Synthetic Bacterial Consortia Transplantation Attenuates Vaginal Inflammation and Modulates the Immune Response in a Mouse Model of Gardnerella vaginalis-Induced Bacterial Vaginosis

Synthetic Bacterial Consortia Transplantation Attenuates Vaginal Inflammation and Modulates the Immune Response in a Mouse Model of Gardnerella vaginalis-Induced Bacterial Vaginosis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Synthetic Bacterial Consortia Transplantation Attenuates Vaginal Inflammation and Modulates the Immune Response in a Mouse Model of Gardnerella vaginalis-Induced Bacterial Vaginosis Ying Liu, Liang He, Yan Hu, Xingya Liao, Hongyan Wang, Linlin Yang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562682/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Bacterial vaginosis (BV) disrupts the vaginal microbiota, leading to health risks. Antibiotics often fail to prevent recurrence. This study examines synthetic bacterial consortia transplantation (SBCT) as a safer, more controlled treatment alternative to restore healthy vaginal flora and immune response, showing promise against BV. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SBCT and compare it with VMT in a mouse model of Gardnerella vaginalis-induced BV. A murine model of G. vaginalis-induced BV was established, and mice were treated with SBCT, VMT, or saline. Histopathological changes, inflammatory cytokine levels, pro-inflammatory biomarker expression, helper T cell transcription factor expression, and vaginal microbiota composition were assessed. SBCT and VMT effectively suppressed G. vaginalis growth, reduced inflammation, and restored vaginal microbiota diversity. Both treatments attenuated epithelial damage, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8), and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. SBCT and VMT also inhibited NF-κB activation, suppressed IL-17 expression, and enhanced Foxp3 expression in vaginal tissues. SBCT is a promising therapeutic approach for treating BV, as it effectively modulates the immune response and restores vaginal microbiota diversity in a mouse model of G. vaginalis-induced BV. Bacterial vaginosis Gardnerella vaginalis synthetic bacterial consortia transplantation vaginal microbiota transplantation inflammation immune response Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editor assigned by journal 11 Jun, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 11 Jun, 2024 First submitted to journal 11 Jun, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4562682","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":313272655,"identity":"fa7bfe0e-7acc-4e40-ad2f-a627477f3854","order_by":0,"name":"Ying Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Gynecology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Center","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ying","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":313272656,"identity":"f6b9ad2f-a157-4145-967a-51851ad1e49a","order_by":1,"name":"Liang 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Antibiotics often fail to prevent recurrence. This study examines synthetic bacterial consortia transplantation (SBCT) as a safer, more controlled treatment alternative to restore healthy vaginal flora and immune response, showing promise against BV. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SBCT and compare it with VMT in a mouse model of Gardnerella vaginalis-induced BV. A murine model of G. vaginalis-induced BV was established, and mice were treated with SBCT, VMT, or saline. Histopathological changes, inflammatory cytokine levels, pro-inflammatory biomarker expression, helper T cell transcription factor expression, and vaginal microbiota composition were assessed. SBCT and VMT effectively suppressed G. vaginalis growth, reduced inflammation, and restored vaginal microbiota diversity. Both treatments attenuated epithelial damage, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-8), and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. SBCT and VMT also inhibited NF-κB activation, suppressed IL-17 expression, and enhanced Foxp3 expression in vaginal tissues. 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