 ° C to connect the primers, 42 seconds were executed at 72 ° C for propagation and on the end of 5 minutes at 72 ° C for final propagation. PCR products have been digested using BSPHL restrict enzyme (fermentas) at a reaction rate of 5U for 16 hours at 37 ° C. due to the truth that for this enzyme, in the presence of an ordinary (pro) allele, there may be a cut-off site in the Reproduction part. Analysis of all RFLP products was performed on 2% agarose gel and the gels havwereained using Greenview. 1.3. Statistics For statistical analysis of the received information, SPSS statistical software program was used. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the Pearson distribution were used to evaluate the allelic and genotypic frequency of the CDKN2A / B gene in rs10811661 polymorphism. The connection between gastric and intestinal most cancers danger and genotypes is tested using a student's t-test for quantitative variables and Pearson distribution for qualitative variables. The obtained outcomes have been evaluated withusing Chi-square statistical method and considering the P-value less than 0.05 as a different significance. Results 1.1. Identification of rs10811661 genotype in cdkn2a / b gene The genotypes were determined so that in individuals with homozygous genotype (TT), two pieces of RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) products with lengths of 344 bp and 49 bp were formed. In homozygous (CC) individuals who lacked a shear site. One piece of 393 bp was observed and in heterozygous individuals (CT), three pieces (393, 344, 49) were obtained in Figure (1). 1.2. Investigation Of Frequency In The Studied Conditions The following were found in colorectal cancer according to Table (1): The frequency of different rs10811661 polymorphisms in the CDKN2A / B gene was studied and CC (19%), CT (40%), and TT (41%) were determined. The frequency of the subjects according to age is 17% under 30 years, 40% (31–40), 36% (41–50), and 7% (51–60). Frequency tests are based on the stage of tumor growth, stage I (26%), stage II (50%), and stage III (24%). Evaluation of tumor invasiveness, invasive stage T3 (46%), highest frequency, and T2 (32%) and T1 (22%) were observed. Table (1) Frequency and frequency of cases studied Tumor invasiveness Tumor stage Age Genotype T 3 T 2 T 1 III stage II stage I stage 51-60 41-50 31-40 30< TT CT CC 46 32 22 24 50 26 7 36 40 17 41 40 19 Frequency 46 32 22 24 50 26 7 36 40 40 41 40 19 Percentage of frequency 100 54 22 100 76 26 100 93 57 17 The cumulative percentage The results show that the highest frequencies are in the TT genotype and age (40 − 31), in grade II, and in terms of invasiveness in the T3 stage. The following were found in gastric cancer according to Table (2): The frequency of different rs10811661 polymorphisms in the CDKN2A / B gene was studied and CC (19%), CT (40%), and TT (41%) were determined. The frequency of the subjects according to age is 31% under (25–34), 37% (35–43), and 32% (44–52). Frequency tests are based on the stage of tumor growth, stage I (32%), stage II (37%), and stage III (31%). Evaluation of tumor invasiveness, invasive stage T3 (46%), highest frequency, and T2 (32%) and T1 (22%) were observed. Table (2) Frequency and frequency of cases studied Genotype Age Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness CC CT TT 25–34 35–43 44–52 I stage II stage III stage T 1 T 2 T 3 Frequency 19 40 41 .31 37 32 32 37 31 22 32 46 Percentage of frequency 19 40 41 31 37 32 32 37 31 22 32 46 The cumulative percentage 31 68 100 32 69 100 22 54 100 The results showed that the highest frequency in TT genotype is in age (43 − 35), in grade II, and in terms of invasion in the T3 stage. Examining colon and stomach cancers, we came to the common conclusion that both have the highest frequency in the age range (30–45), in the TT genotype, in the T3 stage, and in II degrees. 1.1. Bilateral Frequency 1.1.1. study Investigating the relationship between age and the studied variables In the study of the relationship between age and the studied variables, the following items were found in colon cancer according to Table (3,4,5): In examining the relationship between age and genotype according to Table (3), no significant level was obtained for Spearman correlation, ie, the correlation rate was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.232, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and Genotype rejected Spearman correlation value is -0.123. In the analysis of variance according to table (4) between the relationship between age and genotype, the value of the F statistic is equal to 0.837. The probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.436, which is more than 0.05, so with confidence, 0.95The statistical null hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the genotypes is confirmed, so we can say that there is no significant difference between the mean groups. Regarding the means from the highest to the lowest, they are related to CC, CT, and TT, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.7368, 39.62,5, and 38.122, respectively. In examining the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness according to Table (3), based on Spearman correlation, it is more than 0.05 and equal to 0.955, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and tumor invasiveness rejected Spearman correlation value is -0.006. In the analysis of variance according to Table (4), the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness, the value of the F statistic is 0.058 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.944, which is more than 0.05, so with 95% confidence. The statistically zero hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the invasiveness of the tumor is confirmed, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean of the groups. Regarding the means from the highest to the lowest, respectively, related to T1, T3, and T2, their values are equal to 39.5, 39.3478, and 38.8438, respectively. In the study between age and tumor stage, a significant level was not obtained for Spearman correlation, ie the correlation was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.232, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistically zero hypotheses that there is a relationship between tumor stage and age is rejected. The value of the Spearman correlation is equal to -0.12. In the analysis of variance comparing the mean age and stage of the tumor, the value of the F statistic is 0.767 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.467, which is more than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical assumption of zero based on the mean age is confirmed to be equal to the tumor stage, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean groups. The means from highest to lowest are related to stage I, stage Ithe I, and stage III, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.5769, 39.16, and 37.875, respectively. Table 3 Significant examination of Spearman correlation hypothesis Type The correlation Sample size meaningful genotype -0.123 100 0.223 Tumor invasiveness -0.006 100 0.955 tumor stage -0.12 100 0.232 Table 4 ANOVA analysis of variance genotype Tumor invasiveness tumor stage Out of group Intergroup Out of group Intergroup Out of group Intergroup Total squares 99.711 5777.449 7.006 5870.154 91.469 5785/691 Degrees of freedom 2 97 2 97 2 97 Average squares 49.855 59.561 3.503 60.517 45.734 59.646 F 0.837 0.058 0.767 The significance level 0.436 0.944 0.467 Table 5 Average age in terms of variables genotype Tumor invasiveness tumor stage CC CT TT T 1 T 2 T 3 I II III Sample size 19 40 41 22 32 46 26 50 24 Average 40.7368 39.625 38.122 39.5 38.8438 39.3478 40.5769 39.16 37.875 Standard deviation 9.01753 7.69884 7.07529 7.60795 8.00338 7.56098 7.5428 7.49247 8.37342 In examining the relationship between age and variables in colon cancer, the highest mean includes CC genotype (40.7368) in invasive state T1 (39.5) and stage I (40.5769). In the study of the relationship between age and the studied variables, the following items were found in gastric cancer according to Table (6,7,8): In examining the relationship between age and genotype according to Table (6), no significant level was obtained for Spearman correlation, ie the correlation rate was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.223, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and Genotype rejected Spearman correlation value is -0.123. In the analysis of variance according to table (7) between the relationship between age and genotype, the value of the F statistic is equal to 0.837 and the probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.436, which is more than 0.05, so with confidence, 0.95The statistical null hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the genotypes is confirmed, so we can say that there is no significant difference between the mean groups. Regarding the means from the highest to the lowest, they are related to CC, CT, and TT, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.7368, 39.625, and 38.122, respectively. In examining the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness according to Table (6), based on Spearman correlation, it is more than 0.05 and equal to 0.285, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and tumor invasiveness rejected Spearman correlation value is 0.108. In the analysis of variance according to Table (7), the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness, the value of the F statistic is 0.058 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.944, which is more than 0.05, so with 95% confidence. The statistically zero hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the invasiveness of the tumor is confirmed, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean of the groups. Regarding the means from the highest to the lowest, respectively, related to T1, T3, and T2, their values are equal to 39.5, 39.3478, and 38.8438, respectively. In the study between age and tumor stage, a significant level was not obtained for Spearman correlation, ie the correlation was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.755, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistically zero hypotheses that there is a relationship between tumor stage and age is rejected. The value of the Spearman correlation is equal to -0.32. In the analysis of variance comparing the mean age and stage of the tumor, the value of the F statistic is 0.767 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.467, which is more than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical assumption of zero based on the mean age is confirmed to be equal to the tumor stage, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean groups. The means from highest to lowest are related to stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.5769, 39.16, and 37.875, respectively. Table 6 Significant examination of Spearman correlation hypothesis Type The correlation Sample size meaningful genotype -0.123 100 0.223 Tumor invasiveness 0.108 100 0.285 tumor stage -0.32 100 0.755 Table 7 ANOVA analysis of variance genotype Tumor invasiveness tumor stage Out of group Intergroup Out of group Intergroup Out of group Intergroup Total squares 99.711 5777.449 7.006 5870.154 91.469 5785/691 Degrees of freedom 2 97 2 97 2 97 Average squares 49.855 59.561 3.503 60.517 45.734 59.646 F 0.837 0.058 0.767 The significance level 0.436 0.944 0.467 Table 8 Average age in terms of variables genotype Tumor invasiveness tumor stage CC CT TT T 1 T 2 T 3 I II III Sample size 19 40 41 22 32 46 32 37 31 Average 40.7368 39.625 38.122 39.5 38.8438 39.3478 40.5769 39.16 37.875 Standard deviation 9.01753 7.69884 7.07529 7.60795 8.00338 7.56098 7.5428 7.49247 8.37342 In examining the relationship between age and variables in colon cancer, the highest mean includes CC genotype (40.7368) in invasive state T1 (39.5) and stage I (40.5769). The study of colon and gastric cancers both contained the highest values in CC genotype (40.7368) in invasive state T1 (39.5) and stage I (40.5769). 