Practice Dimension Analysis of Activities in Physical Education Class and Teaching Methods——A Study Based on 56 Award-Winning Lessons

Backgrounds: : The purpose of this study was to analysis the PE class activities and teachers' teaching methods after the promulgation of the new curriculum standards in China and to provide guidance for curriculum reform practices. Methods: : A total of 56 award-winning PE lesson videos from Gansu province in 2022 were used to study class activities and teaching methods. The SOFIT (The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time system) was used to encode class activities, and the students’ participation in MVPA (moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity), lesson context, and teacher’s intervention behavior were analyzed. The Likert five-point scale method was used to evaluate the teaching design and implementation that promote students' active learning and practice, including lesson activities, lesson context, teaching methods, exercise load and information technology education means. Differences between lessons from different grade level and school location were compared, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between MVPA time and class activities, and teaching methods. Results: : The SOFIT analysis showed that the MVPA time for students was 52.5%, with class management, knowledge explanation, practice for fitness, and skill practice accounting for 8.3%, 32.2%, 27.7%, and 31.9%, respectively. Teacher intervention’s time for inside and outside of the class to promotion of PA accounted for 18.6% and 3.2%, respectively. In terms of teaching methods, the group exercise density was 62.5%, and the scores for student learning activities and sport scenario design were relatively high, at 4.3 and 4.0, respectively. The scores for practice for fitness and information technology education design were relatively low, at 2.9 and 2.3, respectively. There were no significant differences between different groups. Linear regression analysis showed that MVPA time was negatively correlated with class management time and positively correlated with physical fitness exercise time, skill practice time, and group movement density (P<0.05). Conclusions: and Suggestions: In high-quality lessons after the implementation of the new curriculum standards in China, students had a higher level of PA (physical activity). However, there was a phenomenon of excessive time spent on knowledge explanation and insufficient time for practice, highlighting the need for emphasizing intensive explanation and more practice. The design of group movement density in instructional design needs further improvement, as well as the strengthening of information technology education methods and practice for fitness. Measures such as reducing class management time, increasing physical and skill practice time, and enhancing exercise density can improve the effective time for physical exercise in the class.