Current issues in molecular biology

MicroRNAs play crucial roles in regulating inflammatory responses and disease progression. Since its identification on chromosome 17q11.2 in 2005, miR-451 has emerged as a key regulator of multiple physiological and pathological processes. …

Estrogen-dependent conditions, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, lipedema, polycystic ovary syndrome, and breast cancer, are intimately involved with hormonal changes related to estrogen and their receptors. These conditions can be expres…

Endometriosis impairs fertility by interfering with ovarian function, embryonic development, and endometrial receptivity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognised as non-invasive biomarkers that may indicate biological processes based on…

Adenomyosis, a prevalent gynecologic condition involving invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium, remains poorly understood in terms of its molecular pathogenesis. Numb, an important regulator of cellular destiny and stem cell ma…

During embryonic development, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are responsible for vast growth and remodeling. These processes have distinct mechanisms, like budding, cord hollowing, cell hollowing, cell wrapping, and intussusception. This r…

Introduction and importance: Extrapelvic endometriosis, confined exclusively to the body of the rectus abdominis muscle, is a rare form of abdominal wall endometriosis. While its etiopathology remains unclear, it is often diagnosed in healt…

Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) plays a key role in promoting malignant phenotypes in various types of cancer. ME1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhances stemness via glutaminolysis, energy metabolism reprogramming from oxidativ…

Clear cell ovarian carcinoma is a rare and aggressive histologic subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer, characterized by a chemoresistant phenotype and distinct immunogenomic features. Despite early-phase trials showing a limited response to…

Endometriosis (EMS) is a long-term inflammatory disease. It represents one of the most prevalent gynecological conditions, impacting an estimated 5% of reproductive women. Therefore, endometriosis contributes to substantial worldwide health…

The majority of drugs are typically orally administered. The journey from drug discovery to approval is often long and expensive, involving multiple stages. A major challenge in the drug development process is drug-induced liver injury (DIL…

Although endometriosis is a benign disease, it is associated with cancer-related gene mutations, such as KRAS or PIK3CA. Endometriosis is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory factors that cause severe pain. In a previous study, w…

Capsaicin, the most prominent pungent compound of chilli peppers, has been used in traditional medicine systems for centuries; it already has a number of established clinical and industrial applications. Capsaicin is known to act through th…

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a challenging clinical obstacle in oncological settings, marked by elevated incidence rates and resulting morbidity and mortality. In the context of cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT), endothelial dysfunction…

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often associated with metabolic abnormalities in the affected patients such as obesity or a dysregulated glucose metabolism/insulin resistance (IR). IR affects the serum levels of several circulating micr…

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects around 2% of women of reproductive age. Primary RPL is defined by ≥2 pregnancy losses and no normal birth delivery. In secondary RPL, the losses are after a normal pregnancy and delivery. Most cases ha…

Metamorphosis control is pivotal in preventing the outbreak of jellyfish, and it is often studied using common model organisms. The widespread use of the ultraviolet blocking agent homosalate in cosmetics poses a threat to marine ecosystems…

This paper aims to elucidate the differentially coexpressed genes, their potential mechanisms, and possible drug targets in low-grade invasive serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSC) in terms of the biologic continuity of normal, borderline, and ma…

Copper (Cu) is a precious metal and one of the three most abundant trace elements in the body (50-120 mg). It is involved in a large number of cellular mechanisms and pathways and is an essential cofactor in the function of cellular enzymes…

DNA methylation is the epigenetic pathway controlling cellular gene expression. Methylation is a natural and cellular epigenetic mechanism for gene silencing. The fact that the genes that the cell decides to be silent do not speak or begin …

The significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of male reproductive processes has been closely studied in the last two decades. Recently, it has become clear that oxidative stress can lead to numerous pathological conditions du…

Despite the ongoing clinical trials and the introduction of novel treatments over the past few decades, ovarian cancer remains one of the most fatal malignancies in women worldwide. Platinum- and paclitaxel-based chemotherapy is effective i…

Female infertility (FI) is a global health issue. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of FI. The renalase gene (RNLS) is associated with FI and other human diseases. Based on the documented missense variants, rs6166 and rs229…

Based on current findings, the presence of oxidative stress has a significant impact on the quality of gametes and embryos when performing assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Unfortunately, in vitro manipulation of these cells exposes t…

The main function of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) is to regulate gastrointestinal peristalsis by acting as a "pacemaker" cell by generating spontaneous slow electrical waves. In 2005, electron microscopy revealed a cell type similar t…

The sirtuin family, a group of NAD+-dependent class 3 histone deacetylases (HDACs), was extensively studied initially as a group of longevity genes that are activated in caloric restriction and act in concert with nicotinamide adenine dinuc…