1.3.2. Investigating The Relationship Between Genotype And Variables In examining the relationship between genotype and the studied variables, the following items were found in colon cancer according to Table (9,10,11): The highest frequency of the CC genotype is in the stage II group, the highest frequency of the CT genotype is in stage III and the highest frequency of the TT genotype is in stage II. The value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 2.63 and its significance level is 0.638, which is more than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical null hypothesis of no relationship between tumor stage and genotype is confirmed. Thus, there is no relationship between tumor stage and genotype. Regarding the results of the equality test, the mean of the tumor stage component based on the genotype has a chi-square value of 0.447 and the probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.8, which is greater than 0.05, so with a confidence of 0.95, the null hypothesis is zero Statistics confirm that the means are equal. The highest frequency of tumor invasion is related to the CC genotype in the T2 group and the lowest rate is related to the T1 group. The value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 1.539 and its significance level is 0.836, which is more than 0.05, so with the confidence of 0.95, the Statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor invasion and genotype is confirmed, so there is no relationship between tumor invasion and genotype. Regarding the results of the equality test, the mean component of the tumor's invasiveness based on genotype has a value of 1.461 and the probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.482, which is more than 0.05, so with a confidence of 0.95, the null hypothesis Statistics on the equality of means are confirmed. Table 9 Descriptive statistics to investigate the relationship between tumor stage and genotype Genotype types Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness I II III T 1 T 2 T 3 CC 6 23.10% 12 46.20% 8 30.8% 3 13.6% 11 50% 8 36.4% CT 9 18% 17 34% 24 48% 6 18/8% 13 40.6% 13 40.6% TT 4 16.7% 11 45.8% 9 37.5% 10 21.7% 16 34.8% 20 43.5% Table 10 Chi-square test Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness Value Degrees of freedom Meaningful level Value Degrees of freedom Meaningful level Chi Square Pearson 2.556 4 0.635 1.567 4 0.815 Probability ratio 2.582 4 0.63 1.573 4 0.814 Fisher's exact test 2.63 0.638 1.539 0.836 Line by line 0.425 1 0.514 0.002 1 0.962 Sample size 100 100 Table 11 Kruskal-Walli’s test Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness Amara Kai Do. 0.447 1.461 Degrees of freedom 2 2 Meaningful level 0.8 0.482 In examining the relationship between genotype and the studied variables, the following items were found in gastric cancer according to Table (12): The highest frequency of the CC genotype is in the stage I group, the highest frequency of the CT genotype is in stage II and the highest frequency of the TT genotype is in stage III. The highest frequency of tumor invasion is related to the CC genotype in the T3 group and the lowest rate is related to the T1 group. Table 12 Descriptive statistics to investigate the relationship between tumor stage and genotype Genotype types Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness I II III T 1 T 2 T 3 CC 10 64.10% 4 17.62% 5 18.28% 2 13.6% 8 42.9% 9 43.5% CT 12 19% 18 58% 10 23% 11 15% 16 44.4% 13 40.6% TT 10 17% 15 41% 16 42% 9 18.2% 8 16.6% 24 65.2% In the study of colorectal cancer, the relationship between genotype and variables in the relationship between the two diseases, in colon cancer, the highest frequency of CC genotype in group II, the highest frequency of CT genotype in stage III, and the highest frequency of TT genotype in stage II; However, in gastric cancer, the highest frequency of CC genotype is in stage I group, the highest frequency of CT genotype is in stage II and the highest frequency of TT genotype is in stage III. In colon cancer, the highest incidence of tumor invasion was related to CC genotype in-group T2, and the lowest rate was related to group T1. Still, in gastric cancer, the highest frequency of tumor invasion was related to CC genotype in-group T3, and the lowest rate was related to group T1. 1.3.2. Investigating the relationship between the invasiveness of the tumor and the stage of the tumor In colorectal cancer, the Spearman correlation between tumor invasiveness and tumor stage was less than 0.05 and equal to 0.000, a significant level is obtained, and the Spearman correlation value is equal to 0.507 (Table 13 ). Given that the Spearman correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship is direct, that is, with the increase of one of these two variables, the other increases, and vice versa. The highest frequency is related to group T1 in stage I, and the lowest frequency is related to group T3 in stage I. The value of the Cascor Pearson statistic is 32.224 and its significance level is 0.000, which is less than 0.05 therefore, with 0.95 confidence, the statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor stage and tumor invasiveness is rejected. Therefore, there is a relationship between tumor stage and tumor invasiveness. T1s are mostly in the first stage; while T3s are, mostly they were placed in the third stage (Table 13 ). Examining the relationship between stage and tumor invasiveness in gastric and colon cancer, we found that the highest prevalence of colon cancer was in-group T1 and in stage I but in gastric cancer in-group T3 and stage III and also in stage I but with different groups (In colon cancer T3 and stomach cancer T1) has the lowest frequency (Table 14 ). Table 13 Chi-square test to assess the stage of the tumor and the degree of invasiveness of the tumor Value Degrees of freedom Meaningful level Chi Square Pearson 29.336 4 0.000 Probability ratio 34.547 4 0.000 Fisher's exact test 32.224 0.000 Line by line 24.042 1 0.000 Sample size 100 Table 14 Descriptive statistics of the relationship between being aggressive and the stage of the colon tumor T 1 T 2 T 3 Stage I. 13 54.50% 12 40.60% 1 2.20% Stage II. 8 36.40% 15 46.90% 27 58.70 Stage III 2 9.10 4 12.50 18 39.10 By examining the relationship between tumor stage and tumor invasiveness in gastric cancer, the highest frequency is related to group T3 in stage III and the lowest frequency is related to group T1 in stage I (Table 15 ). Table 15 Descriptive statistics of the relationship between being aggressive and the stage of the gastric tumor T 1 T 2 T 3 Stage I. 6 10.8% 13 44.6% 13 44.6% Stage II. 9 20.65% 9 20.65% 19 58.70% Stage III 7 27.3% 10 35.4% 14 40.9% 1.3.2. Investigation Of Gender Relations With The Studied Variables In the study of the relationship between gender and the studied variables, the following items were found in colon cancer according to Tables (16, 17, 18): In the study of gender and genotype, the CC genotype was 47.4% male and 52.6% female, respectively; the CT genotype comprises 55% male, and 45% female and the TT genotype was 46.3% male and 53.7% female respectively. The value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 0.672 and its significance level is 0.715, which is more than 0.05, therefore, with 0.95 confidence, the statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between genotype and gender is confirmed, so there is no relationship between genotype and gender. In examining the relationship between gender and tumor invasiveness, results such as T1 included 68.2% of men and 31.8% of women; T2 comprises 56.3% male and 43.8% female and T3 comprises 37% male and 63% female. The value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is 6.54 and its significance level is 0.038, which is less than 0.05, therefore, with a confidence of 0.95, the null statistical hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor invasiveness and gender is rejected. Therefore, there is a relationship between tumor invasiveness and gender. In the first and second stages, men are more and in the third stage, women are more. In the Student t-test, the value of the F statistic is equal to 0.002 and its significance level is 0.968, which is more than 0.05, it shows that there is a variance for the degree of invasiveness of the tumor in terms of both male and female groups, the value of t-statistic for comparison of the two groups is equal to -2.594 and the value of probability related to its significance is equal to 0.011, which is less than 0.05, so with a confidence of 0.95, the statistical zero assumption that the mean is equal The degree of invasiveness of the tumor is rejected according to the two groups of men and women, so it can be said that there is a significant difference between the mean of men and women and the average of women is higher. In the study of the relationship between gender and tumor stage, the results were as follows: 76.9% male and 23.1% female in stage I, 38% male and 62% female, 45.8% male, and 54.2% female include. The value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 10.585 and its significance level is 0.005, which is less than 0.05, therefore, with a confidence of 0.95, the statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor stage and sex is rejected. Therefore, there is a relationship between tumor stage and sex. In the first stage, men are more and in the second and third stages, women are more. In the Student T test, the value of the F statistic is equal to 6.725 and its significance level is 0.011, which is less than 0.05 Showing that there is no variance for the tumor stage in terms of male and female groups. It is less, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical hypothesis of zero that the mean of the tumor stage is equal in terms of both male and female groups is rejected, so it can be said that there is a significant difference between the mean of male and female groups and the average of women is higher. Table 16 Descriptive statistics on the relationship between gender and the variables studied Genotype Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness CC CT TT I II III T 1 T 2 T 3 Man 9 47.4% 22 55% 19 46.30% 20 76.90% 19 38% 11 45.80% 15 68.20% 18 56.30% 17 37% Female 10 52.6% 18 45% 22 53.7% 6 23.1% 31 62% 13 54.20% 7 31.8% 14 43.8% 29 63% Table 17 Chi-square test of the relationship between gender and the variables studied Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness Genotype Value Degrees of freedom Meaningful level Value Degrees of freedom Meaningful level Value Degrees of freedom Meaningful level Chi Square Pearson 10.585 2 0.005 6.54 2 0.038 0.672 2 0.715 Probability ratio 11.028 2 0.004 6.645 2 0.036 0.673 2 0.714 Line by line 5.073 1 0.024 6.362 1 0.012 0.072 1 0.789 Sample size 100 100 100 Table 18 Student's t-test examining variables by gender Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness F 6.725 0.002 Meaningful level 0.011 0.968 t -2.301 -2.594 -2.301 -2.594 Degrees of freedom 98 98 92.677 97.102 Meaningful level 0.024 0.011 0.024 0.011 With a review of colon cancer; Males have the highest frequency in CT genotype and stage I in aggressive T2 mode and females have the highest frequency in TT genotype and stage II in aggressive T3 mode. In the study of the relationship between gender and the studied variables, the following items were found in gastric cancer according to Table (19, 20): In the study of gender and genotype, the CC genotype was 74.4% male and 25.6% female, respectively; the CT genotype comprises 41.7% male, 58.3% female, and the TT genotype was 46.3% male and 53.7% female respectively. In examining the relationship between gender and tumor invasiveness, results such as T1 included 47.7% of men and 52.3% of women; T2 comprises 47.7% male and 52.3% female and T3 comprises 56.4% male and 43.6% female. In the study of the relationship between gender and tumor stage, the results were as follows: 56.4% male and 43.6% female in stage I, 43.6% male and 56.4% female, 52.3% male, and 47.7% female include. There was no significant difference between the gene type of male and female patients, the tumor grade of male and female patients, and the invasive nature of the tumor in male and female patients. Table 19 Descriptive statistics on the relationship between gender and the variables studied Genotype Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness CC CT TT I II III T 1 T 2 T 3 Man 20 74.4% 22 41.7% 8 46.30% 18 56.4% 16 43.6% 16 52.3% 10 47.7% 15 47.7% 25 56.4% Female 12 25.6% 28 58.3% 10 53.7% 14 43.6% 21 56.4% 15 47.7% 12 52.3% 17 52.3% 21 43.6% Table 20 Statistics and analysis of variance of studied treatments Genotype Tumor stage Tumor invasiveness Man Female Man Female Man Female Amara Loon Statistical average coefficients 2.02 2.4 1.96 2.02 2.30 2.18 Meaningful level 0.510 0.510 0.276 0.276 0.881 0.881 T-test for equality of means T-test -2.634 -2.634 -0.374 -0.374 0.775 0.775 Degrees of freedom 98 98 98 98 98 98 The significance level for the two domains 0.10 0.10 0.709 0.709 0.452 0.452 Mean difference -0.380 -0.380 -0.060 -0.060 0.120 0.120 With a review of gastric cancer; Males have the highest frequency in the CC genotype and stage I in aggressive T3 mode and females have the highest frequency in CT genotype and stage II in aggressive T1, and T2 mode. Discussion In conclusion, our results advocate that there is a link between a CDKN2A / B gene polymorphism (rs10811661) and a poor prognosis in sufferers of colorectal and gastric cancer. Humans with the TT genotype were more susceptible to colorectal and gastric cancer. Consistent with our consequences, recent research has also proven the prognostic position of CDKN2A / B in pancreatic, lung, breast, melanoma, and ovarian cancers (Qiu et al., 2015 [ 23 ]; Seifi et al., 2019 [ 25 ]; Compa et al., 2016 [ 40 ]; Schuster et al., 2014. [ 41 ]). Those observations can be defined by way of the function of CDKN2A / B in suppressing cell proliferation and inducing tumor cellular dying. Numerous studies have proven that methylation or regulation of ANRIL may lessen CDKN2A / B and its downstream tumor suppressants (p14ARF and p16INK4A), which main to tumor formation and progression. ANRIL has been proven to play a prime function in promoting transcriptional suppressors concerned with the discount of CDKN2A / B genes, leading to the genetic predisposition to diverse cancers (Congrains et al., 2013 [ 20 ]; Yap et al., 2010 [ 43 ]; Popov & Gil, 2010 [ 44 ]). In keeping with this data, sun et al. ANRIL expression changed into tested in 97 tumor and non-tumor tissue samples of the CRC placenta. They found that overexpression of ANRIL in tumor tissues was related to lower survival in CRC sufferers. in addition, their laboratory results confirmed that reduction of ANRIL in CRC cell strains decreased cell proliferation and invasion (sun et al., 2016 [ 45 ]). In another study, the correlation between ANRIL expression and clinical pathological functions of CRC was investigated in 108 sufferers. Their results indicated that overexpression of ANRIL in a CRC patient may be considered a risk aspect for poor diagnosis and tumor metastasis (sun et al., 2016 [ 46 ]). However, the potential function of ANRIL in colorectal tumorigenesis has not yet been decided. Recently, a huge-scale genomic correlation takes a look at was accomplished to research the association of 9p21 locus SNPs and the risk of neoplastic transformation in a couple of cancers. Their data showed that there are different genetic variations in this region related to the development of various types of