The Pan African medical journal

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), defined as the loss of two or more clinically recognized pregnancies before 20 weeks of gestation, poses a significant global medical challenge. Affecting up to 5% of couples trying to conceive, its multifact…

In most cases, synechiae originate from traumatic uterine procedures in a gravid or non-gravid uterus. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of uterine synechiae in a population of Kinshasa. A case-control study was conducted a…

Hydrocele of the canal of Nuck (HCN) is a rare condition in females that commonly presents in infancy and early childhood. It occurs when fluid accumulates within a patent part of the processus vaginalis causing a swelling in the groin. Cli…

Endometriosis is a chronic, non-cancerous gynecological disorder that is typically observed in women of fertile age. It describes the presence of functional endometrial components, glands and stroma outside the endometrial cavity, most ofte…

INTRODUCTION: intrauterine insemination (IUI) was selected as a treatment for infertility due to its simple method, affordability, and non-invasive. Intrauterine insemination had pregnancy rates after one cycle of IUI ranging between 8.2% a…

Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a rare ovarian malignancy that represents only 2-3% of all cases. There are two subtypes of GCT: juvenile/JGCT (5% of cases) and adult/AGCT (95% of cases). This study aimed to describe a series of 6 GCT cases. …

Introductioninfertility is a reproductive health issue in modern society. In developing countries, ultrasonography and hysterosalpingography (HSG) are first-line exams investigating infertility in women. It is a highly reported issue in Afr…

IntroductionChlamydia trachomatis is the most reported bacterial sexually transmitted infection and if not properly treated may lead to tubal blockage. Tubal factor infertility is the most common form of infertility in Nigeria. This study w…

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly of the Mullerian and Wolffian ductal system, manifesting as a triad of dipelphys uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Patients usually remain asymptoma…

Peritoneal tuberculosis is a rare form of tuberculosis which gives a non-specific clinical picture which can be confused with several digestive pathologies. It can also mimic ovarian cancer at the stage of peritoneal carcinomatosis, hence t…

A case of a 53-year-old postmenopausal woman presenting a giant ovarian cystic mucinous tumor weighing 24 kg is reported here. When she was seen first at our outpatient clinic, she had gross abdominal distension since 2 years, and she compl…

Atypical polypoid adenomyoma is a rare benign tumor of the uterus that usually affects women of reproductive age and has an increased risk of progression into endometrial cancer. The pathogenetic mechanism has not been completely clarified.…

Imperforate hymen is an uncommon congenital anomaly of the female genital tract and can lead to the collection of blood in the vagina and the uterus. Most patients are not diagnosed until menarche when they present with symptoms such as cyc…

Abdominal wall endometriosis is a rare disease that usually develops in association with a cesarean section scar. Although frequently identified in the skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue adjacent to the cesarean scar, intramuscular locali…

Abdominal wall endometriosis is the development of endometrial tissue in the anterior abdomen usually due to an operation in which the uterus is manipulated. We herein delineate the presentation, clinical investigation, and surgical treatme…

A 37-year-old woman was admitted to the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics for management of ovarian cyst, for which a left oophorectomy was performed. The specimen was evaluated then in the department of pathology. On gross examinatio…

Introductionembryo implantation is a crucial step for assisted reproductive technology (ART) achievement. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is one of the main regulators of the implantation process. Studies focusing on the impact of intrau…

Endometriosis of the rectus abdominis muscle is an extremely rare form of extrapelvic localization of the disease. It is usually iatrogenic and develops after caesarean section or gynecological surgery. Preoperative diagnosis is very diffic…

The World Health Organization currently divides endometrial stromal sarcomas into 4 different entities, based on their clinical and pathological features: endometrial stromal nodule, low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas (LG-ESS), High-gra…

Introductionovarian Mucinous Borderline Tumors (MBT) are characterized by an epithelial proliferation similar to those of well differentiated adenocarcinomas but are distinguished by the absence of stromal invasion. They are often difficult…

Benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare cystic neoplasm, characterized by subtle symptoms, that occurs predominantly in reproductive-aged women. The pathogenesis and etiology of the disease are yet to be determined. We herein p…

Total abdominal hysterectomy is among the commonest gynaecologic surgeries observed in Africa. However, there exists a gap in published data to support this hypothesis. Information on hysterectomies reported from sub-Saharan Africa reflects…

Hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) is a rare entity in which both ovaries are multicystic and enlarged under the action of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), mostly seen in the third trimester of pregnancy. This benign condition is usually asymp…

IntroductionHysterosalpingography (HSG) is an outpatient fluoroscopic method for the evaluation of the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, and the surrounding peritoneal cavity. Female fertility depends greatly on normal female reproductive or…

Introductionchildlessness is an emotionally difficult experience for infertile couples. Undergoing assisted reproductive treatments (ART) could generate further stress in these patients. Studies investigating the impact of anxiety on ART ou…