Effect of different production techniques on the color of porcelain-fused-to-titanium restorations

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of different framework production techniques used in porcelain-fused-to-titanium restorations on color changes. Methods: Forty-five square specimens were produced using cast, milling, and laser-sintering techniques. Opaque and dentin porcelain were implemented, and all frameworks glazed. Color measurements were made with a spectrophotometer at before and after opaque application and after porcelain + glaze application, and L*, a*, b* values were obtained. Color difference analyses (ΔE 00 ) were made using the CIEDE2000 formula. Shapiro Wilks (Normality) and ANOVA (Post Hoc:Bonferroni) tests were used to analyze the data ( p  < 0.05). Results: At the different laboratory steps, the difference between cast&laser-sintered groups and between milled&laser-sintered groups were statistically significant ( p  < 0.05). Before and after opaque application, the differences in L*, a*, and b* values between cast, milled and laser-sintered groups were found a statistically significant ( p  < 0.05). Conclusions: The color of porcelain-fused-to-titanium restorations was influenced by different framework production techniques.