Maternal Immunoglobulin A regulates the development of the neonatal microbiota and intestinal microbiota-specific CD4+ T cell responses

This study investigated how breast milk–derived immunoglobulin A (IgA) influences early small intestinal microbiota development and corresponding CD4+ T cell responses. Using an early-life model, the authors show that milk-derived IgA suppresses colonization of the small intestine by Enterobacteriaceae and regulates small intestinal epithelial maturation as well as the development of intestinal IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells. They further report that Enterobacteriaceae-specific CD4+ T cells induced in the absence of milk-derived IgA persist as memory T cells, which could contribute to inflammatory disease later in life. The paper frames its findings as a mechanism by which IgA shapes mucosal immunity through effects on the neonatal microbiota, while not detailing any human outcome measures. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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