cancer (Lee et al., 2014 [ 47 ]). In line with this, Gu et al. 203 analyzed SNP in the 9p21.3 area in several cancers, which include colorectal cancer. Their findings endorse that genetic variants in CDKN2A can be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancers and other tumors (Gu et al., 2013 [ 24 ]). Past research has shown that polymorphisms in insulin-resistant genes are effective in insulin resistance and weight gain [ 48 , 49 ] and on the risk of developing colon cancer [ 50 , 51 ]. Insulin receptors, or a decrease in insulin binding to the receptor, cause the genetic syndrome of insulin resistance [ 52 ], which in itself is a robust thing in growing the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Ghobadi and colleagues 2019, after examining the relationship between rs10811661 and rs1333049 polymorphisms in chromosome 9 P21 locus in CDKN2A / B gene, patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and healthy individuals concluded that in patients with carcinoma cancer, Esophageal squamous cells had a higher frequency of TT genotype for rs10811661 polymorphism than the control group and tumor size was reported to be larger in infected individuals. In addition, the mortality rate was higher in patients with CC genotype for rs1333049 polymorphism [ 53 ]. Hesari et al 2018, in research on the 2 polymorphisms of rs1801133 in methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase and rs10811661 in CDKN2A / B in patients with breast cancers, concluded that the frequency of T allele and TT genotype in methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene was more prevalent in patients than in the control group. The frequency of the C allele in rs10811661's CDKN2A / B gene was 72%. The results of the present observation are consistent with the effects of studies [ 54 ]. In a study conducted in 2018 by ShahidSales et al. On the association of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in healthy and breast cancer patients, they concluded that the frequency of TT genotype was higher in breast cancer patients than in the control group. In these people, the size of the tumor is also reported to be larger. In addition, genetic studies in these individuals have shown that people with TT genotype are more likely to develop breast cancer than those with CC / CT genotypes [ 55 ]. In 2020, Rahmani et al. studied the association between rs10811661 polymorphism and colorectal cancer in 541 healthy and diseased individuals. Their research method was Taq-Man-based real-time PCR. The results confirmed the effect of this polymorphism on colorectal cancer and introduced this polymorphism as a suitable biomarker for predicting this cancer [56]. Consistent with these observations, our data support a sizeable association between CDKN2A / B gene polymorphisms, rs10811661, and colorectal and gastric cancers. In this study, a similar result was observed, which indicates a direct relationship between TT genotype in rs10811661 polymorphism with gastric and colon cancer, tumor invasiveness, and tumor grade. In addition, there was a difference in the degree of dependence of gastric and colon cancer on the rs10811661 polymorphism genotype with sex, but the grade and aggressiveness of the tumor were not particularly dependent on the sex of the patient. Also, in different genotypes, the percentage of the frequency distribution of different phases of invasiveness and tumor grade was different, which indicates the effect of this polymorphism on these two characteristics, and also the highest frequency of tumor grade in CC grade I, in grade II CT and grade III TT and the highest percentage of T3 phase frequency, tumor invasiveness was also observed in TT condition. Declarations Ethics approval The Imam Khomeini hospital Ethics Committee and Mashhad university of medical sciences approved all research with the approval number (IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1397.468). Conflict of interests There are no conflicts of interest declared by the authors. Funding This research received no external funding. Availability of data and material All experimental protocols were performed according to the guidelines approved by the ethical committee of Mashhad university of medical sciences. The data that support the findings of this study are available from The Imam Khomeini hospital but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of The Imam Khomeini hospital. Author contributions All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. All authors revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content and read and approved the final manuscript. Consent for publication Not applicable Consent of participates Informed consent was obtained from all the participants for participation in the study. Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank the Kavian Institute of Higher Education. References Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. 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Supplementary Files IMG8377.jpg IMG8386.jpg Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 16 Oct, 2023 Read the published version in BMC Cancer → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 20 Apr, 2023 Reviews received at journal 24 Mar, 2023 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Mar, 2023 Reviewers invited by journal 23 Mar, 2023 Editor assigned by journal 23 Mar, 2023 Editor invited by journal 06 Mar, 2023 Submission checks completed at journal 06 Mar, 2023 First submitted to journal 10 Feb, 2023 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2573969","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":181112808,"identity":"5e77bffc-c35b-49ff-a681-7c3a0b1ca126","order_by":0,"name":"Maria Beihaghi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABA0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCAyDEJsHAwMxgYMPAIEGiljTitEB0gbUwHCasRbf97MMDPxjuyPFJNz9+XVBwPrF/dvPBBww1NtG4tJidSTc42MPwzJhN5piZ9QyD24kz7hxLNmA4lpbbgEvLgTSGAzwMhxPbJBLMjHmAWhpu5JhJMDYcxq3l/DOGg38YDte3SaR/A2o5lzifoJYbaQyHgbYksEnkGD/mMTiQuIGwlmcMh2UYnhm2SeSUMfMYJBtvvJGWbJCAzy/n05g/vmG4Iy8/I33zZ54/drLzbiQffPChxganFjBg/AemQLHJ4AhWmYBPORJg/gAk7IlUPApGwSgYBSMIAADs+V+7066HpwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Kavian Institute of Higher Education","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Maria","middleName":"","lastName":"Beihaghi","suffix":""},{"id":181112810,"identity":"a9e6c106-952c-4b92-b144-914291ad1abc","order_by":1,"name":"Reza Sahebi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Reza","middleName":"","lastName":"Sahebi","suffix":""},{"id":181112812,"identity":"8be7bc15-adb0-4cad-afde-35999d4509e3","order_by":2,"name":"Mohammad Reza Beihaghi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sheffield Hallam University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"Reza","lastName":"Beihaghi","suffix":""},{"id":181112813,"identity":"1d957550-679b-4fa6-91cb-c44043a72297","order_by":3,"name":"Raheleh khosravi nessiani","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sahand University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Raheleh","middleName":"khosravi","lastName":"nessiani","suffix":""},{"id":181112815,"identity":"13bc5584-d659-44c7-b83d-e1270c4c6e1c","order_by":4,"name":"Majedeh Ramian Yarasmi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Majedeh","middleName":"Ramian","lastName":"Yarasmi","suffix":""},{"id":181112816,"identity":"db987fde-53f3-4383-96d5-a340dcab330a","order_by":5,"name":"Sajad Gholamalizadeh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kavian Institute of Higher Education","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sajad","middleName":"","lastName":"Gholamalizadeh","suffix":""},{"id":181112817,"identity":"c626aa78-35d3-4f54-a0ce-3c2a8741e330","order_by":6,"name":"Fatemeh Shahabnavaie","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fatemeh","middleName":"","lastName":"Shahabnavaie","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-02-10 17:14:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573969/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573969/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11461-6","type":"published","date":"2023-10-16T15:00:32+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":34192859,"identity":"2ec13b35-4c7c-468f-bd42-09b929ea6d20","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-03-13 22:39:03","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":38459,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe first column on the right is for DNA-sized markers. The second column relates to the homozygous genotype (CC) with a 393 bp bond. The third column represents the homozygous genotype (TT) with 344 and 49 bp bonds.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2573969/v1/3762564a48ce868316b2599e.jpg"},{"id":45090664,"identity":"91428edb-1020-4f6a-894c-9672dfc4b661","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-10-23 15:03:02","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":903943,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2573969/v1/03d86024-ebfb-4f88-b374-910a6a713785.pdf"},{"id":34193743,"identity":"638b578c-5993-4fe7-869e-87fff47f28d5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-03-13 22:47:03","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":90718,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"IMG8377.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2573969/v1/f115131efa43cd156c8fffcb.jpg"},{"id":34192861,"identity":"0ed73a37-c86b-4d74-ba00-159fe210e549","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-03-13 22:39:03","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":2510431,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"IMG8386.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2573969/v1/db297920e6f68e0656a92d2c.jpg"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Evaluation of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in colon and gastric cancer","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eGastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for about 800,000 deaths annually [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. In popular, the common age of onset is 60 to eighty years, and under 30 years is rare. For this reason, GC is considered an aging sickness [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]. The countries of East Asia, accompanied by Eastern Europe and South America, have the highest rates of infection. The lowest rates are observed in North America and Africa [129]. However, the prevalence of GC has decreased in most countries. Regardless of advances in diagnosis, the ailment is normally recognized in advanced levels, in particular, because of the nonspecific nature of the signs within the early ranges. The average 5-years survival is only 20%. Further, surgical treatment and chemotherapy are of restricted value in treating advanced instances. Further, a wide variety of centered cures are available using molecular markers [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGC is a multifactorial sickness that includes a way of life, aging, socioeconomic factors, infectious agents inclusive of Helicobacter pylori (classified as group 1 carcinogenic and associated with 80% of cases), Epstein-Barr virus (related to 10% of tumors), and multiple genetics and epigenetic versions [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Consistent with Loren\u0026apos;s type, gastric adenocarcinomas are divided into Intestinal (nicely differentiated with cohesive neoplastic cells, forming tubular gland-like systems) and diffuse (poorly differentiated with penetration and thickening of the gastric wall without discrete loads). Those two kinds fluctuate now not handiest in histological evaluation but also in sex, age, and other epidemiological functions [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eColorectal cancer is the third most common tumor and the fourth leading cause of demise within the eastern global [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. The prevalence of this cancer varies from race to race; it is also related to age, diet, family history, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and alcohol consumption [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Another cause of colorectal cancer is polyps. Polyps are clusters of cells that develop within the middle of the colon. These polyps may transform into malignant tumors [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. Further to many of these factors, the function of genetic factors in the spread of colon cancer can\u0026apos;t be disregarded. One of the pathways in which the polymorphism of the involved genes is related to colorectal cancer is the insulin-signaling pathway [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInsulin is a hormone secreted by beta cells inside the islets of the pancreas. This hormone\u0026rsquo;s function in regulating blood sugar (glucose) is known. Insulin controls cellular growth by binding to its receptor [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e] and prevents the deliberate loss of life of cells [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. From the factor of view of molecular biology, the insulin receptor is a membrane receptor activated by binding to insulin [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]. After the insulin binds to its receptor, the subunits of the insulin receptor are phosphorylated and the insulin-signaling pathway for glycogen formation is decreased [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]. Due to the fact that tyrosine, kinase receptors are involved in programmed cell death, metastasis, and cell growth and proliferation, their effect on malignancies isn\u0026apos;t unexpected [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn