Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome–Uncommon Entity of Pelvic Endometriosis

Thoracic Endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a complex condition consisting of four distinct clinical entities: catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. TES poses a clinical dilemma when presented with chest symptoms rather than predictable symptoms of pelvic endometriosis. It is a complex condition often diagnosed late. The treatment includes hormonal management and surgical treatment if needed. We report the case of an 18-year-old girl who was initially diagnosed with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax and subsequently proved to have catamenial pneumothorax secondary to pelvic endometriosis.