Analysis of Heat Transfer in a Solar Pv Module Using Finite Elements Analysis

Solar cells' photovoltaic (PV) efficiency declines as their operating temperature increases. The PV module may experience thermal stresses as a result of inefficient heating. It is crucial to understand the ideal temperature range for solar cells to operate. This article describes how to do a finite element thermal analysis to determine how the temperature is distributed among the various PV module layers. The components of this technology comprise bus bars, solar cells, ethylvinylacetate (EVA), glass on top, and tedlar on the back. We also designed the structural strength for the PV module to provide a more comprehensive perspective. The reflectivity, transmission, and adsorption capacities of the layers can be used to compute the real heat loss in solar-exposed areas. Convectional and radiative heat loss are also taken into account in this simulation. There is a clear temperature differential across strata, with the coolest areas concentrated at the margins, as may be seen in temperature contour plots. The cells nearest to the frame experience a temperature difference of about 5 °C, but the middle cells of the module are fairly cool. When compared to the temperatures of its various layers, the thickness of the PV module does not vary by more than 1 °C. The potential impact of operation on the coefficient of convection heat loss at the surface of the module is also calculated. This study illustrates how the coefficient of convection heat loss at the module surfaces affects solar cell temperature and system efficiency.