Bacterial dynamics and functions driven by compound microbial agents to simultaneously promote organic degradation and mitigate odor emissions during in-situ kitchen organic waste

The treatment of organic waste (OW) still faces the problems of large amounts of odor gas emissions and incomplete organic degradation. Therefore, to investigate the feasibility of simultaneously promoting organic matter degradation and mitigating odor emissions during in‑situ rapid biological reduction (IRBR) of organic waste, a study of the addition of compound microbial agents containing odor-reducing bacteria (ORB) and organic-degrading bacteria (ODB) was conducted. Results revealed that the co-addition biochar and compound microbial agents greatly achieved a higher organic degradation rate of 20.09% and decreased cumulative NH 3 and H 2 S emissions of 45.14% and 27.25%, respectively. The microbial community analysis indicated that adding compound microbial agents reshaped microbial community composition throughout the process. With the addition of compound microbial agents, the inoculated Kocuria rosea and Acetobacter pasteurianus belonging to Proteobacteria gradually became dominant genera, and the abundance of Firmicutes was reduced which was positively correlated with NH 3 . These results revealed the potential microbial mechanism by which microbial communities influence odor release and organic degradation during IRBR process and indicated that inoculating compound microbial agent is a suitable strategy given the comprehensive emission reduction and biodegrading performance considerations.