Efficacy of tocopherol and pentoxifylline combined therapy for women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment with poor endometrial development: a retrospective cohort study on 143 patients

Fabien Krief, Cynthia Simon, Rebecca Goldstein, Laura Prat Ellenberg, Nathalie Lédée
In: Human Fertility · 2019 · vol. 24(5) , pp. 367–375 · doi:10.1080/14647273.2019.1673906 · PMID:31597488 · W2980273216
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-07 ⓘ

This study found that combined therapy with pentoxifylline and tocopherol significantly increased endometrial volume by 0.47 mL in women with poor endometrial development undergoing assisted reproductive treatment.

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Abstract

Poor endometrial development during in vitro fertilization remains challenging. Indeed, no broadly accepted definition of poor endometrial development exists, and no treatment has shown any improvement in the condition. The aim of this study was to analyze whether treatment with a combination of pentoxifylline and tocopherol increases endometrial volume. This monocentric and retrospective study includes patients with previous miscarriages, in vitro fertilization failure, or poor endometrial development. The patients had an ultrasonography during the mid-luteal phase to assess both endometrial thickness and endometrial volume (EV). If the volume was less than 2 mL, they were given pentoxifylline (PTX) and tocopherol for at least 2 months before a second ultrasound assessment. One hundred and forty-four patients were analyzed. The mean duration of treatment was 132 days. The combination of tocopherol and PTX significantly increased the EV by 0.47 mL (p < 0.0001; 95% CI 0.38–0.57). The mean ± SD EV was 1.34 ± 0.38 mL and 1.82 ± 0.63 mL before and after the treatment respectively. No data concerning pregnancy rates were interpretable. We showed an improvement of poor endometrial proliferation with a treatment including PTX and tocopherol. These promising results should be followed up by a prospective study.

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chemicals 8
tocopherol pentoxifylline pentoxifylline tocopherol pentoxifylline tocopherol tocopherol tocopherol

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