BMJ case reports

Acute abdominal pain is a common symptom in young women. We describe a patient with acute illness and severe lower abdominal pain. Laboratory tests were normal except for mildly deranged inflammatory markers. No abnormalities were reported …

Giant abdominal cyst can lead to various non-specific symptoms such as abdominal bloating, nausea/vomiting, constipation due to its mass effect. In rarer circumstances, it can lead to bowel obstruction, hydronephrosis and even abdominal com…

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is an uncommon and challenging condition comprising 10% of all uterine sarcomas and found in women 42-58 years of age. ESS is difficult to diagnose in young women as it masquerades as a leiomyoma. We report…

A 29-year-old, otherwise well, nulligravid woman presented to the emergency department with 1-day history of generalised abdominal pain and vomiting. She had similar symptoms 6 months prior following recent menstruations, which resolved con…

A 33-year-old postpartum patient, who had an uncomplicated repeat caesarean section 4 weeks prior, presented with a 2-day history of acute right lower quadrant, incisional and groin pain. She was found to have a palpable tender lump in the …

We present the case of a previously fit and well 30-year-old primiparous woman who developed Hamman's syndrome during the second stage of labour. This is an unusual and peculiar condition, characterised by spontaneous pneumomediastinum and …

The clinical scenario of a female patient with a pelvic mass, elevated CA125 tumour marker, pleural effusion and ascites is often associated with malignancy. However, not all cases are malignant. Non-malignant diseases, such as Meigs syndro…

We reported a case of right inguinal endometriosis in a 41-year-old woman with unremarkable surgical and gynaecological history. She presented with right groin swelling for a month since her last menstrual period. Clinically the swelling wa…

We report a unique uterine neoplasm, favoured to represent an isolated extrapulmonary lymphangioleiomyoma with unusual pathological features, in a postmenopausal woman without tuberous sclerosis complex. The large neoplasm consisted of smoo…

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare condition, characterised by the proliferation of peritoneal smooth muscle nodules. LPD is a benign disease with a low rate of malignant degeneration. We describe the case of a 46-year-…

We report the clinical presentation, histological findings and management of a 49-year-old female patient with non-muscle-invasive clear cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. In the literature, there are only seven such case reports. We fe…

Persistent trophoblast after ectopic pregnancy has been demonstrated at the surgical site or as peritoneal implants. A 37-year-old woman (G5P2) experienced persistently low levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) after surgical tr…

A 34-year-old gravida 0 woman presented to the office for an infertility consultation. Her gynaecological history was significant for endometriosis and pelvic pain, for which she had undergone robot-assisted laparoscopic endometriosis resec…

A 47-year-old woman attended her first screening colonoscopy due to a strong family history of colorectal cancer. She is asymptomatic. Her only medical history is of well-controlled endometriosis for which she had a laparoscopic ablation wi…

This case describes a 69-year-old woman, who presented with rapidly progressive cerebellar symptoms and unintentional weight loss. Full neurological assessment excluded space-occupying lesions, vascular accidents and infection. Surprisingly…

A 65-year-old patient presenting with left labial and perirectal pain was diagnosed with bilateral Tarlov cysts. Upon treatment of the left Tarlov cyst (the right was asymptomatic) using image-guided aspiration and subsequent injection of t…

Sister Mary Joseph (SMJ) nodules are rare malignant metastatic umbilical nodules, indicating disseminated disease and associated with a poor prognosis. This is the case of an 80-year-old woman who presented with umbilical discomfort and an …

Uterocutaneous fistula is an extremely rare clinical condition that may be caused by postoperative or postpartum complications, such as infection or inflammation. Although fibroids and myomectomy are common clinical entities among women of …

A 20-year-old woman recently married presented to the outpatient department of the hospital, with primary amenorrhea and difficulty in having coitus. Her height was 155 cm, breast development was normal for age, and other secondary sexual c…

A 41-year-old woman with menorrhagia secondary to adenomyosis underwent an elective uncomplicated total laparoscopic hysterectomy after failed medical therapy. She developed fever, epigastric pain, nausea and diarrhoea on postoperative day …

A 43-year-old woman with no known cardiovascular risk factors was admitted with a second episode of ischaemic stroke. She was not a known case of connective tissue disease like systemic lupus erythematosus or antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)…

A 26-year-old gravida 2, para 2-0-0-2 woman with a recent uncomplicated vaginal delivery 10 weeks prior presented to our hospital with 5 weeks of abdominal swelling and discomfort. Four weeks after delivery, the patient began having right u…

A 35-year-old female patient, married with two children, presented to us with complaints of haematuria for the last 1 week which was sudden in onset, painless and intermittent. She had lower abdominal pain 6 months ago when she was evaluate…

We present a case of a live birth occurring post radical laparoscopic excision of endometriosis, hysteroscopy, curettage and test of tubal patency in the presence of an early intrauterine gestation.

A 43-year-old woman with an anterior vaginal wall mass was referred to gynaecology outpatient for diagnosis and management. Clinical assessment was indicative of a urethral diverticulum, however MRI and ultrasound imaging suggested a Gartne…