Biomarkers for Early Detection of Kidney Injury Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Biomarkers for Early Detection of Kidney Injury Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Biomarkers for Early Detection of Kidney Injury Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients manyam Ramadevi, seegiri sunitha, putta suresh This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6975415/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Chronic diabetes is relative with damage, dysfunction, and failure of several organs, especially the eyes, nerves, foot, blood vessels, kidneys, and heart. The microvascular complications of diabetes induce to renal damage known as diabetic nephropathy (DN), the most common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. AIM: Biomarkers For Early Detection Of Kidney Injury Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. METHODOLOGY: 89 patients with Type 2 DM who fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria RESULTS: 89 subjects with Type 2DM are enrolled in the present study to evaluate early biomarkers in the detection of kidney injury. Female predominance observed. Mean levels NGAL, Cystatin C, KIM1 and B2MG are elevated in all patients. NGAL, Cystatin C, KIM1 showed high sensitivy with low specificity but B2MG had high specificity than sensitivity. There is correlation among biomarkers and eGFR, albuminuria . CONCLUSION: The present study proves none of the biomarkers can be considered superior to the others in terms of diagnostic ability. So all these Bio markers predicts early renal involvement and also progression of illness beyond serum creatinine and urinary albumin. Health sciences/Diseases/Endocrine system and metabolic diseases/Diabetes/Diabetes complications Health sciences/Endocrinology/Endocrine system and metabolic diseases Type 2 DM NGAL B2MG KIM1 Cystatin C Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO conflict of interest to disclose I took permission from an Institutional ethical committee,SV Medical college, Tirupati, bearing number - Lr 272/2023 on 07/11/2023 Supplementary Files Tablesandfigures2.pdf table 1 to 6 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6975415","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":477116135,"identity":"02840ee0-1985-4583-803a-e6940ff9e017","order_by":0,"name":"manyam Ramadevi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA70lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLACHjBKYGD4AOSwsZOihXEGSAszkVoYQFqYwQxCWszbTyd+eFNxWEa3Pf3qZptf2+T5mBkYP3zMwa1F5kzuZsk5Zw7zmJ15U3Y7t++2YRszA7PkzG24tUgw5G6Q5m1L4zG7kZN2O7fnNiNQCxszLz4t/G83/+b9B9Vi2XPbnrAWidxt0rwNNkAt6cduM/y4nUiElrfbLOccswH5he1mb8Pt5DZmxmb8fuHP3XzjTY2Evdnx9Gc3fvy5bTu/vfngh494tCABHgMGxjYQg7GBKPVAwP6AgeEPsYpHwSgYBaNgJAEAIJNTiwH12CwAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-9714","institution":"SV Medical college","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"manyam","middleName":"","lastName":"Ramadevi","suffix":""},{"id":477116136,"identity":"c529973c-db20-41ae-b0aa-c53819f1b266","order_by":1,"name":"seegiri sunitha","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"SV Medical college","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"seegiri","middleName":"","lastName":"sunitha","suffix":""},{"id":477116137,"identity":"321066e1-5c63-43d7-8a83-951f919e7396","order_by":2,"name":"putta suresh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"SV Medical college","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"putta","middleName":"","lastName":"suresh","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-25 13:51:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6975415/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6975415/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":85874745,"identity":"bdb86edd-85a4-4306-b9f3-f16262adf426","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-02 14:56:17","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":301118,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"Biomarkers1.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6975415/v1_covered_4cc73dd3-4d5d-413c-95e0-c2e32b19f61a.pdf"},{"id":85534493,"identity":"fa5e6f2d-191e-459a-9bd7-3f43d9faba4b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-27 04:14:31","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":249792,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003etable 1 to 6\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Tablesandfigures2.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6975415/v1/7fb79d387f9dcf1f4821b90d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"\u003cp\u003eThere is \u003cstrong\u003eNO\u003c/strong\u003e conflict of interest to disclose\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI took permission from an Institutional ethical committee,SV Medical college, Tirupati, bearing number - Lr 272/2023 on 07/11/2023\u003c/p\u003e","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eBiomarkers for Early Detection of Kidney Injury Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Type 2 DM, NGAL, B2MG, KIM1, Cystatin C","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6975415/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6975415/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eChronic diabetes is relative with damage, dysfunction, and failure of several organs, especially the eyes, nerves, foot, blood vessels, kidneys, and heart. The microvascular complications of diabetes induce to renal damage known as diabetic nephropathy (DN), the most common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAIM: Biomarkers For Early Detection Of Kidney Injury Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMETHODOLOGY: 89 patients with Type 2 DM who fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRESULTS: 89 subjects with Type 2DM are enrolled in the present study to evaluate early biomarkers in the detection of kidney injury. Female predominance observed. Mean levels NGAL, Cystatin C, KIM1 and B2MG are elevated in all patients. NGAL, Cystatin C, KIM1 showed high sensitivy with low specificity but B2MG had high specificity than sensitivity. There is correlation among biomarkers and eGFR, albuminuria .\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCONCLUSION: The present study proves none of the biomarkers can be considered superior to the others in terms of diagnostic ability. 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