Is Dietary Pattern Associated with Gastric Cancer Risk? A Case-control Study in Iran

Objective: Diet is considered an important contributor to cancers and one of the best approaches for assessing the combined effect of nutrients and food is the dietary pattern approach. In the present study, the association of dietary patterns identified by factor analysis with gastric cancer risk was studied. Results Four major dietary patterns with a 55.48% prediction rate, namely “tubers and spices”, “cereals and dairies”, “healthy” and “Western-style”, were identified. Tubers and spices (males: 11.42 (4.17, 26.75); females: 6.94 (2.24, 21.56)) and “Western-style” dietary patterns (males: 1.16 (1.00-4.35); females: 2.25 (1.10, 6.49) significantly increased the odds of gastric cancer risk in both sex. However, “healthy” dietary pattern and “cereals and dairies” dietary pattern were not associated with gastric cancer risk (P > 0.05).