place 5, there is an area of insulin receptor genes that is wealthy in GC, and transcription factors are attached to it [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Polymorphism in this area reasons a decrease in the degree of insulin receptor expression [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNumerous genetically related studies have shown that genetic changes on chromosome 9p21 can be concerned in numerous malignancies which include leukemia, glioma, ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancers [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e]. This location is understood for the cyclin A and B-established kinase inhibitors called CDKN2A / B, which are involved in numerous metabolic and pathological issues consisting of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer\u0026apos;s [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent data have proven that the CDKN2A / B gene can alter cell increase by using stopping the cell cycle in section G1. Cell cycle progression inside the G1 phase is mainly modulated through the p14ARF, p15INK4B, and 16INK4A proteins ([\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]). Tumor suppressor proteins p15INK4B and 16INK4A stop the cell cycle by decreasing cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and six (CDK4, 6), whilst p14ARF protein promotes apoptosis and mobile cycle by promoting the m5m2 -p signaling pathway through p5 mdmart [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e]. Whilst the tumor suppressor\u0026rsquo;s p14ARF and p16INK4A are proven to be encoded by CDKN2A, the p15INK4B protein is encoded using CDKN2B [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere\u0026rsquo;s new evidence that genes inside the CDKN2A / B locus genes were mutated or deleted in several human cancers. Several SNPs at the CDKN2A / 2B site lessen their expression and result in tumor cell proliferation and progression [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrent data have proven that deletion of CDKN2A / B is associated with poor prognosis and lower survival in patients with cutaneous T mobile lymphoma [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e]. In another large-scale meta-analysis study performed by Lou et al., the relationship between CDKN2A / B rs4977756 gene polymorphism and the risk of glioma in 18,893 patients without or with cancer was investigated. This evaluation showed that rs4977756 polymorphism is drastically related to the risk of glioma [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e]. Consistent with that research, the polymorphism correlation of the CDKN2A / B gene (rs10811661) was studied in 564 breast cancer sufferers and the outcomes confirmed that people with TT genotype have been extra susceptible to breast cancer [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e]. The affiliation of the two SNPs changed into assessed with the aid of CDKN2A / B locus (rs1333049 and rs10811661) and the clinical manifestations of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and counseled that the CC rs1333049 genotype was polymorphically associated with a weaker overall prognosis [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Material And Methods","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"Section2\" id=\"Sec2\"\u003e\n \u003ch3\u003e1.1. patient samples\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA complete of 400 patients (100 sufferers with colorectal cancer, 100 patients with gastric cancer, and 200 healthy sufferers) from Imam Khomeini medical institution in Tehran were selected. Instances of colorectal and belly cancers have been identified with colonoscopic findings and histopathological evaluation. All sufferers submitted written and informed consent and the study was approved with the aid of the ethics committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.2. DNA Genotype\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeripheral blood samples had been taken from all patients and controls for genetic exams. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using the standard phenol-chloroform technique [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sequence of BSPHL polymorphism (rs10811661) using approach PCR (Polymerase chain response) unique primers forward: 5\u0026apos;-cagaatggtcttaaaaatgggtgt3\u0026rsquo;, Reveres: 5\u0026apos;-ttcagaataagaaacaaggcaac3 \u0026apos; was performed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primers were designed using gene sequences obtained from Gene Runner and Primer3 websites and software received from NCBI. Conditions and PCR application have been as follows: first 5 mins of initial denaturation at 95 \u0026deg; C and then 35 cycles with this application 32 seconds of denaturation at 95 \u0026deg; C, 42 seconds at 62 \u0026deg; C to connect the primers, 42 seconds were executed at 72 \u0026deg; C for propagation and on the end of 5 minutes at 72 \u0026deg; C for final propagation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePCR products have been digested using BSPHL restrict enzyme (fermentas) at a reaction rate of 5U for 16 hours at 37 \u0026deg; C. due to the truth that for this enzyme, in the presence of an ordinary (pro) allele, there may be a cut-off site in the Reproduction part. Analysis of all RFLP products was performed on 2% agarose gel and the gels havwereained using Greenview.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.3. Statistics\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor statistical analysis of the received information, SPSS statistical software program was used. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the Pearson distribution were used to evaluate the allelic and genotypic frequency of the CDKN2A / B gene in rs10811661 polymorphism. The connection between gastric and intestinal most cancers danger and genotypes is tested using a student\u0026apos;s t-test for quantitative variables and Pearson distribution for qualitative variables. The obtained outcomes have been evaluated withusing Chi-square statistical method and considering the P-value less than 0.05 as a different significance.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"Section2\" id=\"Sec6\"\u003e\n \u003ch3\u003e1.1. Identification of rs10811661 genotype in cdkn2a / b gene\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe genotypes were determined so that in individuals with homozygous genotype (TT), two pieces of RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) products with lengths of 344 bp and 49 bp were formed. In homozygous (CC) individuals who lacked a shear site. One piece of 393 bp was observed and in heterozygous individuals (CT), three pieces (393, 344, 49) were obtained in Figure (1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.2. Investigation Of Frequency In The Studied Conditions\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following were found in colorectal cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(1):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe frequency of different rs10811661 polymorphisms in the CDKN2A / B gene was studied and CC (19%), CT (40%), and TT (41%) were determined.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe frequency of the subjects according to age is 17% under 30 years, 40% (31\u0026ndash;40), 36% (41\u0026ndash;50), and 7% (51\u0026ndash;60).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency tests are based on the stage of tumor growth, stage I (26%), stage II (50%), and stage III (24%).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of tumor invasiveness, invasive stage T3 (46%), highest frequency, and T2 (32%) and T1 (22%) were observed.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;(1) Frequency and frequency of cases studied\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" dir=\"rtl\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor stage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGenotype\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.543103448275862%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.267241379310345%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.189655172413794%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.405172413793103%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIII\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003estage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.836206896551724%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eII\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003estage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.758620689655173%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003estage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.172413793103448%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e51-60\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.0344827586206895%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e41-50\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.327586206896552%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e31-40\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.4655172413793105%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e30\u0026lt;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.189655172413794%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.698275862068966%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.112068965517241%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.0344827586206895%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.413793103448276%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.551724137931035%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.724137931034483%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.068965517241379%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.206896551724138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.137931034482759%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.827586206896552%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.862068965517241%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.172413793103448%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.551724137931035%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.758620689655173%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.689655172413793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFrequency\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.0344827586206895%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.413793103448276%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.551724137931035%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.724137931034483%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.068965517241379%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.206896551724138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.137931034482759%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.827586206896552%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.862068965517241%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.172413793103448%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.551724137931035%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.758620689655173%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.689655172413793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePercentage of frequency\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.0344827586206895%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.413793103448276%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.551724137931035%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.724137931034483%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.068965517241379%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.206896551724138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.137931034482759%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.827586206896552%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.862068965517241%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.172413793103448%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.551724137931035%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.758620689655173%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.689655172413793%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp dir=\"LTR\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe cumulative percentage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe results show that the highest frequencies are in the TT genotype and age (40\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;31), in grade II, and in terms of invasiveness in the T3 stage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following were found in gastric cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(2):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe frequency of different rs10811661 polymorphisms in the CDKN2A / B gene was studied and CC (19%), CT (40%), and TT (41%) were determined.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe frequency of the subjects according to age is 31% under (25\u0026ndash;34), 37% (35\u0026ndash;43), and 32% (44\u0026ndash;52).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency tests are based on the stage of tumor growth, stage I (32%), stage II (37%), and stage III (31%).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEvaluation of tumor invasiveness, invasive stage T3 (46%), highest frequency, and T2 (32%) and T1 (22%) were observed.