DETECTION AND GENOTYPING OF PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE 2d IN SWINE PRODUCTIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TOLIMA, COLOMBIA

Porcine circovirosis is a disease of worldwide distribution caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). The clinical forms include post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, dermatitis syndrome and porcine nephropathy, and some reproductive disorders, which have been collectively named porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD). In Colombia, some studies have demonstrated the presence of PCV2 in different regions, reporting PCV2b as the main genotype. However, the genotype of PCV2 in the department of Tolima is unknown. The aim was to determine the presence of PCV2 in swine productions of the department of Tolima and to characterize the virus genotypically. Blood samples (n=100) were taken by jugular venipuncture from animals with clinical signs compatible with PCVAD from 4 municipalities in the department. DNA was extracted in order to detect PCV2 nucleotides by amplifying the ORF2 (cap gene), using the end-point PCR. Positive samples were sequenced and submitted to bioinformatic analysis for genotype identification, by comparison with reference sequences reported in GenBank. PCV2 positive animals (n= 15) were detected at different stages of production in all municipalities. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the viruses belong to the PCV2d genotype with a percentage of identity between 95,9-98,9%. This genotype has not been reported in the country. The present study demonstrated the presence of PCV2d in pig farms of the department of Tolima - Colombia related to PCVAD. In Colombia, more extensive studies are required to determine the presence of new genotypes and their epidemiological behavior.