Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: A case report

Background: Neurological involvement including CNS demyelination syndromes following SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported as extra-pulmonary involvement in patients with COVID-19. Besides, immune-mediated central nervous system involvement is a rare phenomenon that is considered to be one of the most important and serious complications of vaccines as well. While regarding the recent pandemic and worldwide use of the COVID-19 vaccines investigating serious life-threatening side effects is worth considering. Case presentation: This article reported a young male Iranian patient without any past medical history and neurological problems who presented acute disorientation due to acute central nervous system demyelination approximately one month after receiving the first dosage of Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine. Based on extended clinical investigations the patient had undergone the treatment with the highly probable diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis syndrome. Conclusion In this article clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of the patient with the diagnosis of ADEM following COVID-19 vaccine administration have been discussed. It seems for timely diagnosis and access to a safer state in our global immunization, reporting and evaluating the diagnosis approach and challenges in treatment and patient recovery regarding rare and adverse effects is worth considering.