Optical frequency-standard transitions defined for ultrafast laser

Optical frequency-standard transitions defined for ultrafast laser | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Optical frequency-standard transitions defined for ultrafast laser Wang-Yau Cheng, Tze-Wei Liu, Bo-Wei Chen, Hsin-Hung Yu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1478517/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The clock transitions recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) are never realized by the ultrafast laser, owing to the insufficient spectral resolution and the difficulty of removing the residual Doppler background. Hence, investigations on the related frequency accuracy were not yet reported in literature. In other words, when a metrologist intends to suggest some clock transitions for locking an ultrafast mode-locked laser to become comb clock, three essential criteria must be satisfied: 1) high spectral resolution in the pulse train-atom interaction in which the target quantum state have been recognized by BIPM or have been proved to yield high frequency reliability, 2) pulse repetition rate and laser mode offset frequency are uniquely defined by the aforementioned target levels, 3) and possible error sources that would influence the transition frequencies are clarified. In this report we meet the above three criteria by using merely one 6-cm Cs-Rb glass cell, with which we not only demonstrate a compact scheme but also point out some intriguing physics in comb laser-atom interaction that benefits to verify the frequency accuracy. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1478517","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":97734034,"identity":"e05cb2dd-551a-4d91-bb6d-848339ba30f1","order_by":0,"name":"Wang-Yau Cheng","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA6klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACNhAhxyABF0ggTosxqpYDRGhJbCBai8GN5GcPPu6oTd8u3WPAXFBzmIGfPceA+WMbPi1p5oYzzxzP3TnnjAHzjGOHGSR73hgwHMSjxexGDps0b9ux3A03gIbzNhwGGpID1LKNgJa/bcfSDWBa7InSwthWkwDXYiBBQIv9mWdmkr1tBwx3zkgrOMxzLJ1H4syzggNn/+HWItme/EziZ1udvLlE8sbHPDXWcvztyRsfVJzBrYVBIAFEAt3DwGFwAMjiAXEP4NHAwMAPlq4DamF/gFfhKBgFo2AUjFwAAPwuVcfNHglIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"National Central University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wang-Yau","middleName":"","lastName":"Cheng","suffix":""},{"id":97734035,"identity":"ad59eebd-f327-4180-b697-ee586fe5dd47","order_by":1,"name":"Tze-Wei Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Central University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tze-Wei","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":97734036,"identity":"04cd9ad3-4ace-4501-9f15-1ffd07bc7edc","order_by":2,"name":"Bo-Wei Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Central University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bo-Wei","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":97734037,"identity":"cdc4fae7-f52d-4c49-8eae-c717459479ac","order_by":3,"name":"Hsin-Hung Yu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Central University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hsin-Hung","middleName":"","lastName":"Yu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-03-22 16:06:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1478517/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1478517/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":20252901,"identity":"62175b09-b154-46f1-883b-dba77af4464c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-04-12 14:58:51","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":418815,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e See image above for figure legend.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1478517/v1/43add498c9e85b15cef6eee8.png"},{"id":20252902,"identity":"42b87ba1-5f37-4f18-aa1f-4eca5f6f59ac","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-04-12 14:58:51","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":247158,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e See image above for figure legend.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1478517/v1/7355a5690288a82144fdf8d2.png"},{"id":20253339,"identity":"8ac555cc-593c-4402-b833-46451e48c156","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-04-12 15:03:51","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":218232,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e See image above for figure legend.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1478517/v1/3f14e0d268dd9ed694d55779.png"},{"id":20252904,"identity":"a51ed693-2584-4237-ab63-88fd059d1e7e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-04-12 14:58:51","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":194601,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e See image above for figure legend.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1478517/v1/2e347c41946e7beff078dfbd.png"},{"id":22288578,"identity":"de2a40f7-dab2-4bfb-8bb9-92172cc0a188","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-06 09:48:26","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":687596,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"commphysics2022manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1478517/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":20253340,"identity":"34e7ee9a-7fc5-4946-8540-f19b940597d7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-04-12 15:03:57","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":426772,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"commphysics2022manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1478517/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Optical frequency-standard transitions defined for ultrafast laser","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-1478517/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1478517/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1478517/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe clock transitions recommended by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) are never realized by the ultrafast laser, owing to the insufficient spectral resolution and the difficulty of removing the residual Doppler background. Hence, investigations on the related frequency accuracy were not yet reported in literature. In other words, when a metrologist intends to suggest some clock transitions for locking an ultrafast mode-locked laser to become comb clock, three essential criteria must be satisfied: 1) high spectral resolution in the pulse train-atom interaction in which the target quantum state have been recognized by BIPM or have been proved to yield high frequency reliability, 2) pulse repetition rate and laser mode offset frequency are uniquely defined by the aforementioned target levels, 3) and possible error sources that would influence the transition frequencies are clarified. In this report we meet the above three criteria by using merely one 6-cm Cs-Rb glass cell, with which we not only demonstrate a compact scheme but also point out some intriguing physics in comb laser-atom interaction that benefits to verify the frequency accuracy.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Optical frequency-standard transitions defined for ultrafast laser","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2022-04-12 14:58:50","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1478517/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"98743f67-f5b8-4412-94f2-db6928e799e8","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 12th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-06-06T09:48:19+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2022-04-12 14:58:50","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1478517","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1478517","identity":"rs-1478517","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"FbvkV6FR0MCFSLy54lSbu","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}