Ultrasonic Assisted Micro-deep drawing of Ultra-thin 316L Stainless Steel Sheet for Multi-channel Components

Ultrasonic Assisted Micro-deep drawing of Ultra-thin 316L Stainless Steel Sheet for Multi-channel Components | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Ultrasonic Assisted Micro-deep drawing of Ultra-thin 316L Stainless Steel Sheet for Multi-channel Components Xiaobo Wang, Yitao Chen, Guangchao Han, Moran Xu, Hao Chen, Weiqiang Wan, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8597515/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Micro-channel components are widely used in micro-electromechanical systems, micro-electronic devices, and hydrogen fuel cells. Their precise forming quality directly determines the performance of the final products. Conventional multi-channel micro-deep drawing processes face challenges such as high forming forces, significant stress concentration, and uneven wall thickness distribution, which severely limit the forming quality and consistency of thin sheet metal microstructures. In this study, multimode ultrasonic vibration is introduced into the multi-channel micro-deep drawing process of ultra-thin 316L stainless steel sheets. Finite element simulations were employed to evaluate the performance of these modes and determine an optimal Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Micro-deep drawing (UVAMD) process. Based on the simulation results, a specialized die set compatible with the ultrasonic vibration platform was designed for experimental validation. The experiment results indicate that material flow behavior, wall thickness uniformity, and the surface quality of 316L stainless steel sheets were effectively improved by UVAMD process. Compared to the conventional micro-deep drawing process (CMD), the maximum forming force under the combined vibration mode was reduced by 52%. The material flow stress was decreased by 29.5%. The maximum thinning rate was lowered from 30.5% to 13.8%. Multimode ultrasonic vibration Micro-deep drawing Ultra-thin 316L stainless steel Finite element simulation Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 02 May, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 27 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 18 Jan, 2026 First submitted to journal 16 Jan, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8597515","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":630375870,"identity":"8693aaae-1bf1-40ad-b7fe-aaf474f08530","order_by":0,"name":"Xiaobo Wang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACNvbmgw8+8Pyzs79//OCDhIoawlr4eI4lG86QOZDMcIMn2eDBmWOEtchJ5KhJc9gcYGy4wWAm+bCFmQiH8Zxhk2bIucPMOLshrSKxgY2Bv707gYBfeg9bF5x5xscsc/DYjcQdMgwSZ85uIGDLucTbM3uYmdkYEtJuJJ5hYzCQyCWgRSLHQJr3HzNjD0OCWUFiGzNRWoykeXgOM86QSDBjIE4LOJB50pINeM4kSyScOcZD0C/y7eCotLEzYG8/+PFHRY0cf3svfi0YgIc05aNgFIyCUTAKsAIAktVL2yD7eToAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"武汉纺织大学","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaobo","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":630375871,"identity":"305a6174-ec65-4beb-a083-0b1a8d157639","order_by":1,"name":"Yitao Chen","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8057-5444","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yitao","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":630375872,"identity":"4876cd7e-9395-4d17-a048-71b895042eb5","order_by":2,"name":"Guangchao Han","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Guangchao","middleName":"","lastName":"Han","suffix":""},{"id":630375873,"identity":"35b92150-7c9c-4453-a74b-05a9b7038f28","order_by":3,"name":"Moran Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Moran","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":630375874,"identity":"870c929e-db4f-4dd4-869f-0275e39697ae","order_by":4,"name":"Hao Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hao","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":630375875,"identity":"ad993b3a-a9f4-467e-b80c-a6f87522dd0b","order_by":5,"name":"Weiqiang Wan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Weiqiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Wan","suffix":""},{"id":630375876,"identity":"9e0baa93-9faf-4151-b880-c63a1edaf663","order_by":6,"name":"Wang Cai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wang","middleName":"","lastName":"Cai","suffix":""},{"id":630375877,"identity":"93774139-6f8c-4703-80a5-cb85df7bde1a","order_by":7,"name":"Shengquan Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shengquan","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-01-14 05:05:44","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8597515/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8597515/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108805607,"identity":"affd334a-8c27-47e3-be16-cfa909ada5ce","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-05-08 15:26:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1323880,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8597515/v1_covered_fbaf9260-e974-4eda-9298-dc5494cc3ade.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Ultrasonic Assisted Micro-deep drawing of Ultra-thin 316L Stainless Steel Sheet for Multi-channel Components","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"the-international-journal-of-advanced-manufacturing-technology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jamt","sideBox":"Learn more about [The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology](https://www.springer.com/journal/170)","snPcode":"170","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/170/3","title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Multimode ultrasonic vibration, Micro-deep drawing, Ultra-thin 316L stainless steel, Finite element simulation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8597515/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8597515/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eMicro-channel components are widely used in micro-electromechanical systems, micro-electronic devices, and hydrogen fuel cells. Their precise forming quality directly determines the performance of the final products. Conventional multi-channel micro-deep drawing processes face challenges such as high forming forces, significant stress concentration, and uneven wall thickness distribution, which severely limit the forming quality and consistency of thin sheet metal microstructures. In this study, multimode ultrasonic vibration is introduced into the multi-channel micro-deep drawing process of ultra-thin 316L stainless steel sheets. Finite element simulations were employed to evaluate the performance of these modes and determine an optimal Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Micro-deep drawing (UVAMD) process. Based on the simulation results, a specialized die set compatible with the ultrasonic vibration platform was designed for experimental validation. The experiment results indicate that material flow behavior, wall thickness uniformity, and the surface quality of 316L stainless steel sheets were effectively improved by UVAMD process. Compared to the conventional micro-deep drawing process (CMD), the maximum forming force under the combined vibration mode was reduced by 52%. The material flow stress was decreased by 29.5%. The maximum thinning rate was lowered from 30.5% to 13.8%.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Ultrasonic Assisted Micro-deep drawing of Ultra-thin 316L Stainless Steel Sheet for Multi-channel Components","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-05-06 13:05:31","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8597515/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T13:55:59+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-27T13:35:32+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-01-18T22:43:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","date":"2026-01-16T05:00:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"the-international-journal-of-advanced-manufacturing-technology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jamt","sideBox":"Learn more about [The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology](https://www.springer.com/journal/170)","snPcode":"170","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/170/3","title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ef76d022-0ca5-4d2f-a95b-fa99246dc0c0","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 6th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T13:55:59+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-06T13:05:31+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-05-06 13:05:31","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8597515","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8597515","identity":"rs-8597515","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}