Differential expression and bioinformatics analysis of circRNA in PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cells

Background: Atherosclerosis is mediated by various factors and plays an important pathological foundation for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Abnormal VSMC proliferation and migration have an essential role in atherosclerotic lesion formation. Circular RNAs have been widely detected in different species and are closely related to various diseases. However, the expression profiles and molecular regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs in VSMCs are still unknown. Methods: We used high-throughput RNA-seq as well as bioinformatics tools to systematically analyze circRNA expression profiles in samples from different VSMC phenotypes. PCR, Sanger sequencing, and qRT-PCR were performed for circRNA validation. Results: A total of 22191 circRNAs corresponding to 6273 genes (host genes) in the PS, NC or both groups, were detected, and 112 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified between the PS and NC groups, of which 59 were upregulated and 53 were downregulated. We selected 9 circRNAs for evaluation of specific head-to-tail splicing, and 10 differentially expressed circRNAs between the two groups for qRT-PCR validation. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the parental genes of the circRNAs mainly participated in cardiac myofibril assembly and positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, indicating that they might be involved in cardiovascular diseases. Finally, we constructed a circRNA-miRNA network based on the dysregulated circRNAs and VSMC-related miRNAs. Conclusion: The current study is the first to show the differential expression of circRNAs in PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and may provide new ideas and targets for the prevention and therapy of vascular diseases.