Nutraceutical Strategies for Aging: Looking Towards Parkinson’s Disease and Frailty

Aging is a biological process denoted by a slow and progressive decline in physiological function, and it is often associated with several disorders collectively known as age-related diseases (ARDs). With the aging global population, ARDs like Parkinson's Disease (PD) and frailty are becoming more common, highlighting the need for innovative strategies. Nutraceuticals are naturally bioactive compounds contained in foods offering health benefits over and above essential nutrition, which is critical for preventing and coping with ARDs. By examining literature from the past decade, this review highlights how nutraceuticals can act as complementary therapies, addressing key processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuroprotection. Notably, the antioxidant action of nutraceuticals appears particularly beneficial in PD and frailty. For instance, antioxidant-rich nutraceuticals may mitigate the oxidative damage linked to levodopa therapy in PD, potentially reducing side effects and enhancing treatment sustainability. Similarly, the antioxidant effects of nutraceuticals may amplify the benefits of physical activity, enhancing muscle function, cognitive health, and resilience, thereby reducing the risk of frailty. This review proposes a holistic approach integrating nutraceuticals with exercise, pharmacotherapy, and lifestyle adjustments. t promises to transform the management of ARD, prolong life, and improve the quality of life and well-being of older people.