Actively Tunable and Polarization-independent Toroidal Resonance in Hybrid Metal-Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterial

Actively Tunable and Polarization-independent Toroidal Resonance in Hybrid Metal-Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterial | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Actively Tunable and Polarization-independent Toroidal Resonance in Hybrid Metal-Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterial chang shu, Chen Zhang, Yulong Ye, Tongqing Lin This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-987522/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Actively tunable and polarization-independent toroidal resonance in hybrid metal-vanadium dioxide metamaterial is proposed and demonstrated numerically in terahertz regime. Simulation results illustrate that a toroidal dipolar resonance is excited by hybrid metal and vanadium dioxide resonator and insensitive with polarization angle of incident plane wave, calculated scattered powers verify the toroidal resonance is strengthened. A novel modulation of resonance strength in proposed toroidal metamaterial is obtained as the phase transition process of vanadium dioxide and contrary to former hybrid metal-vanadium dioxide toroidal metamaterials. The theoretical fitting results reveal that physical mechanism of active modulation in resonance strength can be attributed to the variation of overall damping rate caused by tuning conductivity of vanadium dioxide. Plasma and Fluids Toroidal resonance Metamaterial Vanadium dioxide Actively tunable Polarization-independent Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-987522","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":62023606,"identity":"0a3aaf88-77d7-4098-810f-e67573f08ca5","order_by":0,"name":"chang shu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAsElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJCCwz//2fDw8zcQr4PxMANbmozkjAPEa2EGajlsY9CQQKR6+RnZCYcLeM7zGDAcYPzwMYcILQY3cjccniFxm8ecuYFZcuY2YrRI5G44wGNwm8ey4QAbMy8xWuRngLQknOMxOJBApBYGkMN4DhwgQYvBmbcbDs5sSOaRnHGwmTi/yLfnbv7wscHOnp+/+eCHj0Q5DAEYG0hTPwpGwSgYBaMANwAAUuw6A3mJqucAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-4684","institution":"Harbin University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"chang","middleName":"","lastName":"shu","suffix":""},{"id":62023607,"identity":"f68d896c-3dfa-4192-b06d-2a9fdc745bc9","order_by":1,"name":"Chen Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Harbin University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chen","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":62023608,"identity":"66026bda-8873-41f0-bdac-fd328b8b3bf8","order_by":2,"name":"Yulong Ye","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Harbin University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yulong","middleName":"","lastName":"Ye","suffix":""},{"id":62023609,"identity":"53a13f95-7a62-4048-a414-8556ac8cb852","order_by":3,"name":"Tongqing Lin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Harbin University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tongqing","middleName":"","lastName":"Lin","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-10-18 00:19:01","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-987522/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-987522/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":15440737,"identity":"141c196d-74df-41fc-b3a3-07e50f0a9dd9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-11 15:21:18","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":429888,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscripts.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-987522/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eActively Tunable and Polarization-independent Toroidal Resonance in Hybrid Metal-Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterial\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-987522/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Toroidal resonance, Metamaterial, Vanadium dioxide, Actively tunable, Polarization-independent","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-987522/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-987522/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eActively tunable and polarization-independent toroidal resonance in hybrid metal-vanadium dioxide metamaterial is proposed and demonstrated numerically in terahertz regime. Simulation results illustrate that a toroidal dipolar resonance is excited by hybrid metal and vanadium dioxide resonator and insensitive with polarization angle of incident plane wave, calculated scattered powers verify the toroidal resonance is strengthened. A novel modulation of resonance strength in proposed toroidal metamaterial is obtained as the phase transition process of vanadium dioxide and contrary to former hybrid metal-vanadium dioxide toroidal metamaterials. 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