Determinants of regional disparities in Contraceptive use among married women in India

Determinants of regional disparities in Contraceptive use among married women in India | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Determinants of regional disparities in Contraceptive use among married women in India Birkang Hazowary This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7190996/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Contraceptive methods refer to medical techniques, devices, or actions that help individuals or couples prevent unintended pregnancies and plan their families. Contraceptive use is vital for promoting the health and well-being of women and children. This study investigates the regional disparities in contraceptive use and explores its contributing factors among married women in India. The present study uses the data from the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-5) in India, 2019–2021. Participants included 484,167 married women age between 15 and 49 years in India. Contraceptive uses are the outcome variables. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were carried out to present the preliminary results. Multivariate decomposition analysis was used to identify the contributions of covariates that explain the regional differences to average predictions. This study highlights significant associations with participants’ background characteristics. The north region shows the highest contraceptive use, while the northeast reports the lowest. Key factors contributing to utilization gaps include media exposure to family planning, parity, wealth quintile, education, caste, religion, and urban-rural residence. Decomposition analysis reveals endowment disparities contribute significantly to regional differences, with the northeast-south gap showing the highest impact (60.73%). Effect-based differences, including age, education, and religious affiliation, also drive utilization disparities. regional variation contraceptive use married women multivariate decomposition NFHS-5 Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7190996","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":515521565,"identity":"a7b2e07e-e7f5-4395-917a-d26de3486af6","order_by":0,"name":"Birkang Hazowary","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA/klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA2YGZhDNw8/fkP7hA5DFxk6kFhnJGQeeMc4AaWEmpIUBosXG4EDiM2YeEJOQFnN23scGP3fU8jAcOJz22ObXNnk+ZgbGDx9zcGuxbGY3Tuw9c5yHsbkt3Ti377ZhG9CpkjO34XHYYTbmA7xtx3iYGc4kSOf23GYEamFj5iWg5eBfoBY2hvwP0pY9t+2J0pLM21bDw8OQkCbN8ON2IkEtls1szMaybQd4JCQOJBv2NtxObmNmbMbrF3P+Y8ySb9vq7O3PNyQ++PHntu389uaDHz7i0QIFhyEUYxuYbCCoHgjqoPQfYhSPglEwCkbBSAMAw4hOl3+mhL4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Bodoland University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Birkang","middleName":"","lastName":"Hazowary","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-23 01:23:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7190996/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7190996/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":102748431,"identity":"c23ba395-3bff-4de4-adc5-40776530de0a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-16 09:10:56","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":463334,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptwithauthordetailsDiscover.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7190996/v1_covered_a990da84-1ce7-4273-b773-24ac8618c023.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Determinants of regional disparities in Contraceptive use among married women in India","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"regional variation, contraceptive use, married women, multivariate decomposition, NFHS-5","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7190996/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7190996/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eContraceptive methods refer to medical techniques, devices, or actions that help individuals or couples prevent unintended pregnancies and plan their families. Contraceptive use is vital for promoting the health and well-being of women and children. This study investigates the regional disparities in contraceptive use and explores its contributing factors among married women in India. The present study uses the data from the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-5) in India, 2019\u0026ndash;2021. Participants included 484,167 married women age between 15 and 49 years in India. Contraceptive uses are the outcome variables. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were carried out to present the preliminary results. Multivariate decomposition analysis was used to identify the contributions of covariates that explain the regional differences to average predictions. This study highlights significant associations with participants\u0026rsquo; background characteristics. The north region shows the highest contraceptive use, while the northeast reports the lowest. 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