The Behaviours of Square Section Columns Under Earthquake Effect

92% of Turkey is in the earthquake zone, and 95% of the population lives under earthquake risk. Laws and regulations determine the design and implementation of earthquake-resistant structures. The first earthquake regulation in Turkey was published in 1940. After 1940, a new earthquake regulation was published in 1944, 1949, 1953, 1962, 1968, 1975, 1998, 2007, and finally, in 2018. One of the most important problems seen in reinforced concrete buildings exposed to earthquake effects is the displacement of the floors. The drifts in the buildings vary depending on the stiffness, height, and elasticity modules of the load-bearing elements. In this study, a five-storey reinforced concrete building model was designed using five different column sections according to the 2018 earthquake code. C-30 concrete and S-420 steel were used in the designed building models, and the behaviours of these structures under the influence of earthquakes were analysed. In the analysis, the results of the building model with 35x35 cm columns were taken as a reference. It has been observed that the buildings designed with 40x40, 45x45, 50x50, and 55x55 section columns can carry more earthquake loads at the rates of approximately 104, 113, 128, and 141 tons respectively. At the same time, the displacements on the floors decrease by approximately 31, 47, 55, and 61%, respectively. However, changes in other building models were compared and tested with multiple comparison tests at a 95% confidence interval, and the test results were given in tables.