Hardware-Accelerated 4-Way Traffic Management: An Adaptive Learning Control System using NeuralONE-Optimized YOLO26 and 4K Vision on Orange Pi 6 Plus NPU

Hardware-Accelerated 4-Way Traffic Management: An Adaptive Learning Control System using NeuralONE-Optimized YOLO26 and 4K Vision on Orange Pi 6 Plus NPU | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Hardware-Accelerated 4-Way Traffic Management: An Adaptive Learning Control System using NeuralONE-Optimized YOLO26 and 4K Vision on Orange Pi 6 Plus NPU Roger Geany Cristian Ripa Arias, Gonzalo Rafael Carpio Ramos, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9373342/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper presents a proof-of-concept for an urban traffic management system utilizing the hardware-accelerated capabilities of the Orange Pi 6 Plus. The proposed architecture leverages the CIX CD8180 SoC, which provides a combined AI computing power of 45 TOPS (CPU+NPU+GPU), enabling simultaneous processing of four 4K video streams at the edge using NeuralONE-optimized YOLO26 models for real-time vehicle detection and density analysis. The system implements a two-layer adaptive control algorithm: a deterministic Webster engine for phase timing optimization and an online learning mechanism driven by a physics-informed cost function. Experimental validation follows a controlled Proof of Concept (PoC) methodology using pre-recorded 4K intersection footage and a purpose-built traffic simulator with Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) physics, a NEMA TS-2 compliant 18-state controller, and an AI optimizer. Results demonstrate that the platform achieves NPU inference latencies of approximately 15-67 ms per frame depending on model scale, with stable multi-stream operation. The adaptive algorithm achieved cost convergence (ΔJ < 0) in 11 of 18 stress-test phases and passed all 282 mathematical boundary conditions, offering a scalable solution for smart city infrastructure in resource-constrained environments. adaptive traffic controls NPU-accelerated edge inference hardware-accelerated object detection Orange Pi 6 Plus real-time 4K vehicle detection Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 18 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 18 May, 2026 Reviews received at journal 05 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 22 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 17 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 10 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 09 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9373342","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":624797396,"identity":"3072ec2c-902c-4702-a737-8e6798c2d2b7","order_by":0,"name":"Roger Geany Cristian Ripa Arias","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Saint Augustine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Roger","middleName":"Geany Cristian Ripa","lastName":"Arias","suffix":""},{"id":624797397,"identity":"d46f7437-d42c-469b-a1a6-649bcb48a0d5","order_by":1,"name":"Gonzalo Rafael Carpio Ramos","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Saint Augustine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gonzalo","middleName":"Rafael Carpio","lastName":"Ramos","suffix":""},{"id":624797398,"identity":"57cc354f-dba1-413f-ae88-c938bea9d5fa","order_by":2,"name":"Franco Alessandro Arenas Mamani","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC9gYogx9KMzZgV4gAPAegDMkGkrUYHCBaC/vZh48LauqijW/kHv7wg8FGdsMB3oMP8GrhSTc2nnHscO62G3lpkj0MacYbDvAlG+DTYs+QxibNw3YAqCXHjIGH4XDihgM8ZhJ4beF/xv6b519d7uYZOcYf/zD8B2kx/4FXi0QaGzNvG3PuBokcA2kehgNgW/DpAGp5xizN23c4d8aZN2bSMgbJxjMP8yUTcFga42eeb3W5/e1Ah72psJPtO9578ANea1ABKKiYeUjQALOZdC2jYBSMglEwrAEAyl5HX31gJLwAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Saint Augustine","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Franco","middleName":"Alessandro Arenas","lastName":"Mamani","suffix":""},{"id":624797399,"identity":"e06d7db5-7caf-43b3-aeee-b1d72dda8927","order_by":3,"name":"German Alberto Echaiz Espinoza","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National University of Saint Augustine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"German","middleName":"Alberto Echaiz","lastName":"Espinoza","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-10 01:53:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9373342/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9373342/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":107420958,"identity":"e8d57654-2e24-41b7-9d28-7ef76e1cb337","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-21 10:28:45","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":40969640,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9373342/v1_covered_cad0f888-0540-41c4-9725-fd50ffc274d8.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Hardware-Accelerated 4-Way Traffic Management: An Adaptive Learning Control System using NeuralONE-Optimized YOLO26 and 4K Vision on Orange Pi 6 Plus NPU","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"iranian-journal-of-science-and-technology-transactions-of-electrical-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"iste","sideBox":"Learn more about [Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering](https://link.springer.com/journal/40998)","snPcode":"40998","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/40998/3","title":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"adaptive traffic controls, NPU-accelerated edge inference, hardware-accelerated object detection, Orange Pi 6 Plus, real-time 4K vehicle detection","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9373342/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9373342/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"This paper presents a proof-of-concept for an urban traffic management system utilizing the hardware-accelerated capabilities of the Orange Pi 6 Plus. 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