Evaluation and In vitro Study of Lung Cancer Cell therapeutic Target using Chitosan- Gold Nanoparticles Loaded Lapatinib

Purpose: Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in cancer progression by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Targeting lncRNAs with chemotherapy drugs and overcoming drug resistance pose significant challenges. This study aimed to identify candidate oncogenic lncRNAs in lung cancer through transcriptome analysis and propose a drug targeting these lncRNAs. Methods Using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, lncRNAs with significantly increased expression in lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma were identified (FDR ). The relationship between lncRNA expression and patient survival was assessed using Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, lncRNAs associated with other common cancers were selected. The GEO profile database was utilized to identify drugs that had a substantial impact on the expression of the identified lncRNAs. Chitosan gold nanoparticles were employed to demonstrate the efficacy of the selected drug, and in vitro experiments were conducted using A549 cells to evaluate cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and changes in lncRNA expression levels. Results The expression level of LINC01615 was found to be increased in lung cancer and several other cancers and was associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Lapatinib was identified as an effective drug to control the expression of LINC01615 in multiple cancers. In vitro studies using Lapatinib-chitosan-gold nanoparticles demonstrated reduced cell viability and induction of apoptosis in A549 cells, along with decreased expression of LINC01615. Conclusion LINC01615 holds potential as a predictive biomarker for survival in breast, kidney, liver, and lung cancer patients. Lapatinib-chitosan-gold nanoparticles offer an effective approach for controlling LINC01615 expression and cell viability in lung cancer.