Social Determinants of Health and Healthcare Access among Latina/x/o Sexual and Gender Minority Adults

Priya Mathur, Pedro Alonso Serrano, Gregory Phillips II, Harita S. Shah
2024 · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5664699/v1
preprint OA: closed CC-BY-4.0
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Abstract

Abstract Purpose: This study aims to identify current social determinants of health (SDOH) and healthcare access barriers impacting health outcomes among Latina, Latinx, and Latino (Latina/x/o) sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals. Methods: We conducted cross-sectional surveys of 521 Latina/x/o adults with a focus on SGM individuals from November 2022 to June 2023 in Cook County, IL. We recruited using social media groups and in person community venues geared towards Latina/x/o and/or Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender/Questioning (LGBTQ+) individuals. We examined associations between demographic predictors and SDOH (housing, food, and job insecurity) or healthcare access outcomes (insurance status, access to primary care, and time since last provider visit) using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Respondents included 68.8% (n=329) SGM individuals, of whom 48.6% (n=157) identified as gay or lesbian, 42.7% (n=138) identified as bisexual, pansexual, or queer, and 15.8% (n=48) identified as transgender. Across sexual and gender identities, our study population had a high burden of housing insecurity (n=286, 56.9%), food insecurity (n=177, 35.3%), and job insecurity (n=90, 27.8%). There were also a high proportion of uninsured individuals (n=120, 25.2%) and people who had not seen a provider in the last year (n=188, 36.2%). Conclusion: Public health interventions and policy reform are urgently needed to address the SDOH and healthcare barriers that drive health disparities for the diverse groups within Latina/x/o SGM populations.

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License: CC-BY-4.0