Endometriosis: theories of occurrence and connection with infertility

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of endometriosis, a chronic disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, which affects about 10% of women of reproductive age. Special attention is paid to its connection with infertility, noting that up to 50% of cases of female infertility are associated with this pathology, although the mechanisms of this relationship remain multifactorial and not fully understood. Aims. To study modern theories of the occurrence of endometriosis and its effect on infertility. Materials and methods. The literature review includes an analysis of scientific papers from the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, eLibrary, CyberLeninka and Google Scholar. Endometriosis remains a complex, multifactorial disease that significantly impairs reproductive function. Understanding these pathogenetic features is the key to developing more effective diagnostic and therapeutic methods to improve the quality of life and preserve fertility in patients. Keywords: endometriosis, infertility, ovarian reserve, stem cells.