Universal Density Screening Across Fundamental Interactions:From Electrostatics to Gravitation

Universal Density Screening Across Fundamental Interactions:From Electrostatics to Gravitation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Universal Density Screening Across Fundamental Interactions:From Electrostatics to Gravitation Pedro Filipe Soares Pinto This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8377698/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Weidentify a universal scaling relation governing screening lengths across vastly different physical systems: theinteraction range scales inversely with the square rootof the medium density, λ ∝ ρ−1/2. We demonstratethis universality in five distinct contexts: (i) Debyescreening in classical and quantum plasmas, (ii) Londonpenetration in superconductors, (iii) color screening inquark-gluon plasma, (iv) ionic screening in electrolytes,and (v) gravitational screening in Kaluza-Klein theories.We derive a unified theoretical framework showing thatthis scaling emerges generically from field theories withdensity-dependent effective masses. Compilation of experimental data across 30 orders of magnitude in densityconfirms the universal ρ−1/2 scaling. This unificationsuggests deep structural similarities between electromagnetic, strong, and gravitational screening mechanisms,with implications for both fundamental physics and condensed matter systems. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8377698","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":562820851,"identity":"f0e0992a-06eb-47b9-8610-ea48c53344b9","order_by":0,"name":"Pedro Filipe Soares Pinto","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACAyCWAGLGBwwMFUCambmBOC08DMxAxhmQFkaitDBAtDC2gZgEtJizN2/78HGHRZ49ezPz58J5tdH87UAtPyq24dRi2XOseObMMxLFPDyH2aRnbjueO+MwYwNjz5nbuF11I8eYmbdNIrFHIv8YM++2Y7kNQC3MjG14tNx/A9OSzPyZd86x3PkEtdzggWthkOZtqMndQEiLZU9aMSPQL4k9Z4B+mXHsQO5GoJaD+Pxizn54M8PHHXWJ7e3AECuoqcudd/7wwQc/KvA4DETAIoKZgeEwmHEAp3osWurwKR4Fo2AUjIIRCgCsYljHhE8j7wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pedro","middleName":"Filipe Soares","lastName":"Pinto","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-12-16 15:23:34","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8377698/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8377698/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":98881067,"identity":"f1183671-d23f-401d-9dd2-cfbd24715b9d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-23 14:04:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":281587,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"UniversalDensity.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8377698/v1/208c0d0b9bfc9e9ad0397562.pdf"},{"id":98881066,"identity":"1afaf64d-5899-4b22-9600-06cb108a2d8c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-23 14:04:36","extension":"json","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":3004,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"8392c693066d4defbfbb81cf0d5143c7.json","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8377698/v1/ccfbda9c451d6c971c957ce6.json"},{"id":100728072,"identity":"2673c4bc-e93a-488e-96c1-69a2435416f3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-20 20:46:59","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":242719,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"UniversalDensity.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8377698/v1_covered_12e60e9f-a48e-40df-bd4f-d01a43a07eef.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Universal Density Screening Across Fundamental Interactions:From Electrostatics to Gravitation","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8377698/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8377698/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Weidentify a universal scaling relation governing screening lengths across vastly different physical systems: theinteraction range scales inversely with the square rootof the medium density, λ ∝ ρ−1/2. 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