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;(2) Frequency and frequency of cases studied\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tabb\"\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u0026ndash;43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44\u0026ndash;52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFrequency\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePercentage of frequency\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe cumulative percentage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe results showed that the highest frequency in TT genotype is in age (43\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;35), in grade II, and in terms of invasion in the T3 stage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExamining colon and stomach cancers, we came to the common conclusion that both have the highest frequency in the age range (30\u0026ndash;45), in the TT genotype, in the T3 stage, and in II degrees.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.1. Bilateral Frequency\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"Section2\" id=\"Sec9\"\u003e\n \u003ch3\u003e1.1.1. study Investigating the relationship between age and the studied variables\u003c/h3\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study of the relationship between age and the studied variables, the following items were found in colon cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(3,4,5):\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between age and genotype according to Table\u0026nbsp;(3), no significant level was obtained for Spearman correlation, ie, the correlation rate was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.232, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and Genotype rejected Spearman correlation value is -0.123.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ol\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the analysis of variance according to table (4) between the relationship between age and genotype, the value of the F statistic is equal to 0.837. The probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.436, which is more than 0.05, so with confidence, 0.95The statistical null hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the genotypes is confirmed, so we can say that there is no significant difference between the mean groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegarding the means from the highest to the lowest, they are related to CC, CT, and TT, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.7368, 39.62,5, and 38.122, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness according to Table\u0026nbsp;(3), based on Spearman correlation, it is more than 0.05 and equal to 0.955, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and tumor invasiveness rejected Spearman correlation value is -0.006.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ol\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the analysis of variance according to Table\u0026nbsp;(4), the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness, the value of the F statistic is 0.058 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.944, which is more than 0.05, so with 95% confidence. The statistically zero hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the invasiveness of the tumor is confirmed, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean of the groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegarding the means from the highest to the lowest, respectively, related to T1, T3, and T2, their values are equal to 39.5, 39.3478, and 38.8438, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study between age and tumor stage, a significant level was not obtained for Spearman correlation, ie the correlation was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.232, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistically zero hypotheses that there is a relationship between tumor stage and age is rejected. The value of the Spearman correlation is equal to -0.12.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ol\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the analysis of variance comparing the mean age and stage of the tumor, the value of the F statistic is 0.767 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.467, which is more than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical assumption of zero based on the mean age is confirmed to be equal to the tumor stage, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe means from highest to lowest are related to stage I, stage Ithe I, and stage III, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.5769, 39.16, and 37.875, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSignificant examination of Spearman correlation hypothesis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe correlation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSample size\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emeaningful\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003egenotype\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.123\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.223\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.955\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003etumor stage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab2\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eANOVA analysis of variance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003etumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOut of group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntergroup\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOut of group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntergroup\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOut of group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntergroup\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal squares\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.711\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5777.449\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5870.154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91.469\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5785/691\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAverage squares\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.855\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.561\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.503\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.517\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.734\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.646\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eF\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.058\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.767\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe significance level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.436\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.944\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.467\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab3\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAverage age in terms of variables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003etumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAverage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.7368\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.625\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.8438\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.3478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.5769\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.875\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStandard deviation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.01753\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.69884\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.07529\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.60795\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.00338\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.56098\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5428\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.49247\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.37342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between age and variables in colon cancer, the highest mean includes CC genotype (40.7368) in invasive state T1 (39.5) and stage I (40.5769).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study of the relationship between age and the studied variables, the following items were found in gastric cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(6,7,8):\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between age and genotype according to Table\u0026nbsp;(6), no significant level was obtained for Spearman correlation, ie the correlation rate was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.223, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and Genotype rejected Spearman correlation value is -0.123.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ol\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the analysis of variance according to table (7) between the relationship between age and genotype, the value of the F statistic is equal to 0.837 and the probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.436, which is more than 0.05, so with confidence, 0.95The statistical null hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the genotypes is confirmed, so we can say that there is no significant difference between the mean groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegarding the means from the highest to the lowest, they are related to CC, CT, and TT, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.7368, 39.625, and 38.122, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness according to Table\u0026nbsp;(6), based on Spearman correlation, it is more than 0.05 and equal to 0.285, so with a confidence of 0.95 statistical assumptions of zero relationships between age and tumor invasiveness rejected Spearman correlation value is 0.108.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ol\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the analysis of variance according to Table\u0026nbsp;(7), the relationship between age and tumor invasiveness, the value of the F statistic is 0.058 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.944, which is more than 0.05, so with 95% confidence. The statistically zero hypothesis that the mean age is equal to the invasiveness of the tumor is confirmed, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean of the groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRegarding the means from the highest to the lowest, respectively, related to T1, T3, and T2, their values are equal to 39.5, 39.3478, and 38.8438, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study between age and tumor stage, a significant level was not obtained for Spearman correlation, ie the correlation was more than 0.05 and equal to 0.755, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistically zero hypotheses that there is a relationship between tumor stage and age is rejected. The value of the Spearman correlation is equal to -0.32.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003c/ol\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the analysis of variance comparing the mean age and stage of the tumor, the value of the F statistic is 0.767 and the probability value of its significance is equal to 0.467, which is more than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical assumption of zero based on the mean age is confirmed to be equal to the tumor stage, so it can be said that there is no significant difference between the mean groups.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe means from highest to lowest are related to stage I, stage II, and stage III, respectively, and their values are equal to 40.5769, 39.16, and 37.875, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab4\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSignificant examination of Spearman correlation hypothesis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe correlation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSample size\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emeaningful\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003egenotype\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.123\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.223\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.285\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003etumor stage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.755\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab5\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 7\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eANOVA analysis of variance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003etumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOut of group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntergroup\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOut of group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntergroup\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOut of group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntergroup\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal squares\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.711\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5777.449\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5870.154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91.469\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5785/691\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAverage squares\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.855\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.561\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.503\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.517\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.734\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.646\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eF\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.058\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.767\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe significance level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.436\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.944\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.467\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab6\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 8\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAverage age in terms of variables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003etumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAverage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.7368\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.625\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.122\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.8438\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.3478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.5769\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.875\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStandard deviation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.01753\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.69884\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.07529\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.60795\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.00338\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.56098\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5428\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.49247\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.37342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between age and variables in colon cancer, the highest mean includes CC genotype (40.7368) in invasive state T1 (39.5) and stage I (40.5769).