Characterizing thermal transitions of the 2018 Shinmoe-dake eruption in Japan using Himawari-8 high-frequency infrared imagery and seismic data

Characterizing thermal transitions of the 2018 Shinmoe-dake eruption in Japan using Himawari-8 high-frequency infrared imagery and seismic data | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Characterizing thermal transitions of the 2018 Shinmoe-dake eruption in Japan using Himawari-8 high-frequency infrared imagery and seismic data Takayuki Kaneko, Mie Ichihara, Atsushi Yasuda, Takao Ohminato, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5916994/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in Earth, Planets and Space → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Discrete explosive eruptions, including vulcanian eruptions, occur at various stages during the effusion of viscous lava. However, the differences in occurrence time and mechanisms are not yet well understood or categorized. We investigated the high-frequency infrared observation data from Himawari-8 and seismic data for the 2018 Shinmoe-dake activity and also the 2019 Bezymianny activity for comparison. Each stage of the 2018 Shinmoe-dake activity showed characteristic thermal variations: the ash-plume emission stage had no thermal anomalies, the lava effusion stage had continuous large thermal anomalies, and the vulcanian eruption stage had a series of spike-like thermal anomalies. The timing of individual thermal anomaly spikes coincided with the onset of vulcanian eruptions. Each spike exhibited an asymmetric thermal pulse, consisting of an abrupt thermal increase followed by a gradual decrease, corresponding to the deposition of hot ejected materials and subsequent cooling, without any precursory thermal anomaly. In contrast, the 2019 Bezymianny activity generated a symmetric or two-sided thermal pulse, involving a precursory anomaly; the thermal anomaly increased with lava effusion, peaked with an explosive eruption, and decreased due to cooling. Thus, this study identified two types of explosive eruptions. In the post-effusion type (2018 Shinmoe-dake), the lava effusion continues without explosive eruptions until the cessation of effusion, eventually forming a lava bed with a solid surface covering the vent. This forms a cap rock and is the cause of subsequent vulcanian eruptions. These eruptions show an asymmetric thermal pulse with no precursory anomaly. In the syn-effusion type (2019 Bezymianny), in contrast, the lava effusion activity transitions to an explosive eruption while lava is still effusing. Accordingly, the discrete explosive eruption shows a symmetric thermal pulse involving a precursory thermal anomaly. Their difference can be related to whether the volatile components are efficiently released from the ascending magma during the lava effusion. Himawari-8 GCOM-C Vulcanian eruptions Volcanoes Remote sensing Infrared Full Text Supplementary Files Graphicalabstract.jpg Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in Earth, Planets and Space → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Minor Revision 03 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Feb, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 09 Feb, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 31 Jan, 2025 First submitted to journal 27 Jan, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5916994","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":413251044,"identity":"699c8a64-3232-478b-9409-161b12dabdbb","order_by":0,"name":"Takayuki 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