Clinical and Monitoring Approach to The Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Women with Gynecological Diseases

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) in women with gynecological diseases is a complex and multifactorial clinical condition characterized by persistent or recurrent pelvic pain lasting for at least 6 months. Despite advances in gynecology, CPPS remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its heterogeneous etiology, involving gynecological, urological, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and psychosomatic factors. The condition significantly affects the quality of life, reproductive health, psychological status, and social functioning of patients. Modern studies emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary and individualized approach in the diagnosis and management of CPPS. The prevalence of chronic pelvic pain among women of reproductive age varies widely, reaching up to 15–20% depending on population and diagnostic criteria. CPPS is commonly associated with endometriosis, adenomyosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, postoperative adhesions, and pelvic floor dysfunction. Contemporary literature highlights the role of neurogenic inflammation, central sensitization, and chronic pain syndromes in its pathogenesis. This review summarizes current data on epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and modern principles of monitoring and treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome in women with gynecological pathology. Special attention is given to differential diagnosis and individualized therapeutic strategies.