Journal of family medicine and primary care

In 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized heavy menstrual bleeding as one of the risk factors of anemia in "Accelerating anemia reduction: A complex framework for action." Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) leads to chronic increa…

INTRODUCTION: Infertility is defined by failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Unexplained infertility was often treated with superovulation by using clomiphene, letrozole, or gonad…

BACKGROUND: Menopause is the inevitable termination of reproductive life as a non-modifiable risk factor with aging in women having no or tangential to significant, even disabling symptoms. OBJECTIVES: To weigh up follicle-stimulating horm…

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with varying severity. The mortality rate varies from 20% to 40% among severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro- and anti-inflammatory cyto…

Post-modernization has increased infertility globally. Infertility can cause ovarian, breast, and endometrial cancers. Recent studies have shown that a substantial proportion of couples undergoing infertility treatment develop cancer. Howev…

BackgroundExposure to chemicals among women working in the fireworks industry can lead to the risk of birth defects. In India, the congenital birth defects prevalence is 25 per 1000 live births.ObjectivesTo address the risk of birth defects…

We report a case of a 49-year-old female with a history of HIV infection for 12 years. The patient had excellent compliance with antiretroviral medications, raltegravir 400 mg twice daily and truvada once daily for HIV. Over the years, she …

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE: Preterm delivery is a common complication during pregnancy periods and imposes a high cost on the healthcare system due to the care needs of premature babies. Sexually transmitted infections are one of the effectiv…

BACKGROUND: Despite its prevalence, limited research has explored the direct correlation between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and endometriosis, particularly in regions like Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to bridge this gap by investigati…

Rupture of corpus luteum cyst from sexual pleasure is an uncommon event that has not been reported in our environment (Africa). The patient is a 30-year-old primiparous woman who developed severe lower abdominal pain thirty minutes after se…

Vaginal leiomyomas, originating from the anterior vaginal wall, are exceedingly uncommon, with only around 300 reported cases documented in the literature to date. We present a rare case of a 50-year-old female who visited the outpatient de…

In spite of advances in medical sciences, diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy eludes the clinician. In this case series, we describe three variants of life-threatening pregnancies. The successful management of these cases hinged on a strong inde…

BACKGROUND: There is a very little information known about CRP in term pregnancies. It is a marker that is easily tested and is inexpensive. Although CRP has been used very effectively in diagnosing infection in the neonate, its clinical us…

A simultaneous presence of intrauterine and extrauterine gestation is called as heterotopic pregnancy (HP). The incidence of spontaneous HP is 1: 30000, which is very rare. In this case report, we are reporting a rare case of spontaneous HP…

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSIs) may be reduced by following SSI prevention measures. We assessed the SSI rate following caesarean section (CS) and gynaecologic surgery after implementing a simple SSI prevention bundle including …

BACKGROUND AND AIM: A few studies have addressed the possible role of vitamin D in decrement of ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, because of the widespread of vitamin D deficiency, especially among Iranian women, in this study, the association …

OBJECTIVE: To present a highly rare case series of uterine rupture in primigravida individuals with an unscarred uterus. CASE: The unscarred uterus in primigravida patients is supposed to be impervious to rupture, yet we have four cases of…

OBJECTIVES: Implantation failure is a major problem in reproductive medicine, and despite the various methods described for treatment, there is little consensus on the most effective method. This study was conducted to investigate the effec…

Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most frequently encountered complaint of the reproductive-age women. Heavy menstrual blood loss is responsible for interfering with women's physical, emotional, social, and quality of life. Levonorgestrel-re…

INTRODUCTION: Family doctors manage mild to moderate postpartum morbidities that do not receive attention. The morbidities are higher after cesareans, which are increasing in number. The aim was to calculate the relative risk of various mat…

Endometriosis is generally common benign disease manifested by the presence of uterine tissue outside the uterus. Umbilical endometriosis as such is rare entity but many a time it may go unnoticed to general physician if no symptoms arises …

Haemlacria is a rare condition which is not widely mentioned in literature. In this mini case series, we describe two cases with this presentation. Both the patients were women with unilateral presentation of haemlacria in the right eye. Ca…

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Genital tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of infertility in women that poses many challenges in diagnosis. The study is done to understand the utility of GeneXpert test in peritoneal fluid in the diagnosis o…