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe study of colon and gastric cancers both contained the highest values in CC genotype (40.7368) in invasive state T1 (39.5) and stage I (40.5769).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.3.2. Investigating The Relationship Between Genotype And Variables\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between genotype and the studied variables, the following items were found in colon cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(9,10,11):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe highest frequency of the CC genotype is in the stage II group, the highest frequency of the CT genotype is in stage III and the highest frequency of the TT genotype is in stage II.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 2.63 and its significance level is 0.638, which is more than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical null hypothesis of no relationship between tumor stage and genotype is confirmed. Thus, there is no relationship between tumor stage and genotype.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding the results of the equality test, the mean of the tumor stage component based on the genotype has a chi-square value of 0.447 and the probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.8, which is greater than 0.05, so with a confidence of 0.95, the null hypothesis is zero Statistics confirm that the means are equal.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe highest frequency of tumor invasion is related to the CC genotype in the T2 group and the lowest rate is related to the T1 group.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 1.539 and its significance level is 0.836, which is more than 0.05, so with the confidence of 0.95, the Statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor invasion and genotype is confirmed, so there is no relationship between tumor invasion and genotype.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding the results of the equality test, the mean component of the tumor\u0026apos;s invasiveness based on genotype has a value of 1.461 and the probability value related to its significance is equal to 0.482, which is more than 0.05, so with a confidence of 0.95, the null hypothesis Statistics on the equality of means are confirmed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable 9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics to investigate the relationship between tumor stage and genotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"24.087591240875913%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGenotype types\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"37.956204379562045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor stage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"37.956204379562045%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.701923076923077%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.471153846153847%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eII\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.826923076923077%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIII\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.548076923076923%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.826923076923077%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.625%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.087591240875913%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.401459854014599%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.10%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.781021897810218%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.20%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.773722627737227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.321167883211679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.773722627737227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.861313868613138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.087591240875913%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.401459854014599%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.781021897810218%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.773722627737227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.321167883211679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.773722627737227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.861313868613138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.087591240875913%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.401459854014599%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.781021897810218%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.773722627737227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.5%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.321167883211679%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.773722627737227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.861313868613138%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.5%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable 10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChi-square test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"16.84053651266766%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"42.32488822652757%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor stage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" width=\"40.83457526080477%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.595706618962433%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValue\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.99463327370304%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.39355992844365%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132379248658319%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eValue\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.669051878354203%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20.214669051878353%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChi Square Pearson\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.30952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.556\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.136904761904763%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.964285714285715%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.635\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.755952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.567\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.202380952380953%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.815\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProbability ratio\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.30952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.582\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.136904761904763%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.964285714285715%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.755952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.573\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.202380952380953%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.814\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFisher\u0026apos;s exact test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.30952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.136904761904763%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.964285714285715%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.638\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.755952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.539\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.202380952380953%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.836\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLine by line\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.30952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.425\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.136904761904763%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.964285714285715%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.514\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.755952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.202380952380953%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.962\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.30952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.136904761904763%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.964285714285715%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.755952380952381%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.202380952380953%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.81547619047619%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab9\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 11\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKruskal-Walli\u0026rsquo;s test\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmara Kai Do.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.447\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.461\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between genotype and the studied variables, the following items were found in gastric cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(12):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe highest frequency of the CC genotype is in the stage I group, the highest frequency of the CT genotype is in stage II and the highest frequency of the TT genotype is in stage III.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe highest frequency of tumor invasion is related to the CC genotype in the T3 group and the lowest rate is related to the T1 group.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab10\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 12\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics to investigate the relationship between tumor stage and genotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenotype types\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCC\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.10%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.62%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.28%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.9%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.5%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTT\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.2%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.2%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the study of colorectal cancer, the relationship between genotype and variables in the relationship between the two diseases, in colon cancer, the highest frequency of CC genotype in group II, the highest frequency of CT genotype in stage III, and the highest frequency of TT genotype in stage II; However, in gastric cancer, the highest frequency of CC genotype is in stage I group, the highest frequency of CT genotype is in stage II and the highest frequency of TT genotype is in stage III.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn colon cancer, the highest incidence of tumor invasion was related to CC genotype in-group T2, and the lowest rate was related to group T1. Still, in gastric cancer, the highest frequency of tumor invasion was related to CC genotype in-group T3, and the lowest rate was related to group T1.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.3.2. Investigating the relationship between the invasiveness of the tumor and the stage of the tumor\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn colorectal cancer, the Spearman correlation between tumor invasiveness and tumor stage was less than 0.05 and equal to 0.000, a significant level is obtained, and the Spearman correlation value is equal to 0.507 (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e). Given that the Spearman correlation coefficient is positive, the relationship is direct, that is, with the increase of one of these two variables, the other increases, and vice versa.