The ToBRFV Movement Protein Promotes Infection by Targeting Host Catalases to Disrupt ROS Homeostasis and Serves as an Effective Target for RNAi-Based Nanocarrier Control

The ToBRFV Movement Protein Promotes Infection by Targeting Host Catalases to Disrupt ROS Homeostasis and Serves as an Effective Target for RNAi-Based Nanocarrier Control | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article The ToBRFV Movement Protein Promotes Infection by Targeting Host Catalases to Disrupt ROS Homeostasis and Serves as an Effective Target for RNAi-Based Nanocarrier Control ping Di, Jun Zhang, Aihong Zhang, Fei Yang, Yuanye Zhao, Yihan Zhao This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8267791/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is an emerging pathogen that overcomes tomato resistance genes, threatening global production. How ToBRFV achieves such high virulence and how hosts defend themselves remain unclear. Here, we report that the ToBRFV movement protein (MP) acts as a master virulence effector, directly binding host catalase SiCAT2 via specific molecular interfaces (MP: ASP194/GLU95; SiCAT2: GLN96/PRO98) to inhibit its activity and disrupt redox homeostasis, thereby promoting infection. We further discover that the host counteracts this by deploying the apoplastic subtilisin protease SiSBT5, which degrades MP in a serine protease-dependent manner, revealing an extracellular layer of antiviral immunity. Notably, MP is delivered to this battleground via extracellular vesicles, illustrating a novel pathogen transmission and host defense route. Furthermore, ToBRFV-induced ROS attracts whiteflies, potentially facilitating viral spread. Translating these insights, we develop a biodegradable nanoparticle spray (CQAS-dsMP) that silences MP, effectively controlling ToBRFV. Our work elucidates a multi-layered molecular arms race and provides a sustainable solution against this devastating virus. Biological sciences/Molecular biology Biological sciences/Microbiology/Virology/Antivirals ToBRFV movement protein catalase extracellular vesicles subtilisin protease CQAS-dsMP RNAi Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8267791","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":564515929,"identity":"a33636bd-a680-4785-86bf-85a23bf0e601","order_by":0,"name":"ping 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