Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Commonly Used Bactericidal Disinfectants At Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Commonly Used Bactericidal Disinfectants At Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Commonly Used Bactericidal Disinfectants At Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda Ngabirano Chrispuss, Rodgers Kalyetsi, Niwamanya Boaz, Otita Morgan, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4604472/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: Disinfection of hospital environmental surfaces reduces contamination, and consequently, contributes to reducing the occurrence of hospital acquired infections. The study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the commonly used disinfectants (0.5% Jik, 70% alcohol and 20%v/v Chlorhexidine) at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital in southwestern Uganda. Materials and Methods: This was a laboratory based quasi experimental study design involving use of different disinfectants. Hospital units (wards, theatre, and laboratory) that are used in handling of patients, patient’s samples and infectious agents were included in the study. Environmental (72) swabs were taken from selected hospital units before and after disinfection (144 swabs) and three disinfectants (0.5% Jik, 70%alcohol and 20%v/v Chlorhexidine) were studied. The swabs were then cultured for bacterial growth to determine the bacterial distribution. Bacterial counts were obtained by counting colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Quantitative suspension test method was used to determine the effectiveness of the disinfectants where logarithm reduction factor of the disinfectants was determined. Logarithm reduction factor of ≥ 5 indicated that 99.999% of the bacteria was killed. Data was presented in form of tables and figures obtained using Microsoft Excel (2013). Data was summarized as means (standard deviations) and percentages, using STATA software. To control the quality of culture media, Known Standard bacterial strains; American Type Culture Collection (ATCCs) of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), and E. coli (ATCC 25922) were used. Ethical approval was obtained from Research Ethics Committee of Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST-2021-106) and administration clearance from Kabale Regional Referral hospital Results: Of the 72 environmental swabs from different sites before disinfection, 25/72 (34.7%) showed growth of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus 8/25(32%) was the most isolated bacteria while Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1/25(4%) and Enterococcus faecalis 1/25(4%) were the least isolated from the hospital units. Of the 8 hospital units swabbed before disinfection, 6/8 (75%) showed growth. Paediatric ward was the most contaminated Hospital unit with 7 / 25 ( 28%) of the bacteria isolated. All studied disinfectants showed log reduction factors of ≥ 5 at 3 minutes contact time with 70% alcohol, 20%v/v Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Jik showing log reduction factors of 6.7, 5.4 and 5.0 respectively. Conclusion: All disinfectants studied showed effectiveness against bacteria isolated at contact time of ≥ 3 minutes, and 70% alcohol was the most effective disinfectant (log reduction factor of 6.7 at 3 minutes contact time. Infectious Diseases Bactericidal Disinfectants Disinfectants’ effectiveness Log reduction factor Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4604472","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":316297082,"identity":"8f37ff11-dbeb-4671-a943-f3256120fe91","order_by":0,"name":"Ngabirano Chrispuss","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ngabirano","middleName":"","lastName":"Chrispuss","suffix":""},{"id":316297384,"identity":"bb674665-2e51-49af-bc85-16908b2516ac","order_by":1,"name":"Rodgers Kalyetsi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rodgers","middleName":"","lastName":"Kalyetsi","suffix":""},{"id":316299297,"identity":"24a0eb67-9e7f-4ed3-9cc2-a8766c73325b","order_by":2,"name":"Niwamanya Boaz","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"kampala International University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Niwamanya","middleName":"","lastName":"Boaz","suffix":""},{"id":316299605,"identity":"08774bc7-2fde-48f1-99f9-e539bd2c4598","order_by":3,"name":"Otita Morgan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Infectious Disease Institute- Kampala Uganda","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Otita","middleName":"","lastName":"Morgan","suffix":""},{"id":316299913,"identity":"619e88f4-a9e4-41ff-861c-7cc182ddc520","order_by":4,"name":"Nyeko. 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The study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the commonly used disinfectants (0.5% Jik, 70% alcohol and 20%v/v Chlorhexidine) at Kabale Regional Referral Hospital in southwestern Uganda.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterials and Methods:\u003c/strong\u003e This was a laboratory based quasi experimental study design involving use of different disinfectants. Hospital units (wards, theatre, and laboratory) that are used in handling of patients, patient’s samples and infectious agents were included in the study. Environmental (72) swabs were taken from selected hospital units before and after disinfection (144 swabs) and three disinfectants (0.5% Jik, 70%alcohol and 20%v/v Chlorhexidine) were studied. The swabs were then cultured for bacterial growth to determine the bacterial distribution. Bacterial counts were obtained by counting colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Quantitative suspension test method was used to determine the effectiveness of the disinfectants where logarithm reduction factor of the disinfectants was determined. Logarithm reduction factor of ≥ 5 indicated that 99.999% of the bacteria was killed. Data was presented in form of tables and figures obtained using Microsoft Excel (2013). Data was summarized as means (standard deviations) and percentages, using STATA software. To control the quality of culture media, Known Standard bacterial strains; American Type Culture Collection (ATCCs) of \u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus aureus \u003c/em\u003e(ATCC 25923),\u003cem\u003e Pseudomonas aeruginosa \u003c/em\u003e(ATCC 15442), and \u003cem\u003eE. coli \u003c/em\u003e(ATCC 25922)\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003ewere used. Ethical approval was obtained from Research Ethics Committee of Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST-2021-106) and administration clearance from Kabale Regional Referral hospital\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults:\u003c/strong\u003e Of the 72 environmental swabs from different sites before disinfection, 25/72 (34.7%) showed growth of bacteria. \u003cem\u003eStaphylococcus aureus\u003c/em\u003e8/25(32%) was the most isolated bacteria while \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas aeruginosa \u003c/em\u003e1/25(4%) and \u003cem\u003eEnterococcus faecalis \u003c/em\u003e1/25(4%) were the least isolated from the hospital units. Of the 8 hospital units swabbed before disinfection, 6/8 (75%) showed growth. Paediatric ward was the most contaminated Hospital unit with 7\u003cstrong\u003e/\u003c/strong\u003e25 \u003cstrong\u003e(\u003c/strong\u003e28%) of the bacteria isolated. All studied disinfectants showed log reduction factors of ≥ 5 at 3 minutes contact time with 70% alcohol, 20%v/v Chlorhexidine and 0.5% Jik showing log reduction factors of 6.7, 5.4 and 5.0 respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion: \u003c/strong\u003eAll disinfectants studied showed effectiveness against bacteria isolated at contact time of ≥ 3 minutes, and 70% alcohol was the most effective disinfectant (log reduction factor of 6.7 at 3 minutes contact time.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Commonly Used Bactericidal Disinfectants At Kabale Regional Referral Hospital, Southwestern Uganda","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-06-20 02:17:40","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4604472/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"0ee7da91-d168-4942-a294-41ca3fb5f749","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 20th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":33446524,"name":"Infectious Diseases"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-06-20T02:17:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-06-20 02:17:40","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4604472","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4604472","identity":"rs-4604472","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"_2-kVJe1T_tPrBINL-cwx","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}