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe highest frequency is related to group T1 in stage I, and the lowest frequency is related to group T3 in stage I.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of the Cascor Pearson statistic is 32.224 and its significance level is 0.000, which is less than 0.05 therefore, with 0.95 confidence, the statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor stage and tumor invasiveness is rejected. Therefore, there is a relationship between tumor stage and tumor invasiveness. T1s are mostly in the first stage; while T3s are, mostly they were placed in the third stage (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExamining the relationship between stage and tumor invasiveness in gastric and colon cancer, we found that the highest prevalence of colon cancer was in-group T1 and in stage I but in gastric cancer in-group T3 and stage III and also in stage I but with different groups (In colon cancer T3 and stomach cancer T1) has the lowest frequency (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab11\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 13\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChi-square test to assess the stage of the tumor and the degree of invasiveness of the tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChi Square Pearson\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.336\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProbability ratio\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.547\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFisher\u0026apos;s exact test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.224\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLine by line\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab12\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 14\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics of the relationship between being aggressive and the stage of the colon tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStage I.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.50%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.60%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.20%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStage II.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.40%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.90%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStage III\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy examining the relationship between tumor stage and tumor invasiveness in gastric cancer, the highest frequency is related to group T3 in stage III and the lowest frequency is related to group T1 in stage I (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab13\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 15\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics of the relationship between being aggressive and the stage of the gastric tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStage I.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStage II.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.65%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.65%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.70%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStage III\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.3%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.9%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1.3.2. Investigation Of Gender Relations With The Studied Variables\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the study of the relationship between gender and the studied variables, the following items were found in colon cancer according to Tables\u0026nbsp;(16, 17, 18):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study of gender and genotype, the CC genotype was 47.4% male and 52.6% female, respectively; the CT genotype comprises 55% male, and 45% female and the TT genotype was 46.3% male and 53.7% female respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 0.672 and its significance level is 0.715, which is more than 0.05, therefore, with 0.95 confidence, the statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between genotype and gender is confirmed, so there is no relationship between genotype and gender.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between gender and tumor invasiveness, results such as T1 included 68.2% of men and 31.8% of women; T2 comprises 56.3% male and 43.8% female and T3 comprises 37% male and 63% female.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is 6.54 and its significance level is 0.038, which is less than 0.05, therefore, with a confidence of 0.95, the null statistical hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor invasiveness and gender is rejected. Therefore, there is a relationship between tumor invasiveness and gender. In the first and second stages, men are more and in the third stage, women are more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the Student t-test, the value of the F statistic is equal to 0.002 and its significance level is 0.968, which is more than 0.05, it shows that there is a variance for the degree of invasiveness of the tumor in terms of both male and female groups, the value of t-statistic for comparison of the two groups is equal to -2.594 and the value of probability related to its significance is equal to 0.011, which is less than 0.05, so with a confidence of 0.95, the statistical zero assumption that the mean is equal The degree of invasiveness of the tumor is rejected according to the two groups of men and women, so it can be said that there is a significant difference between the mean of men and women and the average of women is higher.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study of the relationship between gender and tumor stage, the results were as follows: 76.9% male and 23.1% female in stage I, 38% male and 62% female, 45.8% male, and 54.2% female include.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe value of the Chi-square-Pearson statistic is equal to 10.585 and its significance level is 0.005, which is less than 0.05, therefore, with a confidence of 0.95, the statistical null hypothesis that there is no relationship between tumor stage and sex is rejected. Therefore, there is a relationship between tumor stage and sex. In the first stage, men are more and in the second and third stages, women are more.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the Student T test, the value of the F statistic is equal to 6.725 and its significance level is 0.011, which is less than 0.05 Showing that there is no variance for the tumor stage in terms of male and female groups. It is less, so with 0.95 confidence, the statistical hypothesis of zero that the mean of the tumor stage is equal in terms of both male and female groups is rejected, so it can be said that there is a significant difference between the mean of male and female groups and the average of women is higher.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab14\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 16\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics on the relationship between gender and the variables studied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMan\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.30%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76.90%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.80%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.20%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.30%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFemale\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.1%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.20%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.8%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab15\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 17\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChi-square test of the relationship between gender and the variables studied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChi Square Pearson\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.585\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.038\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.672\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.715\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProbability ratio\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.028\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.645\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.036\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.673\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.714\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLine by line\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.073\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.362\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.789\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab16\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 18\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStudent\u0026apos;s t-test examining variables by gender\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eF\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.725\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.968\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003et\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.301\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.594\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.301\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.594\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.677\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97.102\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith a review of colon cancer; Males have the highest frequency in CT genotype and stage I in aggressive T2 mode and females have the highest frequency in TT genotype and stage II in aggressive T3 mode.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the study of the relationship between gender and the studied variables, the following items were found in gastric cancer according to Table\u0026nbsp;(19, 20):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study of gender and genotype, the CC genotype was 74.4% male and 25.6% female, respectively; the CT genotype comprises 41.7% male, 58.3% female, and the TT genotype was 46.3% male and 53.7% female respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn examining the relationship between gender and tumor invasiveness, results such as T1 included 47.7% of men and 52.3% of women; T2 comprises 47.7% male and 52.3% female and T3 comprises 56.4% male and 43.6% female.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the study of the relationship between gender and tumor stage, the results were as follows: 56.4% male and 43.6% female in stage I, 43.6% male and 56.4% female, 52.3% male, and 47.7% female include.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no significant difference between the gene type of male and female patients, the tumor grade of male and female patients, and the invasive nature of the tumor in male and female patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab17\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 19\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics on the relationship between gender and the variables studied\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIII\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMan\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.30%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.3%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFemale\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.3%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.4%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47.7%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.3%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.3%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.6%\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" id=\"Tab18\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 20\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatistics and analysis of variance of studied treatments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenotype\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor invasiveness\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMan\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMan\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMan\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmara Loon\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistical average coefficients\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeaningful level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.510\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.510\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.881\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.881\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT-test for equality of means\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT-test\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.634\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.634\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.775\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.775\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegrees of freedom\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe significance level for the two domains\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.709\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.709\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean difference\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.380\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.380\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.060\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.060\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith a review of gastric cancer; Males have the highest frequency in the CC genotype and stage I in aggressive T3 mode and females have the highest frequency in CT genotype and stage II in aggressive T1, and T2 mode.