Results of thyroidectomies according to General Surgeons and Otolaryngologist and Cervico Faciale Surgeons at the General Hospital of Reference of Niamey, what differences in the protocols of management?

Objective: To evaluate the surgical management of thyroid pathologies at the Reference General Hospital. Methods: This was a retro-prospective study over 4 years 6 months carried out in the departments of General and Digestive Surgery (GDS) and Otorhinolaryngology and Cervico Facial Surgery (ORL/FCS). It involved 182 patients who underwent thyroid surgery. Results: : A frequency of thyroidectomy of 9.46% was found. Females predominated with a sex ratio of 0.1. The average age of patients was 42.85 years, a standard deviation 12.80. 84.06% of patients had consulted for anterior cervical mass. EU-TIRADS score 3 represented 7,14% of cases. Heteromultinodular goiter was the main indication for thyroid surgery (59.34%). Total thyroidectomy was the most commonly performed gesture in general surgery in 88,23% (n=105), in Otorhinolaryngology, it was in the same proportion as lobo-isthmectomy at 47.61% (n=30). The first route was video-assisted thyroidectomy 2.2% (n=4). The recurrent laryngeal nerve was dissected and seen in 159 cases (87.36%) and parathyroid glands were also seen and preserved in 58.24% of cases (n=106). In immediate postoperative surgery, the main complications were unilateral recurrent paralysis with dysphonia in 3.3% (n=6) and compressive hematoma in 2.2% (n=4). No deaths had been recorded. Conclusion: Total thyroidectomy was the most performed procedure in department of General and Digestive Surgery; in Otorhinolaryngology and Cervico Facial Surgery department, conservative surgery still retains a large place. Despite the different protocols, there are few complications in both series.