Investigating the Relationship Between Adherence to Traditional Medicine Nutritional Patterns and the Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Medical Students of Shiraz Medical School

Abstract Background: Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), which emphasizes dietary principles tailored to individual temperament, may offer a non-pharmacological approach to managing gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. This study investigates associations between TPM dietary adherence and the prevalence of GI symptoms among medical students, a high-stress demographic prone to digestive issues. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 215 medical students from Shiraz Medical School completed validated instruments, including the Traditional Medicine Nutrition and Temperament Questionnaire, Rome III Criteria, and a Lifestyle Hygiene Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and logistic regression to assess relationships between TPM adherence, temperament, and GI symptoms. Results: Higher adherence to TPM dietary practices was significantly associated with fewer GI symptoms (p = 0.005), particularly abdominal discomfort and bloating. Females reported a higher prevalence of symptoms (p < 0.05), and dry temperament was associated with increased bloating (p = 0.21). Logistic regression highlighted TPM adherence as a protective factor, reducing symptom likelihood by 20-30%. Conclusion: TPM dietary practices provide a feasible, non-pharmacological option for managing GI symptoms in high-stress populations. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these findings across diverse groups.