Drug design, development and therapy

PurposeEstradiol valerate (Progynova®) is used as hormone therapy to supplement estrogen deficiency. This study aimed to assess the bioequivalence of an estradiol valerate tablet and its generic form, under fasting and fed conditions.Method…

Endometriosis (EMS) is defined as the appearance, growth, infiltration, and repeated bleeding of endometrioid tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterus cavity, which can form nodules and masses. Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory e…

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecologic condition that affects around 6-10% of reproductive age women. This clinical entity is characterized with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility which are the most often presenting sym…

Female infertility and pregnancy maintenance are associate with various factors, including quantity and quality of oocytes, genital inflammation, endometriosis, and other diseases. Women are even diagnosed as unexplained infertility or unex…

BACKGROUND: Traditional medicine is a common treatment option for endometrioid-related symptoms. In the past few decades, Guixiong Xiaoyi formula has been widely used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of endometriosis. PURPOSE: T…

BackgroundGonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists (GnRH-ant) are widely used in current in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), however, whether the lowest daily dose of GnRH-ant is individualized remains unknown. Due to the neg…

Estrogens play a critical role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and it is logical to assume that lowering estradiol levels with oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists may prove effective, especially in women who fail to …

PurposePuerarin (PUR) is a major bioactive ingredient extracted from the root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, which is known as Gegen in traditional Chinese medicine. Conventional PUR ophthalmic dosage forms such as solutions and suspensi…

BackgroundAlbeit oxidative stress has been implied in the pathogenesis of tubal pregnancy (TP), there are scant data to suggest that ferroptosis occurs in TP. Shikonin plays a pivotal role in redox status, but whether it can regulate ferrop…

ObjectiveThe principal purpose of this study was to compare reproductive outcomes for stimulated cycles (STC) and hormone replacement cycles (HRC) for endometrial preparation before frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in young women with po…

ObjectiveTo compare the use and clinical efficacy of three different follicle-stimulating hormones (FSHs) for follicle growth and development in long-protocol controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).MethodsA total of 540 gonadotropin-rele…

INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis (EMs) is associated with severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility and the development of improved EMs treatment options is an ongoing focus. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on EMs and …

PurposeTo investigate the effects of sildenafil citrate (SC) on live birth rates (LBR) during women undergoing their first frozen embryo transfers (FET) with hormone replacement therapy (HRT).Patients and methodsThis retrospective cohort st…

BACKGROUND: Sanjie Zhentong capsule (SZC) offers excellent effect in treating adenomyosis (AM), which is a common and difficult gynecological disease in the clinic. However, the systematic analysis of its mechanism has not been carried out …

PurposeGonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is widely used for pituitary down-regulation and recruiting more follicles in assisted reproduction. However, no information is available on its value for patients with thin endometria…

HIF-1α is an important factor regulating oxygen balance in mammals, and its expression is closely related to various physiological and pathological conditions of the body. Because HIF-1α plays an important role in the occurrence and develop…

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is one of the major public health problems worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, traditional medicine may hold promise for the treatment of cancers. Gossypol-acetic acid (GAA) is a male contrac…

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to screen the leading compounds of natural origin with anti-angiogenic potential and to investigate their anti-angiogenic mechanism preliminarily.Materials and methodsAn initial screening of 240 compoun…

PURPOSE: To explore the exact mechanism through which emodin down-regulates the migration and invasion abilities of endometrial stromal cells. Moreover, to explore the theoretical basis of emodin in the treatment of endometriosis. PATIENTS …

PURPOSE: To explore the mechanism of levonorgestrel (LNG)-ameliorating adenomyosis through long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19)/miR-17/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 71 cases of adenomyosis and 54 case…

PURPOSE: In patients who had advanced endometriosis, we use different protocols including GnRH agonist, GnRH antagonist and progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocols to assess live-birth congenital malformations delivered after …

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of quercetin on proliferation, invasion and migration of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from adenomyosis patients. METHODS: Primary ectopic ESCs (EESCs) and eutopic ESCs (EuESCs) were obtained and purifie…

Purpose: The two major ovarian-stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization are gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) protocol or GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol; however, comparisons of their relative efficacy remain cont…

PurposeTo investigate the role of IGF-1 signaling pathway in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas with mifepristone.Patients and methodsFrom October 2015 to December 2018, 50 patients with uterine leiomyoma were included in this study. Overe…

PurposeDydrogesterone (DYG) has been demonstrated to be an alternative progestin in the progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol with comparable oocyte retrieval and pregnancy outcomes. However, its safety regarding neonatal out…