First case of VIM-1-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata in Oman: A case report and literature review.

Abstract Leclercia adecarboxylata is a recently acknowledged emerging pathogen. It is a member of the Enterobacterals family, formerly thought to be a member of the genus Escherichia . Isolation was reported from various animal and environmental specimens. However, it rarely causes infection in humans, and the true frequency is unknown or underestimated. Leclercia adecarboxylata showed an ascending resistance grade from pan-sensitive to Carbapenem-resistant due to its ability to produce and harbour hydrolyzing enzymes that challenge daily clinical practices. In our report, the isolate was misidentified as Citrobacter koseri by API E and Pantoea species by Vitek 2 but confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and 16S ribosomal RNA analysis as Leclercia adecarboxylata . Conventional PCR revealed the presence of two populations of resistance genes, VIM-1 and OXA-48. Herein, a report of the first emergence of Leclercia adecarboxylata producing VIM-1 in a rectal swab of a 63-year-old non-immunocompromised female with acute intracerebral haemorrhage.