Investigation and proposal of a novel solar-powered trigeneration system for more environmentally friendly heating, cooling, and power generation

Investigation and proposal of a novel solar-powered trigeneration system for more environmentally friendly heating, cooling, and power generation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Investigation and proposal of a novel solar-powered trigeneration system for more environmentally friendly heating, cooling, and power generation Abdullah M.A. Alsharif, Abdul Khaliq, Eslam Hussein, H. A. Refaey This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723864/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The rapid decrease of fossil fuel reserves and their environmental damage, including global warming, has led to the employment of waste heat recovery and renewables. The present research suggests a novel trigeneration system that uses solar energy to produce electricity, heating, and cooling for buildings. The research seeks to reduce energy waste and boost system efficiency. In the Kalina cycle, which combines with the absorption refrigeration cycle, a heliostat-based central receiver with helical coils and Syltherm 800 oil as solar heat transfer fluid improves solar rays-to-heat conversion. Extensive parametric research and system modeling were conducted using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, using mass, energy, and exergy equations. Direct normal irradiation (DNI) and coil form (rib height) affect receiver oil temperature using a mathematical model. ANSYS-FLUENT CFD simulations reveal a maximum of 39.4% rise in oil output temperature at 2 mm rib height, 42 mm coil pitch, and 1000 W/m 2 DNI. The proposed system's energetic and exergetic evaluation demonstrates that adding an absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) to the Kalina cycle boosts its energy and exergy efficiencies by 23.78% and 14.55%. The exergetic assessment exhibited the exergy destruction where the center receiver (22.45%) dissipated the most exergy, followed by the heliostat field (11.67%). The examined receiver configuration provides an effective approach for improving the thermal performance of the solar collector and its associated system. The proposed system supports sustainable development through the cleaner production of diverse types of energy to meet the needs of societies. Physical sciences/Energy science and technology Physical sciences/Engineering Central receiver Helically coiled tubes Rib height Kalina cycle ARC Exergy Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 20 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 17 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 22 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Oct, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 07 Oct, 2025 Editor invited by journal 07 Oct, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 03 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 26 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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generation","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Central receiver, Helically coiled tubes, Rib height, Kalina cycle, ARC, Exergy","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723864/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723864/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe rapid decrease of fossil fuel reserves and their environmental damage, including global warming, has led to the employment of waste heat recovery and renewables. The present research suggests a novel trigeneration system that uses solar energy to produce electricity, heating, and cooling for buildings. The research seeks to reduce energy waste and boost system efficiency. In the Kalina cycle, which combines with the absorption refrigeration cycle, a heliostat-based central receiver with helical coils and Syltherm 800 oil as solar heat transfer fluid improves solar rays-to-heat conversion. Extensive parametric research and system modeling were conducted using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, using mass, energy, and exergy equations. Direct normal irradiation (DNI) and coil form (rib height) affect receiver oil temperature using a mathematical model. ANSYS-FLUENT CFD simulations reveal a maximum of 39.4% rise in oil output temperature at 2 mm rib height, 42 mm coil pitch, and 1000 W/m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e DNI. The proposed system's energetic and exergetic evaluation demonstrates that adding an absorption refrigeration cycle (ARC) to the Kalina cycle boosts its energy and exergy efficiencies by 23.78% and 14.55%. The exergetic assessment exhibited the exergy destruction where the center receiver (22.45%) dissipated the most exergy, followed by the heliostat field (11.67%). The examined receiver configuration provides an effective approach for improving the thermal performance of the solar collector and its associated system. The proposed system supports sustainable development through the cleaner production of diverse types of energy to meet the needs of societies.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Investigation and proposal of a novel solar-powered trigeneration system for more environmentally friendly heating, cooling, and power generation","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-20 11:26:48","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723864/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-11-17T16:47:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-22T06:45:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"262372255570598125887156614194496846115","date":"2025-10-22T06:38:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-18T22:24:29+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"115811837299478641113590212561723753869","date":"2025-10-09T11:44:27+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-10-07T10:18:32+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-10-07T09:27:12+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-10-03T12:17:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-10-03T02:06:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-09-26T17:00:31+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"64d94ab7-f06c-4233-98ef-272bcb111f66","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 20th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":56536368,"name":"Physical sciences/Energy science and technology"},{"id":56536369,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-27T16:00:20+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7723864","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41098-x","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2026-04-20 15:56:52","publishedOnDateReadable":"April 20th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-20 11:26:48","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-026-41098-x","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41098-x","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7723864","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7723864","identity":"rs-7723864","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}