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, our results advocate that there is a link between a CDKN2A / B gene polymorphism (rs10811661) and a poor prognosis in sufferers of colorectal and gastric cancer. Humans with the TT genotype were more susceptible to colorectal and gastric cancer. Consistent with our consequences, recent research has also proven the prognostic position of CDKN2A / B in pancreatic, lung, breast, melanoma, and ovarian cancers (Qiu et al., 2015 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]; Seifi et al., 2019 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]; Compa et al., 2016 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e]; Schuster et al., 2014. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e]).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThose observations can be defined by way of the function of CDKN2A / B in suppressing cell proliferation and inducing tumor cellular dying. Numerous studies have proven that methylation or regulation of ANRIL may lessen CDKN2A / B and its downstream tumor suppressants (p14ARF and p16INK4A), which main to tumor formation and progression. ANRIL has been proven to play a prime function in promoting transcriptional suppressors concerned with the discount of CDKN2A / B genes, leading to the genetic predisposition to diverse cancers (Congrains et al., 2013 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]; Yap et al., 2010 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e]; Popov \u0026amp; Gil, 2010 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e]).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn keeping with this data, sun et al. ANRIL expression changed into tested in 97 tumor and non-tumor tissue samples of the CRC placenta. They found that overexpression of ANRIL in tumor tissues was related to lower survival in CRC sufferers. in addition, their laboratory results confirmed that reduction of ANRIL in CRC cell strains decreased cell proliferation and invasion (sun et al., 2016 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e]).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn another study, the correlation between ANRIL expression and clinical pathological functions of CRC was investigated in 108 sufferers. Their results indicated that overexpression of ANRIL in a CRC patient may be considered a risk aspect for poor diagnosis and tumor metastasis (sun et al., 2016 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e]). However, the potential function of ANRIL in colorectal tumorigenesis has not yet been decided. Recently, a huge-scale genomic correlation takes a look at was accomplished to research the association of 9p21 locus SNPs and the risk of neoplastic transformation in a couple of cancers. Their data showed that there are different genetic variations in this region related to the development of various types of cancer (Lee et al., 2014 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e]). In line with this, Gu et al. 203 analyzed SNP in the 9p21.3 area in several cancers, which include colorectal cancer. Their findings endorse that genetic variants in CDKN2A can be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancers and other tumors (Gu et al., 2013 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePast research has shown that polymorphisms in insulin-resistant genes are effective in insulin resistance and weight gain [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e49\u003c/span\u003e] and on the risk of developing colon cancer [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e51\u003c/span\u003e]. Insulin receptors, or a decrease in insulin binding to the receptor, cause the genetic syndrome of insulin resistance [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e52\u003c/span\u003e], which in itself is a robust thing in growing the risk of developing colorectal cancer.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGhobadi and colleagues 2019, after examining the relationship between rs10811661 and rs1333049 polymorphisms in chromosome 9 P21 locus in CDKN2A / B gene, patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and healthy individuals concluded that in patients with carcinoma cancer, Esophageal squamous cells had a higher frequency of TT genotype for rs10811661 polymorphism than the control group and tumor size was reported to be larger in infected individuals. In addition, the mortality rate was higher in patients with CC genotype for rs1333049 polymorphism [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHesari et al 2018, in research on the 2 polymorphisms of rs1801133 in methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase and rs10811661 in CDKN2A / B in patients with breast cancers, concluded that the frequency of T allele and TT genotype in methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene was more prevalent in patients than in the control group. The frequency of the C allele in rs10811661's CDKN2A / B gene was 72%. The results of the present observation are consistent with the effects of studies [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e54\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn a study conducted in 2018 by ShahidSales et al. On the association of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in healthy and breast cancer patients, they concluded that the frequency of TT genotype was higher in breast cancer patients than in the control group. In these people, the size of the tumor is also reported to be larger. In addition, genetic studies in these individuals have shown that people with TT genotype are more likely to develop breast cancer than those with CC / CT genotypes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e55\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn 2020, Rahmani et al. studied the association between rs10811661 polymorphism and colorectal cancer in 541 healthy and diseased individuals. Their research method was Taq-Man-based real-time PCR. The results confirmed the effect of this polymorphism on colorectal cancer and introduced this polymorphism as a suitable biomarker for predicting this cancer [56].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsistent with these observations, our data support a sizeable association between CDKN2A / B gene polymorphisms, rs10811661, and colorectal and gastric cancers.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, a similar result was observed, which indicates a direct relationship between TT genotype in rs10811661 polymorphism with gastric and colon cancer, tumor invasiveness, and tumor grade. In addition, there was a difference in the degree of dependence of gastric and colon cancer on the rs10811661 polymorphism genotype with sex, but the grade and aggressiveness of the tumor were not particularly dependent on the sex of the patient. Also, in different genotypes, the percentage of the frequency distribution of different phases of invasiveness and tumor grade was different, which indicates the effect of this polymorphism on these two characteristics, and also the highest frequency of tumor grade in CC grade I, in grade II CT and grade III TT and the highest percentage of T3 phase frequency, tumor invasiveness was also observed in TT condition.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Imam Khomeini hospital Ethics Committee and Mashhad university of medical sciences approved all research with the approval number (IR.MUMS.MEDICAL.REC.1397.468).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are no conflicts of interest declared by the authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research received no external funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and material\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll experimental protocols were performed according to the guidelines approved by the ethical committee of Mashhad university of medical sciences. The data that support the findings of this study are available from The Imam Khomeini hospital but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of The Imam Khomeini hospital.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. All authors revised the manuscript critically for important intellectual content and read and approved the final manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent of participates\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInformed consent was obtained from all the participants for participation in the study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors would like to thank the Kavian Institute of Higher Education.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 2018, 68, 394\u0026ndash;424. 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EXCLI J. 2020;19:1316\u0026ndash;21.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-cancer","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bcan","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Cancer](http://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bcan/default.aspx","title":"BMC Cancer","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Colon Cancer, CDKN2A / B gene, Polymorphism rs10811661, statistical analysis, RFLP-PCR, Gastric Cancer, Biomarker","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573969/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573969/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eOne of the causes of colon and gastric cancer is the regulation of carcinogenic genes, tumor inhibitors, and micro-RNA. The purpose of this study is to apply rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A /B gene as an effective biomarker of colon cancer and early detection of gastric cancer. As a result,400 blood samples, inclusive of 200 samples from healthy individuals and 200 samples (100 samples from intestinal cancer,100 samples from stomach cancer) from the blood of someone with these cancers, to determine the genotype of genes in healthful and ill people through PCR-RFLP approach and Allelic and genotypic tests of SPSS software. An observe the connection between gastric cancer and bowel cancer risk and genotypes, the t-student test for quantitative variables and Pearson distribution for qualitative variables have been tested and the results have been evaluated using the Chi-square test. The effects confirmed that the highest frequency of TT genotypes is in infected individuals and CC genotype is in healthful individuals. In addition, it confirmed that women were more inclined than men to T3 tumor invasion and most grade II and III colon cancers, and in older sufferers with gastric cancer, the tumor grade tended to be grade I. Among genetic variety and rs10811661, with invasiveness, there is a tumor size and degree in the affected person. In summary, our findings suggest that the rs10811661 polymorphism of the CDKN2A / B gene is strongly associated with the occurrence of intestinal cancer and Stomach is linked to its potential role as a prognostic biomarker for the management of bowel cancer and stomach.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Evaluation of rs10811661 polymorphism in CDKN2A / B in colon and gastric cancer","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2023-03-13 22:38:58","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573969/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Major revision","date":"2023-04-20T09:15:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2023-03-24T13:06:56+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"d24ca36a-77c1-4549-8a26-662644bd0777","date":"2023-03-24T11:45:06+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2023-03-24T02:39:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2023-03-24T02:37:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2023-03-06T09:58:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2023-03-06T09:52:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Cancer","date":"2023-02-10T16:59:37+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-cancer","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bcan","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Cancer](http://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bcan/default.aspx","title":"BMC Cancer","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"20e14c0f-5601-4e32-964e-6a736cd31f14","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 13th, 2023","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2023-10-23T15:02:07+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-2573969","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11461-6","journal":{"identity":"bmc-cancer","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Cancer"},"publishedOn":"2023-10-16 15:00:32","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 16th, 2023"},"versionCreatedAt":"2023-03-13 22:38:58","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12885-023-11461-6","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11461-6","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-2573969","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2573969","identity":"rs-2573969","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"_2-kVJe1T_tPrBINL-cwx","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}